Transition in Music Formats: Throughout the 20th century, music distribution evolved from live performances to various formats such as records, cassettes, CDs, and MP3 players.
Launch of iTunes: On January 2001, Apple CEO Steve Jobs announced the launch of iTunes, drastically changing how people consumed music.
Challenges Before iTunes
Burning CDs: Prior to iTunes, people burned CDs onto computers using various programs that restricted quality and speed unless paid for (e.g., RealJukebox, Windows Media Player).
Development of iTunes
Origins: iTunes originated from a digital MP3 player called SoundJam, created by former Apple employees Bill Kincaid and Jeff Robbin.
User Interface: Promoted as the world’s best jukebox software, offering a simple yet powerful interface for organizing and playing digital music.
Features of iTunes
Capabilities: Allowed users to import, play unlimited MP3s, organize collections, create custom CDs, and watch synchronized visual graphics.
Expansion with iPod
Launch of iPod: Introduced less than six months after iTunes, providing a portable way to use iTunes.
Introduction of iTunes Music Store
Launch Date: April 28, 2003.
Significance: Facilitated legal purchase of individual digital tracks for 99 cents, combating digital piracy.
Industry Impact
Music Piracy: Before iTunes Music Store, digital piracy was rampant due to easily burnable CDs and shareable MP3s.
Industry Collaboration: Deals with major record labels allowed music sales through iTunes, benefiting record companies financially.
Evolution
Windows Compatibility: Becoming the most-used digital music manager once available on Windows.
Expansion: Included TV shows, movies, and song prices rose to $1.29.
Legacy and Transition: Although streaming platforms like Pandora and Spotify emerged, iTunes paved the way for digital music distribution. In 2019, iTunes was integrated into Apple Music.
Conclusion
Current Status: iTunes Store remains operational for purchasing digital music, highlighting its lasting impact on music consumption.