hey everyone it's s register nurse rn.com and in this video I'm going to be going over hyperthyroidism versus hypothyroidism in the previous videos I covered in depth the pathophysiology the pharmacology nursing interventions and patient education for these two conditions and what I wanted to do in this video is I wanted to have a quick review and let you see these two conditions or signs and symptoms causes treatments side by side so you can see what the differences are now after you watch this video be sure to go to my website register nurse rn.com and take the free quiz that will actually test you on your knowledge between these two conditions and a card should be popping up so you can access that so let's get started first let's start out talking about hyper thyroidism let the name of the condition help you hyper means High excessive so in this condition there's an excessive production of thyroid hormones however on the flip side with hypo thyroidism there is a low production of thyroid hormones what do thyroid hormones do they play a vital role in how fast you burn food stimulates your sympathetic nervous system which is responsible for your reflexes your reaction time how fast food travels through our digestive system increases your heart rate your blood pressure and your temperature and if you have too much of this going on you're going to have everything in accelerated rate so you're going to have a super fast heart rate low super high blood pressure however if you have not a lot you're going to have a slow heart rate low temperature things like that so what causes these conditions in hyperthyroidism a cause can be eating too much iodine remember iodine plays a role in T3 and T4 production your thyroid takes iodine and whenever you get that iodine in there it will produce that T3 and T4 however with hypothyroid is a cause can be not having enough iodine so you don't consume enough of it another cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves disease Graves disease is an autoimmune condition where your body produces TSI thyroid stimulating immunoglobuline and this acts like TSH on the body so it constantly is telling the thyroid gland to produce T3 and T4 another cause is toxic nodular Gorder also known as TNG this is where nodular growths produce excessive thyroid hormones another cause is thyroid replacement medications say you're taking too much thin thid you get toxic it will flip you into hyperthyroidism now hypo another cause is Hashimoto's disease this is an autoimmune condition as well but it's different than Graves and this is where the body attacks the thyroid gland so it damages it so thyroid gland doesn't work anymore and you don't have any thyroid hormone being produced another cause is taking too much anti-thyroid medications um urin toxicity like PTU or tapasol another cause maybe they have a pituitary tumor and this would stop your anterior pituitary gland from releasing TSH and whenever that's not releasing TSH your thyroid gland isn't going to be stimulated to produce T3 and T4 now what are the lifethreatening complications in these conditions in hyperthyroidism if it's not treated properly they can enter into thyroid storm which we covered that in another video in detail so if you want to watch that video you can access the card and you can watch that video what's the life-threatening complication if hypothyroidism isn't treated mixed demac coma and we talked about that in depth and you can access that in a card to watch the whole patho nursing interventions about that so how do these patients look what um are they going to look like with Hyper and hypothyroidism they are going to be the complete opposite of each other so if you see One symptom look at what the opposite of that symptom would be and it's going to be that condition so let's look at it okay signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism here you're going to have weight loss because you're burning calories at an excessive rate remember T3 and T4 play a role in that they're going to have heat intolerance so they're going to be sweaty they're going to have a Gorder this is very common in Graves disease from the thyroid gland being over stimulated it starts to swell and this is also present Gorder can be present in hypothyroidism as well they'll be restless irritable again that's that over stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system and the heart rate really fast also fast heart rate diarrhea unable to focus mentally they're just really wired have oily skin be nervous and menstrual problems now let's flip it over and see what they look like in hypothyroidism they're going to have weight gain cuz they're not burning calories very fast they're going to be intolerant to cold um and mix ademac coma they can actually go into hypothermia because their temperature is not being regulated they can have a possible Gorder and this is prevalent in Hashimoto's disease and this is just due to the um o the stimulation of the thyroid gland just being stimulated constantly and it's just not working so it starts to swell they can be extremely tired fatigued have a slow heart rate constipation memory loss mix edema which is a waxy appearance of swelling on of the skin especially in the face and the eyes they'll have dry skin depression and menstrual problems now what is the treatment for these two conditions okay for hyperthyroidism treatment what are we going to do we have a problem with too much thyroid hormone so what would we do we would want to give them anti-thyroid medications to decrease those levels common ones prescribed tapasol also known as methol PTU also called propy osil iodid Solutions like Lugal solution another thing usually prescribed are beta blockers such as indraw wire beta blockers prescribed to help with those signs and symptoms that's going on with this patient they have a fast heart rate they'll have a high blood pressure they'll be sweaty and that'll help decrease that another thing is they maybe um prescrib radioactive iodine therapy and remember that goes back to how your thyroid gland takes thyroid I mean takes iodine and produces T3 and T4 so whenever they take this usually in a capsule this is special iodine it's radioactive so it's going to go there and destroy the thyroid gland and also a thyroid ectomy which is removal of the thyroid gland and these patients remember this for hyperthyroidism avoid salicylates and food SL supplements with iodine because this increases thyroid hormones and we don't want to increase thyroid hormones in this condition now what are the treatments for hypothyroidism um problem is we don't have enough thyroid hormon so we're going to give them some thyroid hormone typically Synthroid is the most popular it's a thyroid replacement hormone um with these patients you want to avoid sedatives and narcotics because they were very sensitive to them and it can actually end them into mixed demac coma so watch those medications okay so that is about hyper and hypothyroidism now go take that quiz on my website register nurse rn.com and check out the whole inlex review series on the thyroid and thank you so much for watching and please consider subscribing to this YouTube channel