Dental Anatomy Lecture Series: Introduction

Introduction

• Video sponsored by bootcamp.com for INBDE Prep
• Dr. Ryan presents the dental anatomy series focusing on teeth structure and function.

Overview of Adult Teeth

• Permanent Dentition: Adults usually have 32 permanent teeth.
• Tooth Arches: Upper arch (maxillary) and Lower arch (mandibular).
  • Anterior Teeth: Front six teeth in both arches.
  • Posterior Teeth: All teeth behind the anterior teeth.
• Types of Teeth:
  • Incisors: Front four teeth, used for cutting food. Important for aesthetics and phonetics (F and V sounds).
  • Canines: Located near the mouth corners, called "eye teeth" due to alignment with the eyes. Used for tearing.
  • Molars and Premolars: Chewing, grinding, and milling food. Premolars contribute less due to smaller size.

Tooth Naming Conventions

• Naming based on arch (maxillary or mandibular), side (right or left), and type of tooth.
• Example: Tooth #8 is the maxillary right central incisor.

Tooth Features and Views

• Facial View: Labial (anterior teeth) or Buccal (posterior teeth).
• Lingual Aspect: Palatal for maxillary teeth.
• Mesial and Distal Aspects
• Biting Surface: Incisal (anterior) or Occlusal (posterior).
• Internal Views: Cross-section of the crown or root.

Key Terms and Definitions

• Cusp: Pointed or rounded elevation on the crown.
• Tubercle: Small enamel elevation, deviation from normal.
• Lobe: Center of calcification forming tooth divisions.
• Mammalons: Bumps on incisal edges, indicative of anterior open bite if persistent.
• Imbrication Lines: Ridges on the labial surface due to enamel deposition.
• Perikymata: Grooves between imbrication lines.
• Height of Contour: Widest part of a tooth surface.
• Proximal Contact: Area of contact between adjacent teeth.
• Embrasure: V-shaped space around teeth.

Surface Features

• Grooves: Linear depressions; developmental are large, supplemental are shallow.
• Fossa: Shallow depression at groove coalescence.
• Fissure: Deep groove from imperfect lobe union.
• Pit: Point depression where grooves meet.
• Ridge: Linear enamel elevation.
• Cingulum: Convex ridge on the lingual surface of anterior teeth.

Root Features

• Apex: Tip of the tooth root.
• Apical Foramen: Opening for nerves and blood vessels.
• Furcation: Branching point of multi-rooted teeth.
• CEJ (Cemento-Enamel Junction): Junction between cementum and enamel.
• Root Trunk: Area between CEJ and furcation.

General Trends and Features

• Missing Teeth: Third molars, mandibular second premolars, maxillary laterals.
• Tallest Crowns: Mandibular canines, maxillary centrals, maxillary canines.
• Width Characteristics:
  • All teeth except maxillary incisors and mandibular molars are wider facial-lingually.
• Height of Contour Locations:
  • Facial in cervical third except mandibular molars.
  • Lingual in cervical third for anterior, middle for posterior; exception mandibular second premolars in occlusal third.
• Crown and Root Trends: Crown heights decrease distally; root trunk lengths increase.
• Embrasure Size: Lingual larger than facial.

Conclusion

• Ready to discuss each tooth in detail in following videos.
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