hey guys hope you're well so in this lesson we're going to be looking at tariffs now specifically water and electricity and I would highly suggest that you watch every single example we're about to do but especially the one that I'm going to show you at the end of this lesson because that one was taken straight from an exam question and it's a it's a it's an exam question that I've seen quite a few times but it can be a bit weird and I'll show you exactly how to use that one at the end okay but first let's start with the more basic examples so a tariff is pretty much just where they give you different pricing for different options or categories so for example um here's our water tariff now I'm going to show you quite a few examples of this water tariff and you'll see it's pretty easy okay but let me show you how it works so here they give us this is for water so water is measured in kilo liters okay so kiloliters um one kiloliter is the same as one thousand liters okay and they're giving you the price per kiloliter so this is 950 and it excludes that it's very important when you sit with your question in the exam or your test sometimes they're going to include that as I've done in some examples uh in this lesson um like over here and then sometimes we're going to exclude that okay so look out for that at every single time and for this lesson we will assume that all that is going to be 15 so let's see how this works how much would C Port o if his household uses 33 kiloliters now what a lot of Learners do wrong is they say okay that's 33 kiloliters so they're just gonna go straight to here but that's not the way it works you have to always start at the first one and so in here there is nine kiloliters from zero to nine is nine kiloliters okay so I'm gonna put a nine over there then from here to here if you say 25 minus nine that'll be 16. so there's 16 over here so 9 plus 16 is 25 so we're now at 25 and then from here to here is going to be five okay so 9 plus 16 is 25 plus 5 is 30. now we're trying to get to 33 so that means inside this category we're only going to go from 30 up to 33 Okay because that's where we stop so in this category we're not using 30 all the way to 45 we're only going from 30 to 33 so that means we're only going to use 3 kiloliters in that category so if you then had to go add up all of these numbers you'll see that it adds up to 33 kiloliters okay so you always start over here so for this category they charge you 9.50 so we're going to say 9 because it's 9 50 per kiloliter but we used nine kiloliters so we're going to say nine times nine round fifty and if you calculate that you get 85 grand 50 85 Rand 50. then in this category we used 16 and you see how it's getting more expensive there then it gets more expensive more expensive more expensive and more expensive the reason is that the government or the municipalities they trying to stop you from wasting water so when you use less water only here then they charge you a smaller amount but as you start using larger amounts of water then they start increasing the price because when you're going into the 25 to 30 area they're going to charge you more and then you see how it's just increasing okay so in this category we're going to use 16 kiloliters and each kiloliter is 11 round 22 so if you had to work that out that'll be 179 Rand and 52 cents now in this category it's going to be uh 5 times 14.95 and so that'll be 74 Rand and 75 cents and then in this category we only use three kiloliters and that'll be 23 Rand and 5 cents and so that'll be 69 Rand 15. so your total amount of water the the total amount you you'll just go plus these numbers together and that'll give us a total of 408 Rand whoops that's right that better 408 Rand and 92 cents and what's important is that you realize we don't need to go and add any vet because they said how much would CPO that exclusive okay so we can leave it like that but if they wanted to us wanted us to include um that then you would use the then you would have to add on the vet okay and there are some examples that we're going to do that have that but for this one they just wanted the vet exclusive meaning there's no vat included okay so here's our next one now it says how much would Megan owe now it says that inclusive if her household uses 29 kiloliters of water so 29 is somewhere over here but we start up here okay so in this category we use nine in this category we said we use 16. now if you say 9 plus 16 we've already used 25 so that means in this category we're only going to use four because 9 in this category 16 in this category if you add that together that means they've already used 25 and then 25 plus 4 is what gives you 29. okay so you're not going to use all of the 25 to 30 you're just going to use 4. so now we can go work out the cost so we can say 9 kiloliters multiplied by 9.50 we can add that at the end okay it's easier to do it like that so that'll be 85 around 50. just like we got in the previous example okay and then here we're going to get 16 multiplied by 11.22 and that's going to give 179.52 