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Basics of Backend Development

Apr 29, 2025

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Ultimate Back-End Course

Introduction

  • This is a back-end course that starts from scratch.
  • The main objective of back-end development is to understand the interaction between the server and the database.
  • Through this course, you will be able to write your own back-end applications.

Back-End Development

  • The back-end is the part we cannot see on the website.
  • It focuses on server-side programming.
  • JavaScript is used for back-end through Node.js.
  • MERN Stack: MongoDB, Express.js, React, and Node.js.

Server and Database

  • A server is a computer system that provides data to clients.
  • A database is used to store and manage the collection of data.

Introduction to Node.js

  • A JavaScript runtime environment that allows JavaScript to be run on the server-side.
  • A web server can be created with Node.js.

Express.js

  • Express is a framework that simplifies working with Node.js.
  • Provides shortcuts for server creation, routing, and middleware.

HTTP Methods

  • GET: To retrieve data.
  • POST: To create new data.
  • PUT: To update existing data.
  • DELETE: To remove data.

RESTful API

  • Establishing communication between server and client through API.
  • Data exchange in JSON format.

CORS Error and Solution

  • CORS (CORS): Policy for Cross-Origin Resource Sharing.
  • CORS errors are handled through third-party middleware.

Usage of MongoDB

  • NoSQL database where data is stored in JSON format.
  • Mongoose: ODM library for MongoDB and Node.js.

Data Operations

  • Create: Creating new users.
  • Read: Retrieving user data.
  • Update: Updating data.
  • Delete: Deleting data.

Middleware

  • Code that runs between request and response.
  • Custom, built-in, and third-party middleware.

Status Codes

  • 200: OK
  • 201: Created
  • 400: Bad Request
  • 404: Not Found
  • 500: Server Error

Headers

  • Additional information that goes along with requests/responses.

File Structure

  • Organizing files professionally into separate folders for routes, models, configs, and controllers.

Authentication

  • The next step for user verification.

Note: These notes are to understand the basics of back-end development. Each topic is covered in detail so that you can apply them in your projects.

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