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Environmental Impact of Manufacturing

Jun 16, 2025

Overview

This lecture examines the environmental impacts of manufacturing and consumer goods, highlighting key problems and solutions, and stressing consumer responsibility in reducing negative effects.

Environmental Impacts of Manufacturing

  • Manufacturing and consuming goods affect environments and people worldwide.
  • Old manufacturing practices, like dumping waste in waterways, pollute water and harm local communities and wildlife.
  • Recent incidents (e.g., Great Barrier Reef bleaching) show ongoing damage from industrial discharge.
  • Major manufacturing countries, like China, experience severe pollution, impacting public health and life expectancy.

Case Studies: Environmental Consequences

  • Diamond mining in Africa causes environmental destruction (abandoned pits, loss of wildlife, barren land) and supports conflict (blood diamonds).
  • Palm oil production leads to massive deforestation, habitat loss, and biodiversity decline in Malaysia and Indonesia.
  • Electronic waste largely ends up in places like Guangdong, China, where weak regulations cause toxic contamination and health hazards for workers and residents.

Sustainable Solutions in Packaging and Recycling

  • Businesses, such as Vizi, are adopting sustainable packaging and closed-loop recycling practices.
  • Vizi recycles millions of tons of materials (paper, glass, plastics, metals) annually, reducing reliance on natural resources.
  • The recycling process involves sorting, processing, and remanufacturing products like plastic bottles, though only 36% of bottles are recycled in Australia.
  • Improving recycling habits starts with purchasing recyclable products and educating households on proper waste sorting.

Consumer Responsibility and Impact

  • Every product used has an environmental footprint, sometimes catastrophic.
  • Consumers should consider both the origin and disposal of the products they buy.
  • Small actions, such as proper recycling and reducing use of single-use items, collectively make a substantial difference.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Blood Diamonds — Diamonds mined in conflict zones and sold to finance warfare, often with severe human and environmental costs.
  • Palm Oil — An edible oil from certain palm species, widely used in products but linked to deforestation.
  • E-waste — Discarded electronic devices and components, which can pollute soil, water, and air when improperly processed.
  • Closed-loop Recycling — A system where recycled materials are used to make the same or similar products, reducing waste.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Research the origins and impacts of products before purchasing.
  • Buy recyclable and sustainably produced goods whenever possible.
  • Educate yourself and household members on recycling practices.
  • Use the correct recycling bins and try to reuse items like bottles and coffee cups.