Notes on Thomas Paine's Common Sense

Introduction

• Author: Thomas Paine (1737-1809), originally from England.
• Context: Arrived in Philadelphia in 1774 amid rising colonial tensions with England.
• Became a key propagandist for American independence.
• Publication: "Common Sense" (1776) - a pivotal pamphlet arguing for independence, praised by figures like John Adams.

Key Arguments in "Common Sense"

Present State of American Affairs

• Paine emphasizes the need for clear reasoning and the abandonment of prejudice.
• Asserts that the debate period is over; warfare is the current state.

Critique of Temporary Measures

• Quotes Mr. Pelham, critiquing short-term thinking.
• Warns against colonies adopting a fatalistic approach.

Importance of the Cause

• Describes the conflict as a major historical event involving an entire continent.
• Emphasizes the long-term impact on future generations.
• Suggests the current period is critical for building unity and honor.

Transition from Argument to Arms

• Frames the shift to armed conflict as a new era in politics.
• Prior efforts for union with Great Britain via force or friendship have failed.

Examination of Reconciliation

• Debunks the notion that past connections with Britain guarantee future prosperity.
• Argues that America has thrived due to its own resources, not British support.

Criticism of British Protection

• Challenges the idea that Britain's protection was altruistic.
• Asserts that Britain's motives were self-interested, aimed at trade and control.

Misguided Notions of Kinship

• Dismisses the claim that colonies are only related through Britain.
• Refutes the idea of Britain as the 'parent' country.
• Emphasizes America's European roots and the pursuit of liberty as driving forces for settlement.

Conclusion

• Paine advocates for independence, citing the flawed relationship with Britain.
• He uses logical arguments to appeal for self-determination and to dissuade from clinging to the past ties with Britain.