Transcript for:
Overview of Live Class Lecture Notes

So Hello Everyone and Good Morning everyone, I hope my voice is reaching everyone properly, I will confirm once, so today after a long time, we are having a live class . Let's start now and tell all this. Happy Birthday and Hey Happy Anniversary, wait now, it's okay, once the class is over, then I will tell you, let's start and the rest of you people know that today you don't know or you don't know that today the annual financial statement is going to be presented. Our Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman ji for the seventh crunch time. Marar ji Desai had presented the sixth crunch time six times consecutively and Nirmala Sitharaman ji is going to break her record. She is going to present the budget for the seventh consecutive time. There will be things related to the budget which will be important announcements, schemes and all the things. We will most probably be watching this evening in the evening. Your class will be scheduled and most probably that class will be live and in that we will be watching the entire budget here and as you. All know that the word Budget is not mentioned anywhere in the Constitution. It is the Annual Financial Statement. That is the Annual Financial Statement. Please tell in which article. Let's start today's lecture that is lecture number 15 and here is the first question. Anant R on your screen. Krishnan is associated with which musical instrument? With which musical instrument is Ananth R Krishnan associated? Tabla, Mridangam, Drum or Volin. If we talk about Krishna ji, we did not read it in Tabla. In Tabla, we read the name Allah Rakha. Zakir Hussain read Anokhe Lal Mishra name read ok Nikhil Ghosh name read Vikram Ghosh name read but nowhere we read Ananth R Krishnan name South Indian S True there was no name ok in tabla so this option will not be there in drums also If we talk about drums, I have not told you yet. If we talk about drums, like remember one name, Anand Gopal Bandopadhyay, okay Bandopadhyay, Shivmani, okay, Shivmani, remember one name, remember one name, what did I think, Sri Sri Shankar? Banerjee Karke name is like this ok Mr Shankar Banerjee you remember this name it is associated with drum talk to violin violin I have told you T is T N Krishna Lal Gudi Gopal Iyer so in short you remember it ok Gayle Associated is A. If you have left out Mridangam, then the answer will be Mridangam only, otherwise option number second, here the correct answer will be Mridangam. In Mridangam, I had told you some other names like Shivara Raman, whether it is UK Shivara Raman or it is VK. Shiv Raman is Shiv Raman, if you see it in the surname then it will be associated with Mridangam, then option number second will be the correct answer here and just now I asked in which article the annual financial statement is given, then it is article number 112, in article number 112, Mohammed. Asad Sir, Physics and Chemistry also, Asad ji, of course, FRB too, we will do the budget for Physics and Chemistry today, okay in the evening, after that, now you see back to back, you will start getting the lectures on FRB also, ok, let's move ahead. There are some more topics like the topic of Gharana which has not been done yet on I think channel, so we will do that one by one. Okay, let's go, Sea Ice helps determine the Earth's climate. According to this, what percentage of The sunlight falling on the sea is reflected back into space and what is this thing called, I have told you that whatever comes through our insulation that is incoming solar radiation which falls on the earth surface is reflected. What is that thing called? How many factors are there to determine the climate ? How many factors are there in any place and when we calculate the climate data, how many years' data is taken? We call this thing as albo. What is albo? What is our earth, our insulation, the reflection that occurs? It is different for different surfaces, for example, if we lie on snow, then it is different for that. If lying in the forest or lying in the trees, then the desert is different for that, it is different for that, so it is mentioned here, whatever is the albedo of every surface, it is mentioned here in your clear, so here you can see which is our fresh. Snow is fresh. Snow means that it is very fresh. So the snow has the highest temperature. That is 80 but the insulation is reflected back. A little bit of the old snow gets reflected. At rough 60, you need to memorize it. not 80 60 Remember a little, sometimes you have to place the order, now here he specifically asked that at 80, well, he asked how much is it, okay, then the answer will be at 80, option number first, but sometimes he asks you to place the order. You can also ask for it, like it will give you all the surfaces and tell you to arrange them in the order of decreasing and increasing albedo, so I have already told you what albedo is and I have also told you that Freshlicious has the lowest and the lowest. They are able to reflect the insulation, mostly it gets absorbed, okay this much thing is clear, how many factors are there, there are as many factors as we have physiographic divisions in India, we take data of 30 years in the same six climates. Let's move ahead to calculate and one more thing you should know like you know that in our earth surface there is water on rough 71 and off land is on 29, this is your ratio in which there is water on 71. If we treat it as 100, then just assume that what is at 2.8 is fresh water. Now this fresh water has the highest composition of fresh water. You will see it in the glaciers, where can you see it. You will get it at some places in the glaciers , look at the ruffles, you will get it at 3 but here I have written that the pressure is exactly at 2.8, that is, the rest of it is your salt water, it is not drinkable, this is in the which is mostly in it and Rough, let's assume that it is 2.8 and at 68 you will see something. Glay is fine in glaciers. Glaciers in glaciers or you can say perma frost. Glaciers and or ice caps. You can say so what is this? This is fresh water. Now I repeat again what I said that of our entire land and that means water, there is water at 71, there is land at 29, of this 71 water, water is potable only at 2.8, that is fresh water and that which is Its ruffle at 68 is clear in the form of ice caps and glaciers. Let's proceed further. The following is called as Shunga Bhritya in the Puranas. Which of the following has been called Shunga Bhritya in the Puranas? Satva Na Kushan Shaka or Kanwa. A, directly after two, five came, this is okay, it is okay, fourth, do it like this, okay, the numbering has gone wrong, there will be no third question of yours, this is okay, this will be the third question, this will be your third number question, the third question is that which of these He has been called Shunga Bhritya in the Puranas. We have read about Satva. He was the founder. You have to tell us the name of the most powerful ruler like him. What kind of coins did he start? Which religion did he believe in and which religion did he follow? Paterna is, they followed many religions but which religion did they follow? Shunga Vri Tyas, not Kushan. What is Kushan? It is a Central Asian tribe which is known as Cheez. Cheez is a nomadic tribe who came to India. Kushan. If we talk about the founder, then Kujal Kad Fishes is fine. If we talk about Kujal Kad Fish and Kushant, then the most powerful ruler in it was Kanishka, who started the Shaka era in 78 AD and also introduced the most popular form of gold coins, Shakas. The answer will not be there. We also know the Shakas by the name of Skin. Keep in mind that it is okay that the Scaas are also a Central Asian tribe. The correct answer will be here Kanva. Now I told you that here we had roughly 16 Mahajanapadas. Rough what exactly were 16 Mahajanapadas. Okay, and among these 16 Mahajanapadas, the most powerful Mahajanapada was Magadha. In this Magadha, different dynasties ruled. First of all, we know that Haran's dynasty ruled and who was its first ruler. It was Bimbisar. Okay, so Haran. Ka dynasty was ruling first and then after that, the most important dynasty was ruling Moray dynasty. In between, other dynasties came like, before Moray dynasty, Nand dynasty was ruling, Nand dynasty was ruling and its last rulers were Dhananand was the founder and Maha Padmanand was the last. Chandragupta Maurya defeated him and established the Maurya dynasty here. He was the last ruler of the Maurya dynasty. Who defeated Brihad Rath? Who defeated Brihad Rath? Pushyamitra Sunga. Pushyamitra Sun defeated Brihad Rat and Shunga. Established the dynasty and after the Shunga dynasty comes the Kanava dynasty. This is the Kanava. Earlier, in a way, in the Shunga dynasty, they used to work as servants, they used to work as servants and this is what it means: Shunga Bhritya Bhritya. Means servant, okay, so in the Purana they have been described as servants of Shunga and that is Kanva, Satva, Nas has been described from the Purana as Andhra, okay, Andhra, they have been described as Satva in the Purana because Satva. Some dynasties were ruling here, who were their feet, who were their feet, whose rules we get to see most profoundly here, whose ruler's songs , Narasimha Varman second built Kailashnath Temple, what is the name of that dynasty and what is its capital? I have to tell you the names of the founders and who were their founders. What did I ask you here? Which coins did he introduce? The coins made of lead glass were started by Satwa Naz. Brahmins used to follow the Brahmin religion. The most powerful ruler was Gautami Putra Sat Karni Gautami Putra Sat Karni Here, if we talk about them, their feet were Pallavas. Talking about Pallavas, Narasimha Varman Van was the one who had taken the title of Dakshin Pathe Shawar by defeating Pula Kesan II. Pallava had introduced the Dravidian form of architecture. Now I recently went to a temple near my village, so I had posted a photo of a temple and I asked you what it is, so it was actually there, that peak of many people. He came to me and said, Sir, that is a plane, it is not a plane, we can see it in the temples of South India, in reality, I should not draw it like this, a little curvy lean, now what, can I understand a little bit? Where was the doubt created in that? Doubt was created there because the architecture of the temple whose photo I had shared seemed a bit South Indian type but it is obvious that I am from North India only and neither is the plane actually. No, only Shikhar will tell him, okay