hey everybody doctor Oh again in this video in a couple cover a couple more terms that are very important to understanding where when and how diseases spread or the occurrence of disease so we're going to talk about sporadic diseases endemic diseases epidemic diseases and pandemic diseases let's start with sporadic diseases these are ones that only occur occasionally they kind of pop up there's no geographical location associated with them so I would say tetanus rabies even the plague are examples of sporadic diseases so you might see just a handful of cases popping up again with no like geographical boundaries so that's a sporadic disease an endemic disease is a disease that's constantly present in the population so sadly the first thing that comes to mind would be malaria in some parts of Africa it is just endemic to those regions it's always there same thing with HIV infection and let's say sub-saharan Africa alright so those are examples of endemic diseases that are constantly present in a population epidemic diseases are diseases that just explode even in a given area in a short period of time so it could be a very small area like a single town having some sort of an outbreak or it could be a much larger area but those are epidemic so diseases that that explode and increase in number or incidents very quickly so I think what may be your flu seasons generally might be an epidemic like I was just reading something about Australia's flu season ending I'm recording this video and heading into winter where I live in South Dakota and Australia's flu season is gone already but then we'll we'll take our turn and we'll have our flu season so maybe we'll have an epidemic flu season here where I live so that would be an epidemic disease and then a pandemic disease would be a worldwide epidemic so speaking of the flu the flu pandemic of 1918 killed 30 to 50 million humans 600,000 Americans so that was a worldwide epidemic that was that was affecting everyone in over a relatively short period of time alright so sporadic diseases they just pop up sporadically like name implies endemic diseases are constantly present epidemic diseases you see an explosion in number of a disease a given area and again that could be a continent or a city pandemic diseases would be worldwide epidemics alright I hope this helps have a wonderful day be blessed