Helou students here I have a lesson in English for students of class tenth the name of the chapter is not marble nor the gilded monuments this is a very famous poem written by the famous writer of William Shakespeare and I am your tutor Ruchika Gupta so let us see what we will cover in this video here we read the poem and I'll explain it to you and then we'll discuss the important literary devices that have been used in this point so let us begin with the chapter the poem and explanation of not bubble or the gilded monuments not marble nor the gilded monuments of princes shall outlive this powerful rhyme but you shall shine more bright in these contents than unswept stone miss me odd with sluttish time before the explanation let us see the difficult words first of all gilded means covered thinly with gold there are many monuments many famous structures that have been laid with gold that have a layer of gold on it your gilded refers to that the next word is contents contents means this particular poetry unswept stone unswept stone means the dirty statues made of stone when they are not kept clean they are not tidy with the passage of time they become dirty the next word is be smeared miss smeared means dirtied with the poet wants to say that the stone statues have been dirtied with something the next word is sluttish time sluttish time here means the adjectives of sluttish has been given to time what does the adjective of sluttish mean is an immortal person a person who does not have a good moral character so here the poet has referred to time to be a he compares it to a sluttish person now I'll explain the poem to you what the poet William Shakespeare says he says that neither the statues made of marble nor the monuments which have been gilded laid with gold built by the powerful princesses and rulers the rich men they will not outlive this powerful Rhine so he says that this poetry is much more powerful than these statues and monuments and it will outlive them it will remain in this world for a longer time in comparison to the statues and monuments and then he says but you now who is this you you is the poet's beloved the brave man whom the poet wants to praise in this poetry he says that you shall shine more bright in these contents he says that his beloved will shine he shall be praised through this poetry in comparison to the unswept stone which has been dirtied with the passage of time so he says that all the huge statues and monuments which have been built with stone they turn into ruins they get destroyed with the passage of time and that is why he says that time is immoral he says that time is dirty time is bad he gives it a negative quality because with the passage of time the statues and monuments built of stone turn into ruins they get destroyed and that is why Shakespeare says that time is sluttish it is immortal it is bad now let us again summarize the stanza in this stanza Shakespeare says that neither the statues made of marble nor the monuments which have been laid with gold shall outlive this right shall live longer than this powerful poetry and through this powerful poetry Shakespeare's beloved shall remain alive in this world for immemorial time and he says that the stone statues and monuments become dirty thought into ruins with the passage of the immoral time the bad times which ruins these beautiful statues and monuments and converts them into ruins now we move ahead to the next stanza when wasteful war shall statues overturn and broils root out the work of masonry nor Mars his sward nor wars quick fire shall burn the living record of your memory again we will see the meanings first here Broyles means Wars and fights work of masonry refers to the monuments and statues that have been constructed by the Masons so work of masonry refers to the huge monuments and statues the next word is quick fire quick fire means the intense fire of the wars the destructive fire the living record of your memory refers to this piece of poetry now here the next cause of destruction of the statues and monuments is war Shakespeare says that words are wasteful they are useless because they lead to destruction he says that due to these words all the statues are overturned they are destroyed and all these wars and fights root out means totally and totally destroy these beautiful works of masonry this beautiful creations created by the Masons what are these beautiful creations created by the Masons the monuments and statues then he says nor Mars who is Mars Mars is the God of War so here Shakespeare is referring to a historical personality that is Mars the God of War he says that Mars who is very powerful the god of wars even his word and neither the wars quick-fire that is the intense fire of the war so he says that neither the sword of Mars nor the intense fire of the war are so powerful that they can burn this living record of your memory that is this poetry so Shakespeare talks to his beloved he says that the wars are destructive they are wasteful they are useless because they overturn all these beautiful statues they destroy them all these wars and fights and the beautiful creations done by the Masons but he says on the other hand even the powerful food of Mars or the intense fire of the war cannot destroy cannot burn this poetry so he says that through this poetry his beloved shall be praised and his praise shall be read for generations to come so that is the power of this poetry that Shakespeare wants to refer to now we move ahead to the next stanza here he says gainst death and all of Libya's