and then this one we're going to do 4 multiplied by 14.95 and that'll be 59 Rand 80. okay now if we're to add all of that together we end up with 3 2 4.82 okay but now they want us to add the vat now remember we said we're going to assume that that is 15 percent and what we've learned in previous lesson is that if you want to include that just multiply this number by 1.15 the 1 5 is the 15 and then to remove that you would divide so we want to add or include veteria so we're going to say um 3 2 4.82 multiplied by 1.15 and that'll be uh 373 Rand let's round to two decimals and 54. cents here's our last water example and then we're gonna go to electricity okay so this is lorato and it says um how much wood lerato oh if her household uses 51 kiloliters okay so that's all the way down here so we need to go here first you start with nine inside that one 16 inside there five inside there 15 inside there and then to go from 45 well if you add these all together 9 plus 16 is 25 25 plus 5 is 30 30 plus 15 is 45 so to go from 45 to 51 you're going to have to use six inside that one so that if you added all those numbers together it would be 51. okay and so now we're gonna go do the same thing 9 multiplied by 9.50 16 multiplied by 11.22 5 multiplied by 14.95 uh 15 multiplied by 23.05 and then 6 multiplied by 25 point three six okay and then I'll quickly go get the totals so there we have all the totals for each category and then if we got add all of these numbers over here together then we add up to what we'll add up to eight three seven point six eight okay now remember that this excludes that but they want the price with that so like I showed you over here to include that you multiply by 1.15 so we're going to multiply this by 1.15 and so we end up with nine six three point three three Rand okay so that is what lorato would pay okay let's move on to electricity electricity is pretty much exactly the same it's just that we don't use kiloliters we use kilowatt hours okay and then here we sometimes you must always read this carefully so this one includes that but this isn't um Rand per kiloliter now it's cents per kilowatt hour okay so and you're also going to go through the different categories like we did with water so this one says how much will filler pay for electricity if his household uses 170 so 170 is over here but you need to start here so in Block one we go from 0 to 120 so we'll use all of that and then we'll only use 50 in this one so that the total is 170. so now you're going to say 120 multiplied by 112. now this already includes that okay another question here didn't say include or exclude but that means just include the vat so just leave it as it is okay so it's that one and then we only using 50 inside this category so 50 plus not plus 50 multiplied by 135 and so this first one would be 13 440. remember this is sense okay that sense and then this next one is 6750 and that's also incense okay and so if you had to go add these two numbers together so you just plus them you end up with twenty thousand 190 cents but now when we give the total you want to give it a Rand so remember that in one Rand it's a hundred cents okay so to go from cents to Rand you divide by 100 so we're going to divide that by 100. and so there we get 201 Rand when it just says 0.9 like that on your calculator you must always say 0.90 okay um like that so that is how much uh Philip will pay okay this one says that this is the price excluding that this time and it says how much water bang pay that inclusives they want us to add the vat don't forget that for electricity if his household uses 238 kilowatts so 238 is over here but we start over here first so 120 then to go from 120 to 180 that'll be 60 and then to go from 180 oh now we're only going from 180 up to 238 so if you minus these two numbers you end up with 58 okay so we're only going to use 58 in this category so that if you add these numbers together um 58 it gives you this part over here and so now we're just going to do the same thing so it's 120 multiplied by 112 UH 60 multiplied by 135 and then 58 multiplied by 148 and if we had to go calculate all of that this once again is 13 440. 8100 and eight five eight four okay and then we just got add all of those numbers together and that gives us thirty thousand whoops not around it's thirty thousand uh one hundred and twenty four then I want to convert that into Rand so that'll be um 301 Rand and 24 and then I can add that by multiplying by 1.15 so 301.24 multiplied by one 0.15 if you wanted to change all of these to if you wanted to include that on all of these first you can do that or maybe you wanted to change all of these to Rand first it doesn't matter as long as you add that you can either add that to all of these ones individually or you can add that to all of it at once at the end it all gives you the same value at the end okay and so this would be if we round to two decimals 346.43 if you round to two decimals so we're going to do one more electricity tariff and then we're just gonna show you a special one over here which