Dravid, now what happens is that in the important temples, the architecture is followed very strictly, okay and it is not like I took the photo of the temple that I sent you there. The Panchayat style was not followed, it is not that the main ditties have been kept here i.e. God and four small ditties have been kept here, it was not that it was fine there, as per what I observed, one more Nandi was also not there. So, it is not that you will get to see all the things there, but yes, you should know the rough architecture. If we talk about the founder of Pallava, then Singh Vishnu was their founder. Let's move ahead. Saturated hydrocarbons burn in which flame, saturated hydrocarbons. In which flame do we burn? Clear blue flame, yellow sooty flame, reddish flame or orange flame. Now I have introduced you a little to hydrocarbons. Compounds made of hydrogen and carbon are known as hydrocarbons. There are two types of hydrocarbons. There are two types of hydrocarbons . I have also told you that one is saturated and the other is unsaturated, that is unsaturated, now what is saturated, that is an example of it, that is alkane and unsaturated, there are two things, our alkene and alkyne, okay, alkene and alkyne now. The alkanes are single bonded. Here we see single bonds throughout. Okay, what are single bonded alkanes? What are doubly bonded alkanes? What is the general formula of triple bonded alkane? How do we know that a hydrocarbon? Alkane is alkene or alkene its general formula is cnh2n + 2 like for example if I know that someone has given me its structure and it has three carbons then if it has to be an alkane then it has three carbons i.e. the value of n is three. So 3 2 6 will have to be two eight hydrogens. If there is no eight then it will be an alkyne because its general formula is cnh2n. If there is no six then there will be four. If there is four then it will be an alkyne because its general formula is cnh2n -2. 3 the 6 - two 4 So this is alkane alkene and alkyne which are alkanes which are alkanes which are if we talk about its applications then the butane which is in it is one of ours which is alkane and we use it in LPG that is which LPG is our liquefied petroleum gas which is used in cylinders. If we talk about alkene, then I am giving you a question, I did not teach you, but you guess which of the following will have the highest boiling point in alkene and alkene? Wood has the highest bowling point, alkane, alkene and alkyne. So the alkene here is ethene, it is also a gaseous hormone of yours in plants and is also artificial. We use it in fruit ripening to ripen the fruits. Let's talk about more alkyne. So one is our acetylene, ethylene, which we know as ethene, this is ethene, these are okay. And that is our acetylene, we know it by the name of ethene, that is ethene, we use it, it is good in welding of metals, it is good in welding of metals and will have the highest boiling point here because of the alkyne. Remember three bonds like this, one bond has to be broken in this, two bonds have to be broken in this, three bonds have to be broken, okay, so we will get to see the highest bollic of it, here if we talk about it, once I thought of the gallium which is of Boron family. It has a very high boiling point and by mistake I thought I had said melting point, although I had corrected it in the comment, but perhaps I had said melting point instead of melting point, so Gallium has to be kept in mind. Okay, now from Boronan family, now here with which flame do we burn? What is the meaning of flame? Flame means law. Just like you burn a candle, the candle burns like this, no one. When a job is done, then It is okay to burn if you go with someone, so whatever it is , it is okay to observe the flame, you will not see the flame there, but no one will see it, still try, this is the flame, so our hydrocarbons are like that, they are some kind of flame. Those that are saturated burn with clear blue flame. Those that are unsaturated burn with yellow sooty flame, that is, yellow colored flame will come out like the gas rat you have in your house. What is LPG? There is a cylinder and you must have seen that a clear blue flame comes out of it. Observe carefully. If you have never done this then girls must have observed that a clear blue flame comes out of it. Option number first here will be the correct answer. Watch of the Following breaks fat into the fatty acids. Which of the following breaks fat into fatty acids? Pepsin, Tripp, Lipase or Amaze. So, we had read the entire digestive system in our last lecture. Let us revise it once. It is okay because IRS session. If it didn't happen, then let's read here, see what we did. First of all, we kept the food in the mouth and as soon as we put the food, the saliva glands present here will release their mucus, which is called saliva mucus. Some enzymes are present in it. Which break our complexion into simple things because the food we eat, for example, if we take a plant-based diet, then the plant food, I told you, we store it in the form of starch, it is a complex one. Celery Mileage has done it, okay, what will happen after this, through this sofa which we call the food pipe, the food will go to our stomach i.e. the stomach, what will happen in the stomach, two things will happen, we had read that one will release hydrochloric acid. Which we know as urea acid, now the salt has two functions, the first function is to kill the bacteria etc. that have come in and the second function is to make the medium here acidic. Banana So that the enzyme called pepsin can function, this pepsin breaks the protein into amino acids or peptones. After this, there are the splinter muscles. What are the splinter muscles and where do they allow this food to come from? Where is the intestine from the stomach? Just asked the question, I do n't know yet. Recently there is a selection post. In CPO he asked which are the muscles which allow the waste material to move forward. If you pass it then these are sprinter muscles. Keep it in mind. So, they have asked in the small intestine. Food sent Small intestine has three parts Duodenojejunal and its three children Duodenojejunal The first section is Duodenojejunal Small intestine is the longest and the whole is our alimentary canal What is alimentary canal Alimentary canal is the alimentary canal where our food goes. First it goes into the mouth, then into the esophagus, then into the stomach, then into the small intestine, so it is long. Its length is 7 to 8 meters. You can see that it has a very rounded type of structure. This is the major site of digestion, i.e. Most of our digestion takes place here. Let us tell you in the comments that there are finger like projections here which increase the surface area for the food absorption. What do we call those which are seen in the inner walls of small intestine? These are the food from the small intestine. Now what happens here ? Assimilation takes place in the small intestine and here we have two enzymes which make them function otherwise there are many enzymes but the primer is these which are our two. Glands are Liver which is the largest gland. It is the largest gland. It is of reddish brown colour. It is on the right side. It is made of cube fur cells which give it the power of regeneration or has the power to regenerate. It secretes hepatomegaly. In the small intestine, which is responsible for the bile juice like hcl-insys, these are our pancreas, they release the juice, pancreas, we had seen that these are our mixed glands, we have two types of glands, we have two types of glands, if you remember I I taught you that one is our endocrine and the other is azok, electricity is not required, what happens in agogram, these people release enzymes and for that they need a duct, so that is why a duct is needed, but which Pancreas is a mixed gland, that is, it also releases hormones and also releases enzymes. Liver is the largest endocrine gland. Not only is it the largest gland, it is also the largest gland. In the comment, you have to tell which is the largest endocrine gland and which is the largest endocrine gland? C and which hormone does it release? Well, there are two things in the juice of pancreas, one is our lipase which breaks fat into fatty acids and it works in basic medium only and this is what happens and Especially the second enzyme is trypsin, both of them can work only in basic medium and it is for that purpose that the bile juice came here, which was sent by the pancreas, sorry, it was sent by the liver and was stored in the gall bladder. What does it do? It also works to break proteins into amino acids, but what is the difference between pepsin and trypsin because both do the same work, they break proteins into amino acids, but the difference is that pepsin is used only in acidic medium. Can work and the trypsin can work only in basic medium. Emma Ilaj, I told you which are the parts of the alimentary canal, mouth is our small intestine, then stomach, then a sorry mouth, sofac, stomach, small intestine and There are finger like projections in the small intestine. These are called villi. After this, the food will go to the large intestine, which you can see in the green colored structure. Its length is very short, it is only 1 to 2 meters. It contains colon. Here, think, it must be written somewhere, if not, then I will write here in such a way that what is the colon, what does it do? It absorbs the water that is left in the food, it absorbs it and uses it to process the food. Throws back out whatever waste material is there, this comes to your rectum and the last part is the anus, which we call the cavity, where the food goes, that is a part of the alimentary canal. We do not consider liver and pancreas as a part of the alimentary canal. If yes, then option number third will be the correct answer here. Emulsification of fat is done by bile juice. It breaks big fat globules into smaller ones but completely breaks them into fatty acids. That is the function of whose function is that of lipase? One more thing we have to remember is in what form our food is stored. Just tell us the stored form of the glucose in the human body. The Moko Festival is celebrated in the following North Eastern States of India which is Moko Festival . Where is it celebrated? Arunachal, Manipur, Sikkim, my foot is hurting sir, ok, it is fine, Sikkim or Meghalaya, where is the MCO festival celebrated, then MCO is celebrated, I have told you with 100% certainty, now you have noticed. Whether you did that thing or not depends on your revision page. If you do not