Genetics Section 11.1: Turner Syndrome Mnemonic

Overview

• Turner Syndrome is presented through a story set in a mythical forest.
• Features a hobbit-like character and other symbolic elements to help memorize characteristics of Turner Syndrome.

Key Points

Lymphatic System

• Symbol: Canopy of spider webs
• Details:
  • Represents lymphatic system with lymph nodes.
  • Lymphatic blockage in neck region leads to cystic hygroma (fluid-filled neck bulge).
  • Webbing symbolizes webbed necks and lymphatic blockage.
  • Large hands and feet indicate lymphedema (swelling).

Human Hero and "T" Symbolism

• Character: Human hero riding a horse with a sling weapon.
• Symbolism: Sling resembles a "T" – mnemonic for Turner Syndrome.

Aortic Arch Symbolism

• Symbol: Arching tree resembling the aortic arch.
• Details:
  • Bicuspid aortic valves instead of the usual three cusps.
  • Aortic coarctation indicated by tiny spot on tree.
  • Associated symptoms:
    • Reduced blood flow and lower pressure in legs.
    • Higher pressure in arms due to blood buildup.

Villain - The Spider

• Symbol: Giant spider knocked against the aortic tree.
• Role: Villain to tie the image together, adding to the theme.

Short Stature and Lymphedema

• Symbol: Smaller hobbit-like creature with big hands and feet.
• Represents: Short stature and lymphedema in Turner Syndrome.

Genotype Mnemonic

• Game: Tic-tac-toe with X and O.
• Represents: 45 X0 genotype of Turner Syndrome.

Ovarian Dysgenesis

• Symbol: Smashed spider eggs.
• Represents: Dysfunctional ovaries unable to produce healthy eggs.
  • Results in low estrogen, leading to high FSH and LH levels.

Shield-Shaped Chest

• Symbol: Shield over the smaller hobbit-like creature's chest.
• Represents: Turner Syndrome’s shield-shaped chest (widely spaced nipples, broad chest).

Horseshoe Kidney

• Symbols:
  • Patch of kidney beans with horseshoes.
  • Road shaped like a horseshoe.
• Represents: Horseshoe-shaped kidney in Turner Syndrome.

Conclusion

• The mnemonic ties together various symptoms and aspects of Turner Syndrome through a creative, symbolic narrative in a mythical forest setting.