Lecture Notes: Proofreading and Student Writing

Introduction

• Focus on the importance of proofreading in writing.
• Proofreading is the final step after planning and writing.
• Essential for correcting formatting, word choice, and inclusion of correct information.
• Even simple communications, like emails, should be proofread.

Stages of Writing

1. Planning
   • Determine what to write.
2. Writing
   • Compose the document.
3. Proofreading
   • Check for errors and consistency.

Importance of Proofreading

• Ensures correctness in any written work.
• Avoids errors that can impact the reader’s perception.
• Professors prefer early submissions, which allows time for proofreading.

Proofreading Techniques

• Look beyond grammar and punctuation.
  • Check all aspects including formatting.
• Consistency is key.
  • Justification should be uniform (preferably left justified).
  • Fonts and formatting should remain consistent throughout the document.

Common Errors in Student Writing

• Justification and Alignment
  • Inconsistent paragraph alignment (full vs. left justification).
  • Use word processor tools to fix justifications.
• Font Consistency
  • Inconsistent fonts used within the same document.
  • Standardize to a preferred font like Times New Roman.
• Indentation Issues
  • Use consistent indentation; avoid manual spacing.
  • Set indents using paragraph formatting tools.

Detailed Proofreading

• Word Choice and Grammar
  • Ensure the correct use of words (e.g., 'therefore' vs 'there for').
  • Avoid homophones and near-homophones errors.
• Sentence Structure
  • Avoid starting sentences with conjunctions (and, or, but).
  • Use replacements like 'additionally', 'however'.
• Section Headings
  • Avoid overly large fonts; use bold formatting for emphasis.
  • Introduction heading is traditionally omitted as it’s assumed to start the document.

Writing for the Naive Reader

• Explain concepts without assuming prior knowledge.
• Avoid jargon without explanation.

Recommendations for Effective Proofreading

• Spend significant time on proofreading—often more than writing.
• Print the document for a different perspective.
• Look for logical flow, correct information placement, and article usage.
• Model writing on native examples for better article and grammar usage.

Conclusion

• Proofreading is crucial for all types of writing.
• Improvements in writing quality can significantly affect perception and grading.
• Consistent practice and thorough checking can lead to better writing outcomes.

Study Tip: Regularly proofread your work by developing a checklist to ensure all aspects, from formatting to word choice, are consistent and correct.