remember that means that you did not revise well, then the correct answer would be Arunachal Pradesh and which festivals we had studied, we had studied in this way. Aruna, kya tere sang soul, we had read it like this, Na, Tere Sang Soul, under this tree, we had read it like this, to solu se solung festival ok hai tere sang sang se san ken festival, so loon under this tree, ok to this dry tree Se Dree Under This Tree So what did Aruna say Come on sir let's go loku festival sir se lo sir festival hold my pin mopin festival and come near me come near se pang sa festival ok there are some more like tawang festival also here If it happens then it has become Manipur of Arunachal Pradesh. If we talk about Nagai here, then if you see Nagai anywhere, you can say that Ganga Nagai is fine, Gang Nagai has become Loo Nagai, these places where Nagai can be seen are from Manipur, your song is yours. This is what you remember about Sikkim, what you remember about Sikkim. Losang Losar Lochar is right, so after doing this we had read what else is there in Sikkim, Saga medicine is Sikkim's Pang Labh Sol, Pang Labh Sol is also from Sikkim, okay and Meghalaya, you know about Meghalaya . This festival of Meghalaya is right here in the West. In a way, we can say that it is in the lap of Bangladesh, and here we have three hills, Garo Khas and Jaintia. Just tell me, by what other name do we know this Meghalayan plate? So it is ours. These are the hills of Garo, these are the hills of Khasi and these are the hills of Jaintia. Garo, Khasi and Jaintia. You should know in order that there is a Festival of Hundred Drums in Garo, which is called Bengali. Which festival is called Festival of Festivals. When does cough occur? You perform naked actions i.e. you take bath naked, like small children , they get cough. If we talk about Jaintia, then Badan Laam is fine, Badan Laam and this festival is Badan Khala, it happens at the time of July, because of monsoon . You should know that the Mausan Ram of Meghalaya is where the highest rainfall is recorded and Mohsin Ram is located. Not only Mohsin Ram but the capital of Meghalaya, Shillong is also located in Khasi Hills, you should know this. We know Plateau by the name of Karbi Ang Lang Plateau, in which your penis is a part of Plateau. The hills of Rajmahal here, Rajmahal Hills, are an extension of the same , which separates Garo Khasi Jaintia Raj Mahal from Garo Khasi Jaintia. These two are known as Malda Fault or Malda Gap. Garo Khasi. Beyond Jaintia, you will see the hills of Mikir and Regma, which in Assam is also a part of your All Together or Karbi Ang Long Plateau. After the death of Babar, Humayun divided his empire into how many parts. After his death, Babar divided his empire into how many parts. Five, two or four Humayun and his total four brothers. Well, who were all, one means that Babar had a total of four sons, Humayun Askar or Akari Hindal and Kamran, these were four brothers in total and Humayun was very big hearted, he did not kill the brothers, like Aurangzeb, he also treated the brothers as his younger ones. It gave a small part of the kingdom and this was its biggest mistake, that is, it divided it into four parts, so its mistake here was that it gave complete autonomy to its brothers there, due to which it happened that when Humayun There was a battle with Sher Shah Suri because where was Sher Shah Suri, he was a Pathan and of the Eastern India, the region of Bengal and Bihar, his father was in Bihar, Sher Shah Suri was a landlord, so Sher Shah Suri was an Afghan there. So, Humayun Bhai Saheb went here from Delhi. The meaning of Humayun is obvious. We know that the Mughal dynasty established by Babar, after the First Battle of Panipat in 1526, Ibrahim Lodi came here. He had fought four battles back to back, one was the Battle of Panipat, we had seen all these things, we have seen that he was sitting on the throne of Fargana at the age of 12, and then he was driven away from there by the Uzbeks. He himself was a kind of Uzbek, that's right, he himself was an Uzbek, he used to call himself a descendant of Taimur, it's okay, where is the descendant of Timur from his mother's side, and Genghis Khan's descendant from his father's side, then Uzbek? Becks chased him away from there and here in India, he fought four battles back to back, one was the first battle of Panipat, he had food after water, he fought the battle of Khanwa with Rana Sanga in 1527, then he fought the battle of Chanderi in 1528, Medni. Fought with Rai and defeated Afghan forces in the Battle of Ghagra. It is okay. Its tenor runs from 1526 to 1530. It runs till 1530. Its tenor is fine and after that one more thing. Can you tell me if you see how many people? Can we tell what was the second capital of Humayun, what was his second capital, his name starts with D, don't write Dally, it is okay, apart from Dally, here this one Shershah goes to fight this battle against Suri Ko and we already know. People have read that Battle of Chausa and Battle of Kannauj which we also know as Battle of Bilgram 1539 1539 I had just asked you this in the quiz also, why was it done because the death of lion like Suri is of Kalinjar. It is in the fort and Kalinjar itself was the one I had just gone to. Okay, so it was in the fort of Kalinjar which was quite magnificent. Okay, it was very nice. When I will be taking courses etc., there will be a mention there, when Kalinjar is mentioned, I will not teach there, but quite here. be deep If he is not that much needed for now, then his death in Kalingar is like that of a lion because his foot falls under the gun powder and whatever one can say about it, the mausoleum is built in Sasaram, Bihar, from where it came. Actually, his tomb is built in Sasaram, Bihar, so who is defeated in these two battles, Humayun, the rule of Humayun lasted from 1530 to 1540 and when he lost, his brothers came to his help. No, they even declared their autonomy that Humayun is no more, now we are the rulers of this place, okay, so instead of helping him, what did they do, i.e. they left Humayun alone, so Humayun has to run away because of this. He was born in Iran, which we earlier knew as Persia. Well, unfortunately there was a dynasty there. He ran away in Iran. Keep this in mind. I have asked where he ran recently in Iran. After this, when he died. It is like a lion and it comes back again in 1555 or 1554 55. You understand it like this, 15 its rule lasts only for one year, then it also rules the stairs of the library. Death occurs due to falling from there. In 1556, we know what happens here. Second Battle of Panipat takes place and in this, Akbar, who was only 13 years old at this time, was representing him and then was his guardian. Bairam Khan who led the Mughal forces was Hemu that is Hemchandra against Vikramaditya who was the actual Hemu himself leading the Afghan forces and was defeated by Bairam Khan and from here the Mughal rule was completely established. Maybe if Shershah Suri had not died in Kalinjar then perhaps the Mughal rule would never have been established and we would have seen Afghan rule because Shershah Suri was an Afghan and Humayun was a very capable commander, so he would have returned and if we talk about Shershah Suri. So its administration was such a strong administration, it was adopted by Akbar, Sher Shah Suri himself built the GT Road, built the Grand Trunk Road and even the National Highway number one NH and which runs from Delhi to Amritsar, we call it Sher Sa Suri. It is also known by the name of the road which is Delhi-Amritsar because it has two components, one is from Delhi to Amritsar, one is from Delhi to Kolkata, so the one which is from Delhi to Amritsar, we call it Sher Shah Suri Marg and the GT Road built by him. This run from the Cheat Gang, from Bangladesh to Kabul, Afghanistan, it had built inns on the GT Road. What are inns, where travelers who are going can stay? Just like there is a place to stop on the highway, those were the inns. Clear, let's move ahead now and its second city was that was Deen Pana Theek Hai Deen Pana Its second city was Humayun's Ok, just like Siri was the second city of Apple, not Alauddin Khilji, in the same way was Humayun's Deen Pana Ok and Humayun. Who wrote the Nama, its biography Gulbadan Begum, what was it, was she the sister of Humayun Let's move ahead Dash of the and Babar Who wrote the Nama, see Tuj 's Babri, Babar himself had written the autobiography in Turkish language, then converted it into Persian. It was the court language of the Mughals. Persian was the court language. It was converted from Turkish to Persian. Abdul Rahim Khane Khana, who was one of the Navaratnas of Akbar, was the son of Bairam Khan. He was the dash of the Constitution sets qualification for Being a Member of the Lok Sabha The dash of the Indian Constitution determines the eligibility for being a member of the Lok Sabha. Article 74 64 84 or 76 76 Sir, we have read it, okay what is given in 76 Attorney General Attorney General but this alone will not work. Now you should know all the clauses because it has been asked recently 1 Doti Cha which we have read, so what is written in the first part that it is given about the office that there will be Attorney General, who will appoint whom will the President do? I am not writing, I have seen all these things, they are also written in your notes, so what is the first one and many people say, sir, notes, you told this, it is not included in the notes, it does not happen, see the thing which I have told many times. First of all, I am repeating the same thing again, then for the purpose of revision, I am making you repeat it, so that again, what is the use of writing that in the notes when it is written in the notes, yours, your notes are that and that. If it will be made in vain, then it is okay. If I have told that thing and have got it written, then that thing is not written again. If it is okay in the notes, then 76 Clause One. What says that the President will make the appointment? What does the second say that This governor will advise the government in legal matters. Thirdly, what does it say that he has the right of audience in all the courts? He has the right of audience in all the courts ; he can represent the government in all of them and fourthly, what does it say that he has the right of audience in all the courts? Will serve only till pleasure. What else does it say that he will advise in legal matters? That is why we call the Attorney General the Highest Law Officer of the Country, that is, the highest law officer of India. Who was the Attorney General before? Who was MC Shetal Vaad? Who is he today? Venkat Ramani, this is the only thing that should be known and what are its qualifications, which is written in the earlier clause, please tell me, have also read 74, it says that there should be a Council of Ministers of India, headed by the Prime Minister, who Will advise the President That is there will be a Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister Who will advise the President and that President will act on the same advice Is that advice binding on the President For once, he can return it But if it comes again then it will be binding. 