Transcript for:
Hierarchy in Design

and in today's video you're going to learn  what hierarchy is how it's used as an expert   designer and also you're going to learn some  Secrets along the way now hierarchy is one   of the main fundamental design principles and  as a designer hierarchy is so important as it   creates order of importance within the design  elements and it also directs attention whilst   making information easy to understand by the  viewer and don't worry I'm going to explain   everything in detail so you understand fully  what hierarchy is and why you should be using it   so the three-stage process of marketing hierarchy  is as follows attract which is bringing in the   viewer Intrigue which is spiking the interest  and then delivering the message these are the   three steps a viewer will go through when viewing  an effective design and that viewer is probably   won't even be aware that it's happening  but let's take a look at an example that   explains this process this Adidas poster is a  prime example of this Triad of marketing High   the shoe and the paint splash across the shoe is  the initial aspects that will grab the attention   of most viewers this is the thing that will draw  them into the design secondly the quote time to   change up will create some kind of intrigue  and interest in that person and this is going   to hold them long enough so they want to read on  in the design and then below we have the message   delivery the design is literally a visual trap  in some aspects because it draws you in makes   you interested and then you've read the message  the designer wanted you to read all because of hierarchy when using hierarchy on your designs  you will probably use several different versions   of it on one single design here are a few of  the main ways to use hierarchy so firstly color   is highly important and it is a great way to  attract or to place things in an order there   is actually a cards that places color in order  from the ones that are most attention grabbing   all the way down to the ones that are less  attention seeking Now red is a color at the   front of this chart cuz it's the color your eyes  will go to first and foremost this is the reason   for notifications and alerts often being red  or orange on app design now you can drill the   viewer's attention to a specific area through  color alone one common tactic is to have a dull   even grayscale design with one single element  in color as you can see here another common but   essential hierarchy method is to leverage the  use of size the larger something is on a design   the more important it's going to appear it's  also the first thing the eye will actually see   and view when someone's looking at your work  and so it can be used as the first part of a   hierarchy process that we spoke about earlier  and that is the attract phase you will often   see this in advertising campaigns for say cell  phones or watches that to pick their product as   a huge part of the design a kind of focal point  and this is often where the consumer will begin   their Journey whilst viewing the design size is  also very important when concerning hierarchy   of typography you will see this on magazines  advertising campaigns posters and even website   design main headings will be large and often  just a couple of words or a short sentence   this can be the attraction phase then we have the  secondary heading that might cause the intrigue   and then the smaller text which is often the  body text or the message so as you can see   typography fits nicely into this three-stage  process of marketing hierarchy and I'm sure   you've seen it pretty much everywhere color of  typography is also a great method as seen here   in this Nike advert having text different sizes  and also weights would also look 10 times better   on a design as opposed to everything being  the same appearance in terms of typography [Music] now a lack of visual hierarchy is a big one  now sometimes designers fail to establish a   clear visual hierarchy on their layout and again  just a design that is too cramped almost as if   you're trying to suffocate the viewer with no  white space and come on we don't want to commit   design homicide now do we no instead here's  how you can Rectify these issues with ease so   yeah first establish clear hierarchy organize  content elements in an order of hierarchy and   that's easier said than done right but actually  it's not that difficult just think of the most   important information on your design and then give  that prominence use visual cues like size color   and topography to guide the viewer's attention and  indicate the relative importance of each element   but then you want to create visual Pathways so  design the layout to create a natural visual   pathway that leads a viewer's eye through  the content in a logical and intuitive   manner arrange your elements sequentially  following the natural reading order and use   visual cues like lines or directional elements  to connect related content and then you want to   simplify navigation keep navigation elements  simple and intuitive and this ensures that   viewers can easily navigate through your  layouts without confusion use Clear lay   and use consistent placement for navigation  buttons or links and avoid cluttering the   layouts with unnecessary navigation options  you can even use subtle cues like an arm   pointing or a bird spreading its wings in  a direction to the next Port of Call and so on so we have a nice blank canvas