Lecture: Women in Propaganda

Overview

• Focus on the representation of women in propaganda during World War I and World War II.
• Examination of images and the portrayal of women, highlighting changes and continuities between the two wars.

World War I

• Women used to shame men into fighting (e.g., "Gee, I wish I were a man, I’d join the Navy").
• Predominantly depicted as mothers supporting male family members in the war.
• Some images showed women in pants with tools, hinting at changing roles.

World War II

• Shift in portrayal: more empowering images of women.
• Rosie the Riveter:
  • Iconic image with two major versions:
    • Government image: "We Can Do It!" Rosie looking directly at the viewer, suggesting strength and boldness.
    • Norman Rockwell’s Rosie: Featured in the Saturday Evening Post, not looking at the viewer, but exudes physical strength with a rivet gun.
  • Both images reflect different aspects of strength and femininity.
  • Stereotypes remain (beauty standards of the 1940s, white woman, styled hair, makeup).

Advertising and Modern Usage

• Rosie’s image persists in advertising (e.g., Clorox ad from the 40s, modern Bissell and paper towels ads).

Comparison of Propaganda in World Wars

• WWII propaganda shows more examples of women in strong, independent roles compared to WWI.
• Connection to Civil Rights Movement:
  • WWII roles influence later movements in the 50s-70s for both people of color and women.

Key Images and Messages

• Women in pants and using tools: Reflects change and empowerment.
• The girl he left behind is still behind him: Centering women, suggesting strength.
• Pitching in hell: Women doing all the work.
• Wanted for murder: Reflects lingering stereotypes; women as gossipers.

Exam Preparation

• Short Answer Question: Compare propaganda from WWI to WWII.
• Discussion board available for questions and clarifications.

Conclusion

• Understanding the evolution of women’s representation in propaganda provides insight into broader societal changes and movements.