42 Amendment which happened in 1976 during the time of Indira Gandhi, she had made the advice completely binding that is binding but 44 Amendment said that you can return it once, okay so here that is why we are here. The Prime Minister is called the Head of Government because it is written here that the Council of Ministers is headed by the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister himself is a Council of Ministers but he is the head, so we call him the defacto head or the de facto head or the real head. Also known by the name of head , but the one who is the President is either de jure or nominal or titular head. What does article number 64 talk about? Article number 64 says that the vice president shall be the ex-officio chair. Person of Rajya Sabha i.e. anyone will become the Vice President of the country, he will automatically become the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha, which is another article of the Rajya Sabha which says the same thing that the Vice President will be the ex-official Chairman of the Rajya Sabha and Article 84 is the correct answer to this. Will go to Article No. 84 which talks about what are the qualifications of the Lok Sabha, not only the Lok Sabha but also the Rajya Sabha? First, let me answer this question that one should be eligible to become a judge of the Supreme Court. This qualification should be there if someone wants to become the Attorney General. So, what is the qualification of a Supreme Court judge? Firstly, you should be India's own Garik, plus your qualification should be that you have been a judge for 5 years, or have been a judge in a High Court for 5 years, or have been an advocate for 10 years. Be it in a High Court or in the eyes of the President, you are a Distinguished Jurist i.e. in the eyes of the President, you are a jurisprudence or a person with good knowledge of Judiciary, then you are a Distinguished Jurist or you have been a jurist for 10 years. Are you an advocate in the High Court or have you been a judge of the High Court for 5 years? Well, and means this one and this one and this one and not that means it does not have to be all the things, not just one of these things. Okay, so this thing is clear, now what qualification is written for Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, the first thing is common that brother should be a citizen of India, the minimum age written for Lok Sabha is 25 years and Rajya Sabha. It is written for 30 years , this much is clear in the qualifications written in it, article number 84 and the second article which makes the Vice President ex-officio Chairman of Rajya Sabha, that is article number 89, article number 89 talks about Prisa Iding. Officers of the Council of States What is the Council of States We all know that the Parliament is given in Part Five and in which chapter, please tell us about the Parliament, it has three components, Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha and President. We collectively know them by income. What else do they say collectively? The legislators say that they make the law, the law is fine, it is the legislature and the judiciary reviews that law. Here we have the Lok Sabha, which we call the House of the People or the lower house, the Rajya Sabha. Which is called the Council of State or the Permanent House or the Upper House and the President sits at the top because without his assent no bill can become an Act and hence it cannot become a law, hence the President is an integral part of the Parliament. When was the constitution constituted? This constitution was made on 177th April 1952. Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha, we should know this thing. Direct elections are held here, first pass the post system. Elections are held here Indirect election Proportional representation plus single transferable vote Which is the system Similarly, elections are held in Rajya Sabha Clear proceeding Which book is commonly referred to as a collection of recommendations on organic chemical nomenclature Irregular intervals by the IUPAC and One thing, let me ask you a question, what is the meaning of bi-cameralism? Bicameralism means bicameral legislature, that is, there are two houses. Bi-cameralism, from which country's constitution have we taken it and from the country from which we have taken it, we have also appointed Marshal. Law has also been taken, martial law, please tell me which is the other article which says that our martial law will be limited, when our funds will be limited, our fundamental rights will be limited, when martial law is imposed, then this country is UK, that is Britain, okay, this much is clear . And which article states that when martial law is imposed, our fundamental rights will be limited, then the fundamental rights which are given in articles number 12 to 35, then the article number 34 in this. It is written in it that martial law will be limited. In number 32, our writ has been given, which again we have taken from UK. In number 33, it is written that the people of Armed Forces are personal, the people of forces have their fundamental rights. Will be limited, martial law is written in 34, let's talk in 35, it is written that only the Parliament can make law regarding fundamental rights i.e. law regarding fundamental rights, if not the state legislator goes ahead then which book is there? This is the Blue Book I UPSC, you all must have heard the name, okay, it is taught in 9th and 10th, how organic and inorganic compounds are named, like now we have seen hydrocarbons, so let us assume from hydrocarbon that it is a ch3. This is ch2 and let's say I have put the functional group alcohol, so what will I call it, how will it be named? If I put something here like say, here I will have to remove one hydrogen because the valency of carbon is four. Maybe I have put ch3 here, then how will it be named, it is done according to what IUPAC tells, which is written in the Blue Book, it is written in the Red Book, how these organic compounds will be named. These organic compounds will be prepared. Okay, here I just tell you what kind of alcohol it is, what kind of alcohol it is, I will give you a hint, what does it mean, I will make it a little more easy for you, primary alcohol is secondary alcohol, tertiary alcohol is there, more questions than this. Until it is made, tell me this, till then I will give you one more book so that you do not get confused, it is not Red Book, it is Red List, it is of IUPAC, where we come to know about the names of inorganic compounds. This is Red Book. List IUCN That is the International Union for Conservation of Nature whose head quarter is in Gland Switzerland, it tells us that our species of flora and fauna i.e. plants and animals are categorized as follows: For example, There are some things which are very similar, okay and there are some things which are completely extinct like dinosaurs today and there are some species which are on the verge of extinction, so suppose they become extinct then the extent is on the verge of it. Wild means 'Extend in the Wild' i.e. they are extinct in the wild. If the rest of the habitat is seen, then 'Extend in the Wild' is Critically Endangered, which means that if conservation actions are not taken to protect them properly, then they are on the verge of extinction. They are Endangered, They are standing on the brink of this, They are Vulnerable, They are Near Threatened and Least Concerned, Data is not known about them, Not evaluated, So this kind of whole question is asked in nine categories, in how many categories, in nine categories, IUCN has its Red List. Species can be categorized so that proper action can be taken for their conservation. Now let us assume that if you do not take action for those which are of least concern, it will be fine because right now they are present in large quantities, but if you If action is not taken then you should understand that it is on the verge of extinction. Okay, this thing is clear, it is a secondary alcohol, how to know, first of all it is an alcohol, how to know that functional group L is there. It is OK if I simply write it as ch3 ch2oh, that is, the carbon to which the O group is attached, the carbon to which the All group is attached, which is the functional group of the alcohol, understand it like this if it has two carbons. If one carbon is attached then the primary alcohol is if one carbon is attached then the secondary alcohol is a single car one sorry carbon I am saying hydrogen and if there is not even a single hydrogen attached then it will be called tersh alcohol like here I have attached one more carbon like this and it will be called tersh Alcohol does not contain a single hydrogen in it. Okay, next is our 2028 Olympic Games. Who will host the Olympic Games of 2028? So now the ones of 2024 are going to start in just three or two days from you. 26 off. These are going to be held in Paris, France from July, right where our second Olympic Games were held. Quickly recall what was taught to you in the Olympics. The first one was held in Athens in 18966 and the second one was held in 1900. Where our Anglo Indian Norman Pritchard ji from India had gone to participate. For the first time, we had sent one of our contingents. 1920. When was the Indian Olympic Association formed? Please tell me and who was its first president? Durao ji Tata ji was in the first Olympics. The first Winter Olympic Games were held in 1924. 1924 Chamonix, France. The first Summer Youth Olympic Games were held in 2010. The first Winter Youth Olympic Games were held in Singapore in 2012. We know these things in Innsbruck, Austria. Who was the founder of the Olympic Games? Pierre de Coubertin. Who made the Olympic rings from rings and Dmitry Vike Las, whom we consider to be the first president , the Olympics which was a committee or the Olympic Association, the International Olympic Association. Okay, so we already know these things, now who will host, who will host exactly. 