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Understanding the Three-Act Structure in Screenwriting

Jul 17, 2024,

Understanding the Three-Act Structure in Screenwriting

Introduction

  • The concept of the three-act structure in magic tricks and screenwriting.
  • Importance of the three-act structure in Hollywood films.
  • Interview with author and story expert K.M. Weiland about the three-act structure.

What is the Three-Act Structure?

  • A framework to shape the plot of a story.
    • Act 1: First 25% of the film
    • Act 2: Middle 50% of the film
    • Act 3: Final 25% of the film
  • Promotes creativity and resonates with psychological transformation.
  • Analogy: comparing story structure to a gift box.

Example: Jurassic Park

  • Considered a masterpiece of structure, balancing plot and character.
  • Minimal action until the midpoint, focusing on character development first.

Detailed Breakdown of the Three Acts

1. The Hook

  • Captivates audience’s interest immediately.
  • Raises questions and keeps viewers invested.
  • Example: Jurassic Park’s mysterious opening scene with the dinosaur in the cage.

2. The Inciting Event

  • Happens about 1/8 into the film.
  • Sets the narrative in motion and offers the protagonist the first brush with conflict.
  • Stakes must be established beforehand for impact.
  • Example: Jurassic Park’s inciting event when Alan and Ellie are invited to visit the island.

3. The First Plot Point

  • About 1/4 into the film.
  • Marks the transition to the second act— a point of no return.
  • The protagonist is fully immersed in the conflict.
  • Example: Jurassic Park's first plot point when characters see dinosaurs for the first time.

4. First Pinch Point

  • About 3/8 into the film.
  • Highlights the antagonistic force and stakes involved.
  • Can be subtle or significant turning points.
  • Example: Jurassic Park’s tropical storm cutting the tour short.

5. The Midpoint

  • Occurs halfway through the film.
  • Major story shift, revealing true stakes and forcing character into proactive mode.
  • Example: Jurassic Park’s T-Rex escape scene.

6. Second Pinch Point

  • About 5/8 into the film.
  • Similar to first pinch point in emphasizing antagonistic force.
  • Prepares the story for the impending climax.
  • Example: Jurassic Park’s Dennis Nedry’s death.

7. The Third Plot Point (Darkest Hour)

  • Happens about 3/4 into the film.
  • False victory followed by a low moment, setting up the final confrontation.
  • Example: Jurassic Park’s power being turned back on and the raptors appearing.

8. The Climax

  • FINAL 10% of the film.
  • Ultimate confrontation between protagonist and antagonist.
  • Should fulfill the character’s arc and main plot goal.
  • Example: Jurassic Park’s final battle with the raptors.

9. The Resolution

  • Denouement where consequences of the climax are dealt with.
  • Often shows character growth and ties up loose ends.
  • Example: Jurassic Park’s Alan overcoming his fear of kids and the characters escaping.

Conclusion

  • Structure provides a framework that enhances creativity rather than limits it.

  • Originality comes from well-realized worlds and great characters, not just following structure.

  • Encouragement: Start writing with an understanding of the three-act structure.

Additional Resources

  • For full K.M. Weiland interview, check the Studio Binder Academy Channel.
  • Use Studio Binder screenwriting software for writing your next great film.