I'm your instructor for human physiology. I'm hoping you can see my image up in the corner of this ... recording. This is our opening recording ... for the semester. And I wanted to make sure that you get a chance to see ... me, at least through these ... lectures here first before we went into the lab. In the labs you'll get a chance to see me in person ... and we will be spending a lot of time talking and doing ... hands-On stuff. I'm hoping you take that ... opportunity to call me over so that we can talk about things ... regarding the class, education, and your career moving on. I want to get to know you. I'm hoping I can help you in getting to those career goals ... that you actually have and understand what were we are doing here. I'm hoping. All of you. While you were registering for this class. We're trying to understand, what is human physiology? Before we get into an actual definition. Other, Four-year institutions in past generation, Physiology. was the last Course you took. The last course. And why is that. Because to understand. Physiology You have to understand many of the concepts from ... the other components of science. So you have to understand some physics, you have to understand chemistry. you have to understand some engineering. Try to bring those together. So that you can understand how this system is working So you'll see our definition of a physiology is, "the science that is concerned. With the function of All the living organisms. And the parts that make up that living organism. So we're going to be looking at multiple components of our body. How they work together. And form This system, this body and how it works in ... trying to interact with our environment. to do so As I have here in the. We're going to be pulling together multiple processes. Physical, chemical, you're going to see. You're going to get a chance to learn some Physics, you're going to get a chance to use the chemistry that you were Already exposed to as one of the prerequisites for this class. And for again This course here at city college and for all the the the ... places that you're hoping to use this information. My job is to make sure that you understand the basic ... concept behind this. One of the reasons why even though I told you that you ... probably should understand some physics and genetics ... and all that but it's not a prerequisite. As you move on in your career depending on which ... programs you're moving to they'll ask you to kind of bone ... up on some of those other areas most likely. Let's get started this kind of play with us a little bit. Human physiology and it's the literally the term is to is to ... study nature. To understand how the system works. So keep that in mind. You're going to be seeing multiple things. Well, In dealing with the physiology of the body. I'm hoping most of you realize. We're going to have to build it from the ground. For you to understand this and I'm hoping that you see ... the relationship from the structures that we're going to ... be talking about here. We are going to start by ... talking about cells. We are not going to be just ... talking about there Anatomical structure, we're going to pull those ... anatomical structures together so you can ... understand how a cell is working. Now I'm not going to be able to give you every aspect and ... we're not going to talk about every organelle. we're going to talk about overall basic concepts. Because you should have a general understanding of the ... cell already. So as we talk about cells, A lot of it should be review. We're going to have to take some of those Concepts and expand them. Expand them so that we can take these cells, these structures that we have ... in our in our body and start to build things little things like "tissues". You've heard of the terms already and you've been ... exposed probably to some of them. Muscle tissue and all the different types of muscle ... tissue. smooth muscle. skeletal muscle. cardiac muscle All that. We're going to we're going to be investigating some of ... those tissues again, and getting you to ... understand some of the basic principle associated with ... them. Epithelial cell and Central ... Nervous system tissue others and others. We are going to take Just like we took those cells to build tissues were going to ... take tissues and start to build organs. Organs within our body. I'm hoping already you're starting to see that, well when you looked at cells before or were being taught ... about cells in previous classes, That, what was the structures that ... were inside of a cell that helped it to work? They were called "organelles". Hmmm. I'm hoping you remember that. That you bring that here. Because now we're talkin about. This larger structure. Were talking about your body. Now we're talkin about organs that are helping to ... have, helping it "the body" to survive or deal with the environment. So already I'm hoping you see that That if we understand cells and how they function, By default, we start to understand how, not just how tissues work, but Organs within our body work and overall those organs ... work together to form systems. And how these systems are going to be brought together to have our bodies working the way they do. So if we understand cells, we are going to understand ... how we (our bodies) work. Principles that we talked about with cells, you're going to see, you're going to be replicated ... at every level here that we talked about. At the beginning of the semester I always tell my ... students, It is pretty difficult. Because many of you are learning new Concepts. new new principals. I promise you if you hang and learn those principles at the ... beginning and I mean the principles associated with things, As we move to tissues, organs and the systems of ... the body. Your going to see that stuff ... (principles) replicated. It's going to be easy. it'll be easier. it'll be easier. All right. Hang with me folks. Now I just mentioned all of you that if we understand the cells. And we understand how the principles of how the wall of ... the cell work, of how organelles may be ... working inside of the cell that the principles associated with all of that are going to be replicated as we move up levels, as we move up levels. And us understanding those level, understanding those levels. And seeing them, well If we caused one of those components One of those components of the cell to change, also what it does, All the other parts of the cell to change, as well. Because they are all dependent on each other. Does that make sense to all of you? Well, in that same realm, Our bodies replicate what a cell is like, so that means in our bodies if tissues if organs, if organ systems change their function or, or are altered in a particular way. That means every other part of the body has to change as ... well. why because they're all ... working as one unit. Nobody works in isolation. Is that clear folks? That's going to be a major principles for us in this, In this class. All of this is encompass in this term. This is the term, or this term. and this is the way you pronounce it "Syncytium". Syncytium say it to yourself. Say it the folks that may be sitting behind you as you're ... listening to this lecture. Say it to your family at dinner ... say it to others. Syncytium. Syncytium is an old term. Developed Many many many many many years ago. When, when. Scientists during that age we're looking at a how the heart worked. And you'll see this when we start talking about cardiac ... tissue and the heart in the cardiovascular network. The heart. This just amazing organ. All of the cells literally are tied to each other. connected to each other If one part of it Doesn't work properly or decides to change, and we'll talk about what can cause it to change, The rest of the heart has to change as well. The rest of it has to change in its function So the heart was thought to work as a Syncytium. Many parts working as one one One giant cell even though it's a heart made of billions billions of cells Literally working as one. Syncytium is not just a term we are going to be tying to the heart. The whole body works that way. Any physiological system works that way. Many parts working as one so the one can survive in the environment. Is that clear folks? This is going to be a big part of your vocabulary for this semester OK? Well In this To have this syncytium work We have to have not just cells working with each other. there's rules, there's levels of organization ... there's there's there's regulation, that is associated with this. And so you'll see over the semester we're going to be ... talking about, OK, cells, what are controlling some of ... the functions associated with the cells. Ok some of you have heard about genes and things like ... operons, repressor protein, proteins are going to be huge for us, transcription factors, membrane transport all of ... these are going to be key terms that we utlize to ... understand how cells work. and that will translate to the ... next level, tissues. Those tissues are going to be using all of the same kind of ... regulating mechanism, transcription factor, membrane transport for those cells that make up ... tissues,But now we have to talk about large areas talking ... to other large areas. so now we have to ... incorporate other types of communication. Autocoids, paracrine secretions, and in some cases even though I have it for organ ... system so endocrine and neurotransmitters. so everybody is talking to each other on multiple levels. So everyone is talking to each other. Everybody is talkin to each other. How we doing folks? OK? We're going to end our first little lecture. Mini lecture right there. From here we're going to take it over to the next level and ... start talking about compartment, compartment of the body. So I'll see you here in a little bit hopefully looking at your next lecture. Bye-bye.