1924 is all right. 1924 was the year when the first Winter Olympic Games were held. That's when our National Olympic Association was formed and who is its Chairman now? PT Usha ji. Okay, coming to this now, it will be in 2028. The one in 2032 has also been announced in Los Angeles. Probably we may host in 2000-36 but we don't know now let's see what happens in 2032. Who will host? Brisbane will host. Where is Brisbane? Is it in Australia? You know where the rest of the games like the Winter Olympics will be held. How much gap is there between the Summer and Winter Olympic Games? There is a gap of 2 years. This question has also been asked. So where will they be held? Milan and Carolina in Italy. Italy is ok. Italy is our favorite country. Isn't it Modi ji 's favorite country? If we talk about where the Summer Youth Olympics will be held now, the Summer Youth Olympic Games will also be held in 2026. The Summer Youth Olympics will also be held here in 2026. Where is Dakar and Senegal located? Dakar is in Japan. And these will be held in Senegal. Then if we talk about where the Asian Games will be held in 2026, then these will be the Asian Games of 2026. This is Nagoya. Okay, where is Nagoya? Again, this is the Asian Games of the 20s and 30s. Where were the first Asian Games held? Tell me who hosted the first Asian Games and the highest number of times. It will be held in Doha Qatar. Doha Qatar is ok. The next one is the FIFA World Cup. That is the FIFA World Cup. This is also 2026. If we talk about the Asian Games, the first one was held in 1951 in New Delhi, India. Then in 1982, we hosted it again. Thailand has hosted it the most number of times. Keep this thing in mind. Yes, China and South Korea have hosted it three times each. The Asian Games are fine and we have hosted the Commonwealth Games once and that is in 2010. We have hosted the Commonwealth Games. The FIFA World Cup of 2026 will be held in three countries. And three countries of our North America are Mexico, USA and Canada. Okay and where will the World Cup of 2007 be held? Cricket World Cup will also be played in our three countries. Which countries are South Africa, Zimbabwe and Namibia. Let's go ahead next question. One more question, okay, tell me, that happened in 2000, 24, do you know that the 20 World Cup was held in USA, where will the T20 World Cup of 2026 be held? Is the T20 Cricket World Cup ok and how many times has India hosted the Cricket World Cup? So, we have hosted in 1987, we have hosted in 96, we have hosted in 2011 and we have hosted in 2023. When is it won? We have won the Cricket World Cup twice in 1983 and 2011. 2026, what are you saying, 2000, yes, we are 2000. Where will the Men's T20 World Cup be held in 26? Again it will be in India and Sri Lanka. Okay, India and Sri Lanka. The next question is when was the Primal to the Constitution amended i.e. when was the Preamble amended. Options. is yours 1974 81 1980 Or 1976, so what things have we read about the Preamble? So Preamble, it is a summary of the Constitution. This is a summary of the Constitution. Who said this on the ID card? Let us tell you whether it is a political horoscope or our horoscope to the Constitution. Who said this? From which country's constitution did we take the preamble? We have read all the things then ID card had said NA Palkhi wala ji said in short I am writing NA NA Palkhi wala political horoscope had said KM Munshi ji who is the drafting committee He was a member of the Plus was the Chairman of the Business Advisory Committee. KM Munshi ji was the country. We took it from the Constitution of USA because it was the first country USA to come up with the concept of Primble Primbal which can be seen up here. We Had you seen what are its components, then it tells the source of the Constitution. So, what is the source of power of the Constitution? We are the People of India or the people of India, this nature tells, the Constitution is fine. Please tell this in the comment. That the Preamble is a modified part of the Objective Resolution. The Preamble was created when our entire Constitution was ready, but we introduced it even before the Constitution started being made. Who introduced the Objective Resolution in the Constituent Assembly? What was the objective of the resolution, that is, the objective resolution and when was it adopted by the Constituent Assembly, so it tells about the nature, after this it tells about the objectives, okay, it tells about the objectives and This tells the date of adoption of the Constitution, when the Constitution was adopted, the nature is Sovereign Socialist, Secular Democratic Republic, Sovereign means that we are independent to take our decisions, i.e. sovereignty, Socialist means socialism, we have a mixed form of socialism. Secular means that all religions, whether secular or secular, are recognized. Democratic means that Government of the people by the people and for the people. Republic means where there is an elected head like in India. Who is the head ? The President and he is elected. In US also there is an elected head. There is also a President who is the head but in UK there is no elected head. There is a hereditary head there so it is not a republic. How many types of three types of justice? Social Economic Political Liberty Five types of Thought Expression Believe Faith and Worship Equality Two types of Status and Opportunity and Fraternity is only one type of Right What is the Date of Adoption of Constitution 26th November which we celebrate as Constitution Day Constitution Day And On January 26, 1950, we enforced our Constitution and on this day we celebrate our Republic Day. Do you know who unfurls the flag on Republic Day? The difference flag is hoisted by the Prime Minister. In the Red Fort in the Independence Day and the unfurling of the flag is done by the President In the duty path by the President Okay in the Republic Day and the beating retreat ceremony that marks the end of this Republic Day celebrations right We know this thing, so if we talk about Primal, then some cases came out in Primal, so these things are not known, when the Objective Resolution was done, it was presented on 13 December 1946 by Chacha Nehru, it is okay. Presented it and when was it accepted by the Constituent Assembly, it was accepted and adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 22 January 1947. If we talk about the Preamble , is the Preamble a part of the Constitution or not? There were some cases regarding this, such as in the Beru Bari Union case, the Supreme Court said that the Preamble is not a part of the Constitution and hence it cannot be amended, that is, the Preamble is not a part of the Constitution and hence it cannot be amended. It is possible, but when did the famous Keshav Nanda Bharti case happen, please tell us, KBC, where 13 judges sat on the bench, where we know that the concept of basic structure also came out and there the Supreme Court said, yes primal is a part of the Constitution and hence. It can be amended i.e. it can also be amended, so then the Parliament because we know that only the Parliament can make an amendment in the Constitution, under which article and under which part of the Constitution and from where it was taken. We had the KBC case for this. In 1973, we took the amendment from South Africa, Article 368 and Part No. 20 of the Constitution, then it made 42 amendments in 1976, which is known as Mini Constitution, to which we added three words, those three new words. Which socialists are secular? No, no, not what you are understanding. Okay, there may be some people and you have started understanding something. No, no, no, not all of them. Remove those three words from your mind right now. If anyone asks your beloved those three words. So you have to tell me that after 'Socially Secular' and 'Integrity' I do not have to say anything else after 'SSI', you have to add these three words 'ISS' meaning 'Integrity, Socialist and Secular'. Now when someone asks you a question, then when he asks that Which of these words was not added 100%, it will write Sovereign in the option because you will remember it by saying S and that Sovereign also starts with S, as I told, ATM money in schedule number sixth, we have four states, Assam. Tripura, Meghalaya and Mizoram definitely give Manipur in it because that Manipur also starts with M, so if you have to keep this thing in mind, then these three words were added in 1976, okay clear, let's move ahead, the same of the following pacts Succession R Das Pact Gandhi Ambedkar Pact Gandhi Jinnah Pact or Jinnah Nehru Pact a love you sir come on brother ATM money yes everyone is right so if we talk here then what happened we know that sir in 1909 a Government of India Act came in 1909 Which is called Morley Mantu Reform because Morley was the Secretary at that time and Minto was the Vice Secretary, by which Act the position was created, the Council of 15th November was given to assist, hence Minto is called the Father of Communalism i.e. India. He was called the father of communism because in a way, he created a rift between Hindus and Muslims, how he gave separate electorates, first of all, separate electorate for Muslims, the meaning of which I have explained to you, what is the Act of 1919. Came what is known as Montague March for Reforms, it further extended the practice of this particular separate electorate, how it was extended and carried forward, to whom was it given - Anglo Indians, those who are from Anglo Indian community, Europeans, Forests, it was given to all of them, okay, Christians etc. What did they give to everyone? Separate electorate and extended it further. We know that 193 three round table conferences were held in 1931 and 1932. Do you know where Golman met? Please tell in the comments in which Congress took part. Gandhiji had led the Congress. So Congress only took part in the second one. Remember, Gandhi-Irwin Pact was signed in 1931 itself, before this Round Table Conference, where Gandhiji had said that okay, we will participate in whatever Round Table Conference was held. And that Gandhi Irwin Pact was endorsed in the case session. Please tell in which session of Congress it was done and in 1930, Dandi March or Civil Disobedience Movement was started. Gandhiji took out a march with 78 people from Sabarmati to Dandi. Yes, and in WFP, Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan had started the Red Shirt Movement, had formed an association by working as Khudai Khidmatgars, that is why we know him by the name of Frontier Gandhi, while Congress