and let's add  in some buildings right here now according to   basic hierarchy bigger objects are noticed first  and thus more important and yes yes if we add in   some text here that is true but here there  is a cool hierarchy based trick at play so   when you have your most dominant visual assets  you can sometimes use leading lines to point to   the next important visual asset as you can see  these buildings pointing right up to the text   and then here on this design the depth of fied  lines draw the viewer right into the secondary   hierarchy asset now it doesn't look too shabby but  the typography on the back Lacks hierarch the tip   here is that you should remember that hierarchy  of typography is super super important and often   it can completely make or break a design here we  used hierarchy of color and size and we kept the   alignment to the left and then this design is  slightly different again I think I prefer the   former but yeah always bring hierarchy to your  text if in doubt think of hierarchy in terms of   three layers of importance so here we have the  main focal point as one the second secondary   section of hierarchy as two and then the third one  here we can also break down the single page into   its own three layers of importance when you think  about hierarchy in these three layers you start   to see in a lot of designs pretty much everywhere  and you can see that here on these Pinterest ads   on this poster the Moon is totally unique in color  from anything else it's a focal point and then the   first moon word is orange which then we naturally  move downwards to the bottom section where there's   more orange hierarchy of color is a great way to  guide your viewers and also organize the design   this illustration has five objects the focal  point the largest and five is an odd number but   if you drop down to four objects the composition  then becomes a lot more difficult to make appear   visually appealing even if we make a different  layout things just don't look as good as having   an odd number of objects this rule works really  well with a single dominant object of hierarchy the first golden technique will actually lay the  foundation for making your next project totally   awesome so when you have your Design Concepts  and your ideas finalized in your mind it's   probably time to think about the three flow  rule the three components of the three flow   rule that you need to ask yourself are one where  are the viewer's eyes initially going to land on   your design two where is the likely second place  the viewer eye will actually move two and three   where will the viewer's eye finally finish  up seems pretty simple right it is yeah but   it's a really fundamental way to make good and  effective designs each and every time this pet   play feed poster starts the journey with the  Bold white topography for the starting point   then the parrot for the secondary stop off and  then the information to the left for the final   end to the viewer's journey will every single  person view this design in this way no of course   not but it's actually a streamlined Avenue that  most viewers will be able to use and a way they   can obtain information from your design easily  and this leads me nicely onto the next technique   in today's video the vast majority of designs will  Loosely use one of two techniques to form a basis   of hierarchy especially in the Western World the  F pattern suggests viewers start their journey in   the top left of a design because that's a natural  way that a lot of people tend to read a book left   to right then they move over to the right and  then below that most content will be aligned   to the left and extend out towards the right  the second method is the Zed or the Z pattern   depending on where you're from again we start in  the top left then we move over to the right but   this time we go diagonally down to the bottom left  and then finally over to the bottom right this is   the instinctive way that most people will View and  actually look at a design and so by knowing this   alone you can then apply hierarchy to your designs  accordingly which we're going to look at right now   now you could have absolutely nothing in the top  left or top right but have a focal point in the   very center and then the viewer will scan from  the top left and then move down into the middle   then perhaps move to the bottom left and then  finish in the bottom right where maybe a link   or a contact might be this still follows both of  these patterns if you actually think about it of   course these are just templates to keep in mind  when you're designing something they're actually   just there for you to use in conjunction with  hierarchy to build a framework of your designs and   speaking of more techniques what about something  that people think is so obvious and so easy to   do but which they often don't apply properly in  graphic design size is probably the easiest way to   achieve hierarchy right simply because the viewer  will notice it in a millisecond and it just stands   out so easily but here's a really good way for  structuring that hierarchy in terms of size and   all you have to do is think of these three levels  so we have one the hook two the secondary detail   and three The Finisher if your design is about a  product then the hero of the design will actually   be that product itself as you can see here the  drink is the focal point and it's the largest on   the design it's that initial hook however if we  look here the focal