is from an exam paper and then we will be done with this lesson okay so well done for those well those of you that are watching right now and you've made it this far so let's have a look this is excluding vet now how much will Anton pay including that if his household uses 302 okay so 302 is down here somewhere so we know that we start at the top so we're going to use 120 and this one we're going to use all the way from 120 to 180 so that's 60 from 180 to 250 that's 70 and then if you had to add these numbers together that'll be 250. so to go from 250 to 302 you could say 302 minus 250 and that's going to give you 52 so we're going to use 52 in this category now if you had to go add all of those numbers together it must give you 302. then you know you've done it correctly and so now we just go multiply like normal so 120 multiplied by 112 60 multiplied by 135 70 multiplied by 148 and 52 multiplied by 185 I'll quickly go get the totals for us now if we had to go add up all of these numbers so we're going to add this one this one and this one and so that gives us 41 520 so four one five twenty and then we can divide that by 100 because that's in cents but we want it in rands so that would be 415 Rand and 20 cents but that's excluding that so to now include that we would multiply by 1.15 and we end up with four seven seven 0.48 so 477 Rand in 48 cents so at the beginning of this lesson I told you that you should stick around to the exam question and this is it and if you are here right now awesome stuff well done uh maybe you've skipped to this question I don't know but you hear so that's all that matters okay now what we're gonna do I want you to First realize that that is 14 this was a slightly older exam paper maybe uh like four years ago five years ago um where that was then or I couldn't remember when that was changed but vat used to be 14 so we're just going to use that 14 if you use 15 the numbers won't work so this question says show how the amount of 136.93 has calculated okay so ignore the spot and ignore the spot now it tells us that this is a water tariff okay so you know earlier I showed you water tariffs and what we have is the block okay or like um not block it's usually electricity we call it a block but you know the first category second category third category and then we've got the price per kiloliter over there now in this one they do it a little bit different and this is how they do it in real life okay so you know in my examples that I showed you earlier I would say something like um this would be the kiloliters and then this would be the Rand per kiloliter for example and then I would say like zero up to eight and then the next category would be eight up to 12 and then 12 up to 17 for example okay so what that means is that in this category you are using eight in this category you are using four because eight going to twelve is four and then in this category you're going from 12 to 17 to using five so these tables they don't show you this part they're only showing you those parts okay so we can see that in this first category they're using six in the second category they use four and then ten and then ten and then anything or more than thirty and then this here is now they don't tell you what the units are which is quite weird but this is measured or this is the price in Rand per kiloliter and there's no vat so it's a vat excluded X excluded okay so yeah so that and so I hope you understand that so um this would be 11.91 Rand but you must remember to add all these little Parts I don't know why they add all these little things sense only goes up to there but anyways um so so if we had to go calculate they tell us on this invoice that this person um Thomas is using 10 kiloliters so they're going to use always start at the top so they use six over there and then and then they use four over there now six plus four is already ten and so we stop over there so then we can do the normal thing that we'd normally do so you'd say 6 multiplied by 11.917550 and then four multiplied by 12.151250 [Music] and so we're then going to go calculate them and we're going to add them all together I'm going to quickly do that and if we add that all together we'll be you first need to multiply this one and then multiply this one and then add those two answers together um so let me actually write the answers for you for each one okay so don't round off just yet that'll be 71.5053 and then 48.605 Okay then if you had to go add these two numbers together it'll be 120.11 now that's how they got that number okay but that's without that now what I want you to do is add the vat in okay because remember these are the prices vet excluded but now remember that this one's 14 vet so we don't use 1.15 we use 1.14 okay and so if we multiply this by 1.14 we end up with if you round to two decimal places 136 Rand and 93 cents and there we can see it pretty cool here so this part is a bit weird but I think from all the examples we did in this lesson you should have a fairly good idea of how this all comes together thanks for watching guys