participated only in the second one, but Ambedkar ji participated in all three and Ambedkar ji placed a demand there. There he placed a demand that in this way, there should be a separate electorate for the people of Scheduled Caste and for Dalits also, that is, only separate electorate should be there. Taking part in elections means only Scheduled Caste people can take part in the Scheduled Caste elections. Like, suppose it is someone, like even today, Dalit seat has come. You must have heard that everyone can vote for Dalit seat, right? Be it general category, OBC or Dalit, but first separate literate means that only Dalits can vote. Okay, and for this, when a Lothia committee was formed, the Lothia committee said yes, there should be separate rate for them. So in 1932, when Ramsay MacDonald became the Prime Minister of Britain, he said, 'Okay, okay'. Ramsay MacDoll said, 'Okay,' and he announced 'Separate Literate for the Dalits', which we call the Macdoll Award. Because of the name and because of this or it was called Commune Award or McDole Award, because of this Gandhiji got angry. Gandhiji, being the person he is, went on a fast unto death saying take it back otherwise we will break our fast. Will not be broken because Gandhiji believed that if this happens, then those who belong to the general category or those who are OBCs, and at that time, there was no concept of general and OBC developed much like this, meaning the one who is a Dalit and the one who is a Dalit. The rift that exists among them is non-Dalit, it will increase further, that is why Gandhiji went to Fast End to Death, Yerwada Jail is fine in Pune, Yerwada Jail is fine in Pune, then many people convinced Ambedkar ji that brother, don't behave like this. If he finds a middle path then a pact is signed between Gandhiji and Ambedkar ji, after this Gandhiji breaks his fast, we call this pact as Puna Pact which is signed between Gandhiji and Ambedkarji. Somewhere there is Wikipedia, then somewhere else you may see the name of Madan Mohan Malvi instead of Gandhiji, who had also formed the Hindu Mahasabha in 1915, but actually it was signed by Madan Mohan Malvi on Gandhiji's behalf. But it is believed that Gandhiji had signed it, okay, so keep this thing in mind, Gandhi Ambedkar Pact Option Number Second, under which this communal award was withdrawn and some seats were simply reserved for extra Dalits. It is clear, let's move ahead what is and this is the reason why Ambedkar ji was irritated by the word Harijan because Gandhi ji had given the word Harijan, Gandhi ji had formed the Harijan Sevak Sangh in 1924, he had also brought out a magazine named Harijan, Gandhi ji was right. Ambedkar ji did not like this word Harijan. What is the name of the process of gases being output from the interior of the solid earth? What is the process of gases coming out from the interior of the solid earth called and one thing Gandhi? In which session was the Irwin Pact endorsed? It was held in Lahore in Karachi in 1929 in which Purna Swaraj Gold was declared, the flag was hoisted on the level of Ravi river and it was said that civil dissidence movement would be launched in 1931, before which Black flags were shown to the Congress people. Why were they shown? Because Gandhiji could not get Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru ji hanged in the Gandhi Arvin Pact and they were hanged just a few days ago on 23rd March, hence black flags were shown to them. And Karachi session was presided over by Sardar Patel ji where resolutions regarding National Economic Policy and Fundamental Rights were also adopted and Gandhi Run Pat was endorsed. What is the process, see our present time. There is an atmosphere about which I have taught you, the troposphere or stratosphere, above that the middle sphere i.e. the mezzo sphere and above that the thermosphere i.e. which we know as the ionosphere or ionosphere. You will tell two things about the coldest layer. Which layer is which, is known as the Region of Mixing. It is not just that when was our Earth formed, how many years ago was it formed, this should also be known. I have already told you that it was formed 4.5 billion years ago. We saw the Solar System. How did it evolve, about which the Nebula Laplace theory was given that Nebula which is a rotating cloud of dust and gases, from that our planets were formed. Okay, so our Earth was formed 4.5 billion years ago, so it is not that it already had There was an atmosphere. The atmosphere gradually evolved. How did the atmosphere evolve? So the first stage was that which was the loss of primordium atmosphere. Loss of primordium atmosphere means that the atmosphere which was already present here was lost. How was it lost? What happened here are the solar flares that came out of the Sun, they were so strong that they have existed , there are volcanoes etc. here, so this volcanic activity happened due to which what happened in the second stage was the outpouring of what happened of gases and water. What is vapor from inside, in the form of a volcano, then the heat of the interior of the earth comes out from inside, this is what we call degassing i.e. gas coming out from inside, that is called as degassing then fixation of these gases. Which gave our existence? Who gave the theory of origin of species? And here the correct answer would be that which would be the coldest layer. Our mezzo sphere is the middle zone where our meteorites come and end. Region of Mixing is called troposphere, whose average thickness is 13 km at the poles and 18 km at the equator. Its height is option number four. The correct answer here will be transpiration is the loss of water which is in our trees. There are leaves, when we talk about leaves, there are veins in the leaves like this, and the ones below that are our present stomata, where the exchange of gases also takes place and this is the part of the stomata. It is through transpiration that is the loss of water. This is how we lose water. The loss of water happens at night. It is not through stomata but through the hyoid glands. We move forward. Who gave this? Charles Darwin. Charles Darwin. Next question is The famous Panch Mahal is located in Where is the famous Panch Mahal located Warsi Lucknow Delhi or Fatehpur Sikri So this is your Panch Mahal you can see first second third fourth and fifth five in this this is that and this is yours Who developed F in Fatehpur Sikri and Fatehpur Sikri City? Akbar actually built the Panch Mahals. It was not Akbar who built the Panch Mahals. Akbar built Fatehpur Sikri in the year 1571. Why was it built because of Akbar? There is no meaning of son, we can say that he was not having any son or daughter, so he went to Sheikh Salim Chisti ji there and sought blessings from him, then he blessed him and after that he had a son, whom We know by the name of Jahangir who he was born to, that is Mariam Uz Zamani, who we also know by the name of Jodha Bai, her name was Mariam Uz Zamani, the same Mariam Uz Zamani, who was the son from her, Jahangir was born. And because of this, Fatehpur Sikri was built in his memory in 1571. Similarly, in 1575, Akbar built Buland Darwaza after his victory over Gujarat. Remember, when he got victory in Gujarat, that is why he built Buland Darwaza. It was built in 1575. So many things are clear from Fatehpur. And please tell us who built the city of Agra and who shifted his capital to Agra. Which inert gas is used in double glazed windows to fill the space between panes. Double glazed windows are there, um, which gas is filled between the glasses, if air is filled then air is a very good insulator, we can say that it is a good conductor of heat etc., so it is bad in a way. Here, if we talk about the gas which is used, it is an inert gas, all the inert gases are written here, but most importantly, we use argon, there will be no argon, then we use krypton, all these are What are the inert gases, in which period, which group does it come in? 18th group, which we know by the name of Rot group, then also known by the name of group number AA, which contains all the inert gases, please tell in the comment that organo. Which period has the last element because I told you that this 18th group is the last, so all the elements are there in it, which we had memorized like this, Hema, Neha and Kareena, Jeeti Rehna, Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon and Radon. If this is the last element, then it will also have its last elements, so our modern periodic table has 18 groups and seven periods, so this is the last element of the first period, this is of the second period, this is also of the third, so the last element of the third period will be Organon. If we talk about Helium, then who discovered it? Peer Janson did it, but if we talk about the rest, mostly I told you the name below it, you have to tell the name, that name starts with W. Tell me quickly and which element is krypton? When there is fusion of its nucleus, krypton gas is released. Our name is William Rams. You have to remember this name and where else do we use argon? We also use it in bulbs etc. We use argon to fill it. It's fine, we make filament of tens, but we use argon as a gas and when does krypton come out? Remember, barium and krypton come out when we use 92 u235 uranium. What do we do with it? When we hit it with neutrons, its nuclear fusion occurs, then this krypton is one of the noble gases and inert gas which comes out of it. Next is our What is it called in basketball when a shot goes through the basket without touching the rim and back. In board basketball, when someone passes through the basket without touching the short rim or back board, what do we call it? Technical foul: Screen swish or dime, then we call it swish option number third is the correct answer. Our term associated with basketball. It is dribbling which I have already told you, Pivot is fine and remember one thing, once a question was asked that first of all tell me the number of How many players are there in this and in basketball, you have to keep in mind that there are four quarters in its game. In basketball, it has four quarters and four quarters of 10 minutes each. You have to keep this in mind and the number of place, so friend, we know which. There are also balls, okay five, we brought a basket and took six volleys in it, we should not use hands and net for seven days because we will get the base, okay after that, nine, like this 5 6 7 9 is not eight, this is the number of in basketball. Player This is in Volleyball This is in Net Ball and Hand Ball and this is yours in Baseball