point is more of an artistic   visual Hook and the important information would  be the dates and the location of this event so try   and make the hook on your design the largest  and it doesn't have to be the most important   thing but a lot of the time it will be then  secondary detail is second largest and finally   the smaller sections are where you want the viewer  to finish and actually take in crucial information   this would also be where your ctas go so once a  viewer is actually hooked onto your design from   afar then they start to go on that journey across  your design then they should finish the important   information this logic works really well when you  combine it with the Zed and the F patterns from   earlier so there's actually a really neat trick  that you can use with hierarchy when you have   grouped objects on your design now if you place  one of the objects larger and in the center of   a group with then equal sets of other objects  either side then automatically stands out and   creates hierarchy however if we arrange the  objects differently the level of hierarchy   will be diminished now one mistake I see time and  time again relates to the next Golden technique of   visual hierarchy so when thinking about topography  on your designs in regard to hierarchy it's   actually a really good idea to think about that  three level rule we spoke about earlier the hook   the secondary detail and then the finisher so here  the topographic Hook is the future big gun section   and then just below that the secondary text and  then finally the book of visit call to action in   the upper right I don't necessarily think this  is a particularly good CTA your designs don't   need to strict follow this technique but they are  great to keep in mind as a basis when implementing   hierarchy on your designs now if I was to ask you  what is the best friend of hierarchy in graphic   design what would you say this design uses it and  so does this design right here hierarchy literally   cannot survive or work without white space or  even just proper use of white space the space   allows distinctions to be made by the viewer  so hierarchy can actually be identified subcon iously but why is hierarchy important why is it  such a fundamental part of graphic design as you   can see here we have a long paragraph of text each  line uses the same font the same color and the   same style if we're reading this in say a magazine  there is no clear importance to us as a viewer   the act of gathering information from it becomes  more difficult and more tedious however if we use   hierarchy we can make the title larger Bolder  and a different color and then the subheadings   different to the body text now the design doesn't  only look more interesting and more appealing but   the reader can interact with it a lot easier  so this landing page on the Apple website is   a nice clean example of what we're talking about  let's first focus on the bottom section of this   design here the image of the iPhone and also the  work iPhone are the first level of hierarchy on   this design cleverly the iPhone is also even  directing your eye to the text these are the   largest and the brightest aspects on this design  in this area but the second level is the quote   lots of love less to spend and then the third  level is the power graph below but in the upper   section of the design we only really have the  second and third levels of hierarchy the blue b   symbol and the Apple logo are the second  level whereas the rest is just considered   to be third level main content hierarchy it is  a good technique to divide Your Design up into   different areas like this as you can see on this  brochure the design has split up the work into   different sections and each section has at least  two or three levels of hierarchy headings and Main   imagery being level one level two are subtitles  and other graphics and then three being the body   text and small details so when you figured out  what aspects of your design should be level one   two or three hierarchy and also when you figured  out how many areas you're going to use possibly   by using grids it's then time to choose what kind  of hierarchy you want to use almost every design   uses multiple different versions of hierarchy all  at once and here is your super duper hierarchy   list weight this is obviously the weight of the  fonts you use important areas often using Bolder   wids size is a very common technique to use  the more important something is the bigger it   should be on your design making a design asset  and obviously different color from the rest of   your design or design elements makes it stand out  more orientation you can arrange your text and   your assets in a certain way so maybe an isometric  angle where the lower left goes up to the upper   right and then you can have something opposing the  angle Direction the next technique is one that a   lot of designers forget if you give an object  a lot of white space on your design it then has   room to breathe and it becomes more obvious to the  reader and thus more important and then finally   using a different style of font if your body text  is serif then consider using a sand serif for the   heading and bingo you have some hierarchy so  yeah maybe now you better understand how to   use hierarchy on your designs and you know exactly  what it is if you want to learn more about graphic   design do click a video on screen and until next  time guys design your future today peace [Music] [Music]