Overview
This lecture introduces the Baroque period in music (1600–1750), covering its historical context, key composers, major instruments, and related assignments.
The Baroque Period
- The Baroque period occurred between the Renaissance and Classical eras, from 1600 to 1750.
- "Baroque" means extravagant, ornate, and detailed, reflected in art, fashion, and architecture of the time.
- The era was marked by significant social, scientific, and artistic changes.
Baroque Music and Culture
- Chamber music was central to social and family life, with families gathering to play and sing together.
- The harpsichord, an instrument with plucked strings, was popular before the piano became widespread.
- Although the piano was invented around 1700, it gained popularity during the Classical period, not the Baroque.
Notable Baroque Composers
- Antonio Vivaldi, an Italian composer and violinist known for "The Four Seasons," was called the "Red Priest."
- George Frideric Handel, a German-born composer who spent most of his life in England, was famous for oratorios and operas, especially "The Messiah."
- Johann Sebastian Bach, from a musical family, became a renowned composer and organist, known for his dedication and skill.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Baroque — a style and period known for its ornamentation, grandeur, and detail, spanning 1600–1750.
- Chamber Music — music composed for and performed by small ensembles, often in homes.
- Harpsichord — a keyboard instrument where strings are plucked, commonly used before the piano.
- Concerto — a musical work typically composed in three parts or movements, featuring a solo instrument accompanied by an orchestra.
- Oratorio — a large musical composition for orchestra, choir, and soloists, usually with a religious theme.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Answer one of the following questions for class discussion: What is a concerto? Why do people stand for the "Hallelujah Chorus"? Who wrote "Soli Deo Gloria" on all his works?
- Explore more about the Baroque period and its composers.