The National Food for Work Program was launched in the year 2004 by the Government of India and Dash Most Backward Districts of India National Work And one thing I am a little I just want to appreciate you and that is the thing that I observed, the students of 2.9 are 2900 students, out of 2900, only 2900 have remained for that long, that is a very good thing, okay, this is rarely seen in educational videos. That's why I want to appreciate you for this thing that if you guys look at the effort you are putting in, the thing that I have observed in life is that if you put in the effort, even if you are not into it or not, then you get this realization. Later it will happen that whatever hard work you did at that time will definitely help you somewhere. Okay, so that is a good thing, so if we talk about this program, it was launched in 2004, what was there under it like you said? You must have heard the name of NREGA, the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act which came in 2005 and when was it implemented, just tell me, I have already told you when it was enforced, what was included in it that you have to do unskilled work, unskilled work is manual work. And under that you will get money. What was there in it? It will remain unskilled work in rural areas like digging a pit, all this but you will not get money in it, you will get food grains etc. in exchange of it, it will also be written 'I', 'Th' is not written, is it not written instead 'Y'? You will get food grains etc., you will get things to eat, it was launched in 150 which was the most backward district, in 2004, remember that NREGA was launched, which means it was implemented on A4, on the second February of 2006, the day we reached the wetland. Day is also celebrated and it is converted from NREGA to MG NREGA Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act When was it done It was done on Gandhi Jayanti on 2nd October in the year 2009 18 The Darjeeling Hills in India are world famous for dash cultivation Darjeeling in India Which hills are world famous for the cultivation of Mango Tea, Cinnamon or Banana? Where are Darj Ming Hills in Sikkim? Which part of Himalaya is Kanchenjunga, which is 8598 meters high and if we talk about that, then there You have a festival which we know by what name Chu Phat Festival, remember this is a festival of Sikkim which we had just seen, Chu Phat was not told, remember Chu Phat is worshiped as God Kanchan Janga Darj Hills is famous for tea in this festival. Now you will tell me that when I told you about the Himalayas, I told you about the Trans Himalayas which has three ranges, Karakoram, Ladakh and Zanskar. After this, there is the Great Himalayas which is known as Himadri. Then comes the Lesser Himalaya, which is also known as the Middle Himalaya or Himachal, here it is called Pir Panjal, here it is called Dhaul Dhar in Himachal Pradesh, it is called Nagtibba in Uttarakhand, then all this. It goes till here and further. What is Shivalik? Your Shivalik does not go further and gets lost here. Who takes its place? Please tell me, which is very helpful in the cultivation of tea. Which soil form helps in the cultivation of tea? Which is formed by the process of leaching. There is a leaching process from where important minerals are washed away. By what name do we know the condition of the swell? We know it by the name of pedology. There are different horizons in the soil, such as these The horizon number of the soil is C then B then A c B A and this is o What is in C is unweathered rock, from is the stones lying on it, okay unweathered rock is here here, what is semi weathered rock i.e. A little bit of raw rock is broken and this is called top soil and if organic content is visible above this top soil, organic content i.e. humus, then we call it O layer which we do not see in all the soils, even The content of humus in our Indian soils is very low and what is this swell? Laterite swell which is cashew net i.e. cashew and coffee. It is also considered good for the cultivation of it. It is also known by the name of brick soil i.e. the soil from which bricks are made . Tell us what are the Longitude Valleys known between our Dooars and Lesser Himalayas and Shivalayas. We have pre-monsoon showers for mangoes which are very helpful. What are pre-monsoon showers? The rain that occurs before the arrival of monsoon, we know it by the name of pre-monsoon showers, like this is our Kerala and here is our Karnataka. So here comes our showers, we know them either by the name of Mango Showers or by the name of Blossom Showers because they help in the early ripening of mango and the flowers that come after the coffee. The pre-monsoon showers that take place here help in blooming, whereas in West Bengal we know them as Kaal Baisakhi. Kaal means like Kalinjar. I told you it is Kalinjar. Kaal means when a time comes. It means time, isn't it? Like I told you that Lord Shiva drank poison and then he ended time and destroyed it. So destroyer means time, hence the name Kalinjar is correct there. There is also a temple of Neelkanth Mahadev there, that is why Kaal Baisakhi Kaal means time is right, so Kaal means we are used here in negative sense too, so Kaal Baisakhi is here and here in Assam and Bangladesh it is known as Badoli Chir. If this much is clear, then what are the option number second and longitude valleys ? We call them between the Lesser Himalayas and Shivalik. Which is the biggest Doon? Dehradun, the rest are also Doon. Kotli Doon, Patli Doon. This horizon moves ahead. You understood. Have read different types Alvil Black Red All things are ok Let's move ahead Which of the following are major coal fields in India Which of the following is the major coal field in India Jhunjhunu and Alwar Coimbatore and Madhurai Satara and Pune and Jharia and Raniganj, when we talk about coal, we have read that it is known by the name of Bari Sunshine, it is known by the name of Black Gold, only that coal is good which has good calorific value, how is the calorific value good if it has The carbon content should be high and the sulfur content should be low and the moisture content should also be low. On this basis we divide it into four parts: Anthracite, Bytom, Lignite and Peat. I think I have told you twice, what is anthracite bytom as? We know it by the name of coking coal because we use it in metallurgy. Anthracite till 80 but your bytom is in lignite. If we talk about it, we This is our lignite coal, you can see that it is a valley, it is a valley, here in Tamil Nadu, you can see lignite coal, it has rough 60 to 65 or even 50 to 65, you can see coal of carbon. The content is visible and the peat is there at 50 and then below 40. We know this peat only by the name of brown coal. It is called brown coal and what can happen here and that's all. We had read the rest so you can see it here. Sorry brown coal, this is not called peat, we will not call it brown coal, we will call it lignite. Okay, brown coal and one more thing, yes, that is what I think, there was something and which form do we know here? Off coal can be seen whose name starts with T, please tell me what has happened, Jharia and Bokar region will become where Singrauli in Jharkhand, this area of ​​Madhya Pradesh will become Singrauli Pinch and Kanha, this is also your Madhya Pradesh. Singareni falls in Singareni, it will be yours here, near Orissa and here you will get your lignite, famous for lignite, Neyveli here, take care of Neyveli in Tamil Nadu and this Neyveli which is Tamil Nadu, we have many thermal power plants which convert coal energy. We generate it and supply coal to them. Okay, where else is Talcher? You will see this in Orissa. The form of coal here is known as Tersh Coal, which you will find in Meghalaya and Jammu and Kashmir. If we talk about where are the highest reserves of coal, then the highest reserves will be seen in some regions. You will see them in Orissa. Okay, where are the highest reserves in Orissa? So here we move ahead. So what will be your answer Jharia and Raniganj ok now friend I am remembering one fact now that fact now I ask you let me finish this last question. After this, there is one fact which I should have told you earlier which I did not tell you, let me tell you now, first let's finish it. Brown fumes of which gas are released during the decomposition of lead nitrate. Brown fumes of which gas are released during the decomposition of lead nitrate. Smoke comes out, the important question is, what is lead nitrate? What is the nature of lead? What is the hole of pbno3 when it decomposes? What is decomposition? Decomposition occurs where a single reactant, which is ours, breaks into multiple products like this. By doing this, this is the exact reverse of combination reaction. What happens in combination? Two things are combined to form one thing. Here, one thing gets broken. This is a kind of fusion reaction. You can say, okay, so what is happening here, decomposition. And if decomposition is taking place due to the presence of temperature, it is breaking, then it is called thermal decomposition, like if lead nitrate is decomposed, here we get lead oxide, here we get nitrogen dioxide plus oxygen. Gas is obtained and these are brown fumes of nitrogen dioxide only. Option number three is that this reaction is not balanced. If you go to balance then you will have to put two PVOs here because there are six oxygens here, hence you will have to put three here and two aa here. It will go like this and not even here, remove this here, if there are two, then two no2, then okay, this work is done, okay, then this will be your two, will it be four, wait, wait, wait, doti 6, 12, 12, oxygen is done, right? So, when there are 12 oxygens, then you will have to put here two, two, four and four and 8. This will be your balance reaction. Option number three will be the answer here. Now it is Nitrous Oxide. We do not know it by the name of Laughing Buddha, it is Laughing Gas. Do you know by the name of I had told you which gas was responsible for Bhopal gas tragedy BGT and when did it happen? Bhopal gas tragedy and nitrogen gas, what is it for you, is it a little inert type gas ? You know that when we inhale, there is oxygen at 78. I knew that in the troposphere, we take in 78 nitrogen. There is oxygen at 21, so we take oxygen at 21. Nitrogen does not react, the whole of it comes out because one It is a kind of inert gas, that is why it is filled in chips packets. If it is not filled then what will happen. Please tell me which phenomenon will happen. So it happened in 1984 and it happened because of