Study Guide for Exam 2

Long Essay (50 points)

• Two questions will be on the exam; answer one.
• Key elements:
  • Complete answer: Thesis, argument, addresses every aspect.
  • Accuracy: Correct information and order.
  • Detail: Specific evidence, names, and dates.

Question 1: Federal Government under the Articles of Confederation

• Structure under Articles of Confederation:
  • Unicameral legislature (Continental Congress).
  • No executive or judicial branches.
  • Equal state representation (one vote per state).
• Powers and Limits:
  • Powers: Foreign affairs, treaties, army/navy.
  • Limits: No taxes, commerce regulation, or law enforcement.
• Reasons for Stronger Government:
  • Economic disarray: No tax power, state-issued currency.
  • Shays’ Rebellion: Highlighted federal weaknesses.
  • Interstate conflicts: Trade disputes, tariffs.
• Constitutional Changes:
  • Bicameral legislature, executive (President), and judiciary.
  • Broader powers: Taxation, commerce, standing army.
• Compromises:
  • Great Compromise: Bicameral legislature.
  • Three-Fifths Compromise: Slavery representation/taxation.
  • Slave Trade Compromise: Continuation of slave trade for 20 years.

Question 2: Women's Place in Society (Early 19th Century)

• Laws and Practices:
  • Coverture: Subsumed rights of married women under husbands.
  • Education: Limited, domestic-focused.
  • Voting: Women could not vote.
  • Domestic roles: Household management, child-rearing.
• Economic and Social Changes:
  • Industrial Revolution: Factory work, economic independence.
  • Urbanization: Social engagement opportunities.
  • Education: Women's colleges, intellectual growth.
  • Social reforms: Abolition, temperance movements.
• Writings of Beecher and Stanton:
  • Catherine Beecher: Education for women, traditional roles.
  • Elizabeth Cady Stanton: Equality, women’s rights (Seneca Falls).

Question 3: Indigenous Resistance Strategies

• Tenskwatawa and Tecumseh:
  • Spiritual and cultural revival.
  • Multi-tribal alliances.
  • Military organization and diplomatic efforts.
• Cherokee Strategies:
  • Legal: Worcester v. Georgia case.
  • Cultural assimilation: Written constitution, syllabary.
  • Political mobilization: Delegations to Washington, D.C.

Short Essay (30 points)

• Three questions on exam; answer one.

Question 1: State Problems Leading to New Government

• Economic disarray, Shays’ Rebellion, lack of cohesive foreign policy.

Question 2: Impact of Revolutionary War on Slavery

• Regional differences, slavery compromises in the Constitution.

Question 3: Danger of Political Parties

• Division, partisanship, alternative of non-partisan governance.

Question 4: Women’s Status in Late Colonial/Early Republican Period

• Legal status, education, economic opportunities.

Question 5: Cherokee Land Strategies in Georgia

• Civilization program, Cherokee nationalism, legal action.

Terms to Know

• Articles of Confederation, Shays’ Rebellion, James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, among others.
• Legal and cultural terms: Coverture, dower, influential figures like Abigail Adams, Catherine Beecher.
• Indigenous leaders and policies: Tenskwatawa, Tecumseh, Worcester v. Georgia.