Understanding the Three-Act Structure in Screenwriting

Introduction

• The concept of the three-act structure in magic tricks and screenwriting.
• Importance of the three-act structure in Hollywood films.
• Interview with author and story expert K.M. Weiland about the three-act structure.

What is the Three-Act Structure?

• A framework to shape the plot of a story.
• • Act 1: First 25% of the film
  • Act 2: Middle 50% of the film
  • Act 3: Final 25% of the film
• Promotes creativity and resonates with psychological transformation.
• Analogy: comparing story structure to a gift box.

Example: Jurassic Park

• Considered a masterpiece of structure, balancing plot and character.
• Minimal action until the midpoint, focusing on character development first.

Detailed Breakdown of the Three Acts

1. The Hook

• Captivates audience’s interest immediately.
• Raises questions and keeps viewers invested.
• Example: Jurassic Park’s mysterious opening scene with the dinosaur in the cage.

2. The Inciting Event

• Happens about 1/8 into the film.
• Sets the narrative in motion and offers the protagonist the first brush with conflict.
• Stakes must be established beforehand for impact.
• Example: Jurassic Park’s inciting event when Alan and Ellie are invited to visit the island.

3. The First Plot Point

• About 1/4 into the film.
• Marks the transition to the second act— a point of no return.
• The protagonist is fully immersed in the conflict.
• Example: Jurassic Park's first plot point when characters see dinosaurs for the first time.

4. First Pinch Point

• About 3/8 into the film.
• Highlights the antagonistic force and stakes involved.
• Can be subtle or significant turning points.
• Example: Jurassic Park’s tropical storm cutting the tour short.

5. The Midpoint

• Occurs halfway through the film.
• Major story shift, revealing true stakes and forcing character into proactive mode.
• Example: Jurassic Park’s T-Rex escape scene.

6. Second Pinch Point

• About 5/8 into the film.
• Similar to first pinch point in emphasizing antagonistic force.
• Prepares the story for the impending climax.
• Example: Jurassic Park’s Dennis Nedry’s death.

7. The Third Plot Point (Darkest Hour)

• Happens about 3/4 into the film.
• False victory followed by a low moment, setting up the final confrontation.
• Example: Jurassic Park’s power being turned back on and the raptors appearing.

8. The Climax

• FINAL 10% of the film.
• Ultimate confrontation between protagonist and antagonist.
• Should fulfill the character’s arc and main plot goal.
• Example: Jurassic Park’s final battle with the raptors.

9. The Resolution

• Denouement where consequences of the climax are dealt with.
• Often shows character growth and ties up loose ends.
• Example: Jurassic Park’s Alan overcoming his fear of kids and the characters escaping.

Conclusion

• Structure provides a framework that enhances creativity rather than limits it.

• Originality comes from well-realized worlds and great characters, not just following structure.

• Encouragement: Start writing with an understanding of the three-act structure.

Additional Resources

• For full K.M. Weiland interview, check the Studio Binder Academy Channel.
• Use Studio Binder screenwriting software for writing your next great film.