methyl isocyanate. The name of the company was Union Carbide. Cyanide Cyanide is fine and which company was it? Union Carbide was the name of the company. Thermal decomposition of silver bromide is like this. AGBR is fine. Like this, I got it decomposed, so it gets formed and this is the reaction we use. Black In black and white photography, we use this particular reaction. If we do not fill nitrogen gas then chips will be in the packet. Rancidity and what kind of reaction is rancidity? This is an oxidation reaction like corrosion. It happens that we rust etc., that is also an oxidation reaction, so what was that fact that I had to tell you, after that we do shot shot shot shot, so this was your fact that we had just read about saturated hydrocarbons and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Regarding the alkene question, it can be asked a little better. Okay, no one, now you note down that alkenes are known as olefins. I remembered this because your question was asked recently . Also add the thing there that we know as olefins, why Alkins because he was a Dutch scientist, he had made oils using alkins, hence we know alkenes as olefins. Now the time has come, current. All right to take the shot of affair. Asif Khan can definitely take D triple for SP class. When all the D triple SB and all SSC CGL are below it, it is enough even for student PCS. I know that we study here but CGL is equally important for all the exams below that level. The first question is and I am planning something on current affairs. I will tell you quickly. First today we are going to do the budget. It's okay in the evening so everyone will register their presence because language is mostly spoken in that state. Why I asked you this question because it is about current affairs and it was news in current affairs because The Cabinet of Orissa passed this in its Parliament, meaning in a way, the Cabinet of Orissa authorized that this language should be added as a language in the Eighth Schedule. How many languages ​​are there in total? Please tell, this work can be done in the Eighth Schedule only by the Parliament. It is possible, but that particular state will also have to give that approval first or else the state will first say that if we want the language to be added, then which language is called, how many languages ​​were there in the ET schedule in Orissa earlier? Earlier we had 14 languages, now how many are 22 languages, we have read which amendments were added to them, 21 amendments are ok, 72 amendments and 92 amendments were added to them, ok, so the 21, sorry, yes, we have added them to the 21 amendments. We added Sindhi to this, we added Sindhi to this, we added Kankani, Manipuri and Nepali to this, we added Bodu Dogri, Sathali and Maithali and from 96 onwards we changed the name of Odia, Odia is Odia, it is in the schedule, but Orissa also added this language. It has been said that the language of Orissa should also be included and the last question is which country is the Emerging Asia Cup 2023? Okay India Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh who won then this won Pakistan A defeated India A Where did it happen in Sri Lanka It happened in Colombo, Sri Lanka and it defeated Okay here your Y will be 71 th I 7 Seconds have been written, okay, you have to keep this thing in mind and here our lecture ends, how much you scored, you will quickly tell in the comment, rest if you want notes for this particular PYQ part, then it will be given to you separately in Hindi and English. Separate notes will be available on the Parmar Academy application. Okay, if you cannot make the notes yourself, then the rest of the demo notes are uploaded, so take a look. I am planning for it now, so there will be an announcement regarding the same, the rest is this. Whatever will happen will be free, okay, there will be no paid batch, nothing like this, okay, and this is in the name of you telegram.me, FRB, our physics and chemistry are also not completed, I will start that too in July. So it will start, that's fine, let's clear, what kind of exam is actually going on right now, so due to this, I am getting a little less time, otherwise I will get that started too, this is the query number, you can do this etc. If you have any queries, thank you, rest, how much score did you get, you can tell quickly in the comment, how much score did you score and one more thing Prabhu ji, where did you travel, where did we travel, first we went, it is okay. If you go to the village, you are taken forcibly. If you don't go, then the family gets angry. If you don't go to the village, then Chitrakoot falls from the village. Okay, Chitrakoot is nearby and not far, where Lord Ram spent 11 years of his life. Last year Bharat ji had come to meet him and said that let's go back to Ayodhya, then after that as we told where Shiva ji is, after drinking the poison of churning the ocean, where Kalinjar had gone. He had defeated Kaal, the Destroyer of Time, Kalinjar, that's why it got its name, we went there and it was good to see, it was bad, it felt like such a holy place and it was a photo of Kalinjar, it was very nice to see it. Man, what wonderful sculptures were made in the walls, I mean because I saw it for the first time, because I am not that much of a traveling person, so because when I saw those things for the first time, I liked it a lot, it was very nice to see, okay, I mean I Had also shared pictures from this and worse, now after seeing these two things, I felt that firstly, all the idols were broken idols of Hindu Gods and Goddesses, meaning that either their legs were broken, noses were broken or whatever their mouths were. It means that it was cut on a definite pattern in such a way that it does not mean like we have ice cream and if we take a scoop of ice cream with a spoon then the shape that is formed in the ice cream is that here it was taken out with a spoon exactly like this. As if it means that everyone's mouth has been cut with some tool, if you remember the type, if it is not cut, then the nose is broken, if nothing happens, then the leg is broken, up there, meaning so good, so good, that Shivalinga has been broken, all the idols are lying in ruins. It is lying broken, we have not been able to break it because it has been built in the inner walls like Aurangzeb also did. Kailash Temple, which was built by Krishna Van of the Rashtrakuta Dynasty, he tried for many years to get it demolished but he could not get it demolished. Many Islamic invaders came to the temple, that is, many things were found there, that one thing seemed bad. And one thing is that there is no development there at all, whether it is Chitrakoot or Kalinjar, it means there are such wonderful places, I mean Ram ji, I felt that I have spent 11 years here and it means they are not taking advantage and Kalinjar Fort is such a tourist. The place could be nearby, meaning there, was there a reason to go there because I mean, elder mother's village is located just next to it and I had gone to that village for the first time and there too. It means there is no development at all and there is no development there at all and even now police have started being deployed there because it is 2003, there will be a family there, which means there will be a marriage, which means there will be a marriage in some nearby village, so the people there. Some people had come to visit there, there were decotts, they had killed all the people, it was fine there, as many people had gone up there as during the wedding, because it was a lot of climbing, since then, police also started being deployed there, otherwise there is no other meaning. But one thing is that there was a lot of cleanliness there. There was a lot of cleanliness there. Yes, it was built in Ayodhya. No yes, there was nothing to eat there. Yes, of course there was water. It was kept in pots at one place. So, water was drunk from there. But there was nothing to eat, there was nothing to eat, there were stepped tanks which we read about, let's go for stepped tanks in Vijayanagara Kingdom, there were also stepped tanks, meaning steps, now I am that. I will teach when people come in the batch, then I will tell them more clearly how and what and I will also use pictures. And that Neelkanth Mahadev was slow, so if you see the picture carefully, then I have used the neck of Lord Shiva. I have posted the picture yesterday also, I had done it the day before yesterday too, you can see that there is wet, water keeps coming out from there, water always keeps coming out, I am not saying that I do not believe in it, but something or the other will happen. Because there was a Shivalinga made at another place, just like there is a wall, a Shivalinga was made in the wall and that place was wet, I don't know from where the water was coming from, it was very magnificent, yes, okay, there is something, so they must have taken out something, whoever made it. That only that part was wet, neither above nor below, and Shivalinga was built, that part was wet there, but now this much is meant for now, so many other things might have been destroyed and thrown away and I don't know what might have happened, that thing. There were many stop tanks left there. Pacha Sir, if I don't hear your voice, I don't feel like it. What are you talking about? Let's thank you to everyone, maybe I feel more, if anyone else is lost in emotions, then this is the PPT or PDF. Yes, you can download it from Parmar Telegram and we will go out together. It is okay. The one who will be selected has planned that we will visit Vijayanagar, Vijayanagar, Gwalior Fort, we have read about all the historical places, not Galir. The fort has become Vijayanagar and the lease has become a hole, it has become a hole, and the show has become temples. Brother Yash ji, I told you 71 2171 Yet sir, I have a doubt that what is the difference between economic survey and budget, what is it today? I am going to deal with all these, whatever will happen, it is okay, what will be your lecture today, what time will the lecture be, I am not saying that right now, but yes in some time, I will tell you when it will happen, if it is okay, then you can do that, all the things in that. I will tell you what is Economic Survey or what is Budget, all things are fine, so I have got 21 71 92 done, rest from 96, Oriya was changed to Odia, Oriya was changed to Odia, okay, let's thank you, thanks to everyone, the rest will be found. I have a budget class in the evening, your schedule will be done in a little while, I will share the link with you in half an hour.