Overview
This lecture introduces key considerations for selecting computer hardware, explores the value of ICT (Information and Communication Technology), and discusses trends in new technology.
Hardware Considerations When Buying a Computer
- Determine if you need a mobile or desktop computer based on your usage.
- Identify the primary tasks and software the computer will need to handle.
- Match hardware specifications (processor, RAM, storage) to your needs and budget.
- Decide on the appropriate operating system and check if it's included.
- The most important hardware components are the processor (CPU), RAM, and storage drive.
Key Hardware Components
- The processor (CPU) runs programs and processes data; speed measured in gigahertz (GHz) and core count affects performance.
- AMD processors are generally preferred for gaming; Intel is common for general use.
- RAM (memory) temporarily stores data for programs; more RAM improves multitasking and performance.
- To use more than 4GB RAM, a 64-bit operating system is required.
- Hard drives (HDD) provide permanent storage; capacity, speed (RPM), and type (SATA, SSD) impact performance.
- SSDs are faster and have no moving parts; combining SSD and HDD can optimize speed and storage.
- Graphics cards (GPUs) handle video output; dedicated cards are necessary for gaming or video editing.
- Optical drives (DVD/CD) are rarely needed, as most data transfer is done via the internet or external drives.
- Ports (USB, HDMI, etc.) enable connection to peripherals; ensure there are enough for your needs.
External Devices and Peripherals
- Choose input devices (mouse, keyboard) based on ergonomics and use case (wired, wireless).
- Monitors come in various sizes and qualities; more demanding users may require multiple or high-refresh-rate monitors.
- Printers can print, scan, copy, and fax; select based on color/quality needs and type of user (mobile, office).
- External storage (flash drive, external HDD) is useful for transferring and backing up data.
- Scanners and barcode readers are typically needed by businesses or users converting documents to digital format.
- Devices for disabled users (e.g., specialized keyboards/mice) increase accessibility.
The Value and Impact of ICT
- ICT improves efficiency, productivity, and accuracy in tasks.
- Hardware choice is influenced by ICT needs, such as data entry, video editing, or document conversion.
- ICT increases accessibility (distance education, online banking, remote surgery) across the globe.
Trends in New Technology
- New technology aims to be smaller, cheaper, faster, and more powerful.
- Emphasis on longer battery life, mobility, constant connectivity, and multi-sensory input/output.
- Devices are increasingly designed for ease of use and integration of multiple technologies.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Processor (CPU) — Central Processing Unit, the main chip that processes instructions and runs programs.
- RAM — Random Access Memory, temporary storage for data in use.
- Hard Drive (HDD/SSD) — Permanent storage device; SSDs use flash memory for faster speed.
- Graphics Card (GPU) — Hardware for rendering images and video.
- ICT — Information and Communication Technology, use of technology for handling information and communication.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review hardware needs based on your intended computer use.
- Make a list of required and desired hardware specifications before purchasing a computer.
- Prepare questions regarding hardware for further discussion or research.