Overview
This lecture explains the veterinarian-client-patient relationship (VCPR), its importance, how it is established, maintained, or ended, and why in-person veterinary care is essential.
What is a VCPR?
- A VCPR exists when a veterinarian knows a pet well enough to diagnose and treat its medical conditions.
- The client must allow the veterinarian to make clinical judgments and follow their instructions.
- The veterinarian is responsible for making medical decisions, maintaining records, advising on treatment options, and overseeing care and outcomes.
Establishing and Maintaining a VCPR
- A VCPR is usually established only after a veterinarian examines the animal in person.
- In most states, a VCPR cannot be formed online, by phone, or email; only rare exceptions exist.
- Regular visits are needed to keep a VCPR valid; if visits lapse, the VCPR becomes invalid.
- Some remote maintenance of a VCPR is allowed after initial in-person exams, at the veterinarian’s discretion.
Importance of a VCPR
- A VCPR is legally required for veterinarians to diagnose, treat, prescribe, or dispense medications for an animal.
- Federal regulations and veterinary ethics require a valid VCPR for prescribing medications and issuing health certificates.
- A valid VCPR ensures the veterinarian is familiar with the animal’s medical history for better care.
Ending a VCPR
- Clients can terminate a VCPR at any time by notifying the veterinarian.
- Veterinarians ending a VCPR must notify the client and continue care for ongoing illnesses until care has been transferred.
The Value of In-Person Veterinary Care
- Veterinarians provide personalized care, including customized vaccination plans and rapid response to reactions.
- Diagnosing animals is complex and benefits from the veterinarian's training and a hands-on exam.
- Physical examinations cannot be replaced by remote communications.
Key Terms & Definitions
- VCPR (Veterinarian-Client-Patient Relationship) — A legal and ethical relationship allowing a veterinarian to provide care and make medical decisions for a pet.
- Health Certificate — Document required for animal travel or other activities, issued only with a valid VCPR.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review your state’s veterinary practice act or contact your state veterinary medical board for specific VCPR regulations.
- Read the Principles of Veterinary Medical Ethics for the full VCPR definition.