Giving Birth: The Signs and Stages of Labour

Overview

• Giving birth is a natural and unique process for every woman.
• Important to understand the stages of labour and available options for support.
• The experience can vary even for the same woman in different pregnancies.

Stages of Labour

Stage 1: Getting Ready

• Early Labour (Warming up):

  • Begins hormonally with oxytocin.
  • Can last several days.
  • Signs include:
    • A show: Discharge indicating cervix opening.
    • Waters breaking: Can be a slow leak or gush.
    • Cramping similar to period pain, signaling contractions.
  • Labour begins with regular, strong contractions.
  • Contractions help open and prepare the birth canal.

• Active Labour (Increasing intensity):

  • Cervix dilates from 4cm to 7cm.
  • Contractions become stronger, closer, and more regular.
  • Might experience leg cramps, nausea, and back pressure.
  • Possible to request an epidural during this stage.

• Transition (Nearly there):

  • Cervix dilates from 8cm to 10cm.
  • Most intense stage, lasts 15 to 60 minutes.
  • Contractions are strongest and most painful.
  • Focus on breathing, remain upright, and seek partner support.

Stage 2: It's Time to Push

• Cervix fully dilated at 10cm.
• Pushing stage lasts 1-2 hours.
• Experience a surge of energy and urge to push.
• Work with contractions and avoid yelling.
• Choose comfortable birthing position, utilize gravity, and rest between contractions.

Stage 3: The Final Step

• After the baby is born, the placenta is expelled.
• Contractions are weaker than in earlier stages.
• Decision on placenta disposal (cultural practices).

Tips for a Positive Birthing Experience

• Choose the birthing method that feels right for you (homebirth, hospital, epidural, etc.).
• Ensure a supportive team is present during birth.
• Be flexible with the birth plan.

Additional Resources

• PlunketLine support and antenatal classes available.
• Find Your Midwife resource for choosing a compatible midwife.

Contact Information

• PlunketLine: 0800 933 922
• Appointments and enquiries: 0800 184 803
• Donations and support available through Plunket.