enmity shall you pace forth your praise shall still find room even in the eyes of all posterity that where this world out to the ending doom again the difficult words first gainst overhear means against the next word is oblivious enmity oblivious enmity means the undisclosed enemies about whom you do not know the next word is shall still find room that means shall be praised he wants to say that his beloved shall be praised the next word is posterity posterity means the future generations the generations to come where this world out to the ending doom this means that it will remain in the world till the end of the world so in this stanza what Shakespeare is saying he says that even in the face of death that means even after the death of the beloved and even in the face of any undisclosed or unknown enemies the beloved child pays forth that is the praise of the beloved shall remain a life and he shall be praised even in the eyes of all posterity that is all the future generations who will read this poem they will praise Shakespeare's beloved and he says that this shall be done till the end of the world so he says that all the future generations that will live in the world till the end of the world shall read this poetry and through this poetry Shakespeare's beloved shall be praised even after his death and even in the face of any unknown enemy so what Shakespeare is doing in this poem he is trying to identify the power of his poetry and he wants to say that his poetry is very powerful and it is eternal now we move on to the next stanza so tell the judgment that your self arise you live in this and dwell in the lovers eyes here the judgment refers to the Judgment Day that is a concept in Christianity now what is the Judgment Day according to Christianity religion it is said that on the day of the judgment Jesus Christ will descend on the earth he will come down upon the earth and all the dead people will come out of their graves and then Jesus Christ will decide that what kind of deeds have these people done in their lives and according to their deeds he will give them either hell or heaven the next word is arise arise means to come out of your grave so he's telling his beloved that till the day of the judgement when you will come out of your grave well means to live so in these lines Shakespeare is saying that till the day of judgment when Jesus Christ with himself decide that what kind of Acts Shakespeare's beloved has done and for that day the beloved will come out of his grave to attend the judgement till then the beloved will live through this poetry and he shall live in the lovers eyes that is in Shakespeare's eyes and in the eyes of the reader who will read this poetry and praise Shakespeare's beloved so Shakespeare is saying that till the day of the judgement when Jesus Christ will himself decide the deeds of his beloved were good or bad till that day the beloved shall be praised through this poetry and everyone who reads this poetry will remember him and praise his good deeds so with this this poem comes to an end now we will discuss the literary devices which have been used in this poem first of all there is alliteration what is alliteration it is the repetition of a speech sound in a sequence of nearby words usually the term is applied only to consonant sounds and only when the recurrent sound is made forceful because it begins the word or a stressed syllable within it examples of alliteration are shall shine here in both these words they start with the sound sure so this is an attrition the repetition of a consonant sound another example is when wasteful wars in these three words were sound is repeated this is also an attrition the next device used is personification it is termed as either an inanimate object or an abstract concept spoken off as though it was supplied with life or with human attributes or feelings when you personify any nonliving object or any abstract concept and you treat it as if it is a living thing that is called personification so here in this poem when the poet refers to time as sluttish he compares time with is an immoral person and so Shakespeare is personified time the next device is repetition this is done to create a musical effect and create unity in the beasts these words shall and nor have been repeated many times in the poem the next device is epithet epithet is an adjective or ejectable phrase used to describe a distinctive quality of a person or thing when such an adjective is used she describes a very distinct quality of a person or thing that is an epithet examples are sluttish used for time the smear'd used for statues and these 'full used for wars the next device is illusion illusion is an indirect reference or suggestion to a well-known person place or thing when you refer to any well-known historical or important person place or thing in the poetry that is allusion example is when Shakespeare refers to Mars that is the God of War this is the use of illusion the next thing is when he says the judgment that is the day of judgment this is a particular day referred to in the Christianity religion both these are usage of illusion then there is imagery imagery is the use of descriptive language to appeal any of the five senses that means it can be visual imagery sound imagery it can appeal to any of the five senses of humans examples are Strutter SH the smeared and wasteful so with this we come to an end if you want to see the background of this poem and the summary that have been discussed in another video the link is given in the description box thank you