so we're going to circle back to where we left off with the Embargo Act the end of Jefferson's presidency I needed to get the politics done in the middle before we jumped into this there's two major topics for this video which is conflicts with the natives and the origins of the war of 1812. um essentially conflict with the natives and the native nations is part of the origins of the war of 1812. so let's start there one of the first causes of the War of 1812 are problems in the West things had not really changed in the west during all this time the native nations were encroached upon by white settlers and fighting erupts on the frontier every time that Frontier moves there's a new bout of fighting now there had been no major conflict in the northwest since the Northwest Indian War ended in 1795 but here we are roughly 20 years later and here it is again now what about British influence here the British had finally removed all of their troops after Jay's Treaty but they were still close by in Canada which is not on the map but we know where Canada is right it's America's hat it's right here uh they had resumed arming and encouraging the native nations to try to cause trouble with the us and this will spiral into a major conflict This Is tecumseh's War Tecumseh was a leader of a native Nation called uh one faction of the Native nation of this native Nation called the Shawnee s-h-a-w-n-e-e so no K like your knee but s-h-a-w-n-e-e and he will build a coalition of about 10 different native nations largely based on the spiritual teachings of his brother tinsukotawa both of these on the slide Tecumseh was an excellent leader Warrior and speaker admired even by his enemies even by Americans he was he was admired his goal and the goal of this Coalition was to completely remove whites from the region again the northwest and retake the lands they had lost to American settlement this is a sequel to the North Northwest Indian War itself a sequel to pontiac's Rebellion this is a cycle Tecumseh and his Alliance of roughly 10 native nations began harassing settlers and staging raids here in 1810 to deal with this the US will put General William Henry Harrison in charge of defeating the natives defeating tecumseh's Alliance Tecumseh avoided directly battling Harrison and the American forces because he believed it would be a disaster he preferred to attack Retreat live to fight another day and that should sound familiar because that's exactly what Washington did during the American Revolution and this works for a while they're able to wreak havoc uh never directly engage Harrison or if they do it's in small enough groups that they can escape easily it's working pretty well this first year plus but in 1811 Tecumseh went South to meet with the native nations there and either recruit followers for his uh War to convince them to start their own war against the United States so he goes to the South basically Mississippi Alabama they weren't States yet but that that area he left his brother tinsek watawa in charge and they had come to an agreement that they would avoid fighting Harrison directly so naturally tenskwatawa is going to fight Harrison directly and this is the Battle of Tippy Canoe which is see the Tippecanoe River here's the battle site right here uh Tesco tawa ordered a surprise attack and while Harrison and the Americans were initially surprised they very quickly overcame that and without much trouble defeated tenskwatawa and the uh Native Alliance this effectively uh or rather uh Harrison will capture the headquarters of uh ten Square Tower was Alliance and the Shawnee people and finds lots of evidence of British help of British armaments of British involvement uh tinskotawa and the rest of the the forces will scatter and move back towards Canada uh for protection by the British and you see on the map of the the triangles are American Indian Villages I don't know why they couldn't use something other than triangle acting like they were all in teepees um which wasn't necessarily the case but this battle effectively not ended but paused the main hostilities because it's not over until Tecumseh is defeated he just simply wasn't here so we're gonna put a pause here and we're gonna talk about the significance of this war to this point because remember weren't we discussing the origins of the war of 1812. that's what I said the one of the origins is problems of the West and the War of 1812 was between the British and the US well throughout all of this Harrison discovered evidence of British support of British weapons and Beyond Harrison reports all of this back and it and it caused huge calls for war particularly among the warhawks I mean how can Americans doubt British intentions now Madison was hesitant Madison was hesitant to declare war but he finally does declare war on Britain in the spring of our of 1812. we'll Circle back to the British side of this war but we're going to finish off tecumseh's war first yes this is a war that starts a war within a war so the conclusion or continuation of tecumseh's war and this is the first zoomed in map of this region we've had uh you know in a while and it makes me sad because what's not listed here good old Mitchell americanek we hardly we hardly knew he Tecumseh returns here in 1813 after being South and after Tippy Canoe and he resumes the war with open help from the British Harrison chases Tecumseh forces to Detroit which is right here and then into Canada for a showdown this uh the Harrison U.S force defeats the anglo-native force led by Tecumseh in October of 1813 you can see that it has the bat the the battle right here Battle of the Thames you don't have to know that you've got enough t words between Tecumseh 10 squatawa and Tippy Canoe so Harrison in the U.S defeat the anglo-native force and Tecumseh is killed in that battle here in October of 1813 and tecumseh's death effectively ended not only the war but also his Coalition entirely even though tinskotawa was still alive and tinsukota's ideas were the four main or the foundation here the thing fell apart so the overall significance of tecumseh's War separated from the conflict with the British it permanently removed British presence in the northwest from the Great Lakes region finally and permanently the British won't mess with this region anymore second this is the final major native conflict in the region there's still small little conflicts there's still battles but as far as a big war like this like like Pontiac or Northwest Indian war or now Tecumseh War this is the last of those style battles there's not another resumption in 20 years so that's tecumseh's War now the pause we took before that happened Tecumseh had gone South to try to either recruit them to his cause or convince them to start their own war and they did not join his cause but they did start their own War so our second war within a war is the creek War this centered in modern Alabama Mississippi and Georgia the first of those two I listed Mississippi and Alabama were territories or one territory as you see on the map Tecumseh had gone South in 1811 to try to recruit and or Inspire the native nations there one group in particular were the Creek various Creek Nations who fell into their own Civil War the conflict escalated from a debate over whether or not to fight the U.S the pro fight the U.S faction was led by the Red Stick Creek the anti-fight the U.S faction was led by the lower Creek you see on the slide and then all of these other groups here you see right burnt Corn Creek uh well that's a that's a settlement but the all of these other the uh Anita chopco Creek calabi Creek all of them uh fell in behind so this is actually a a basically a not a civil war but it's pretty close to a civil war it's two different groups of Creek Nations and their allies fighting each other over whether or not to go to war with the U.S so they're going to war over going to war War when the fighting began the Red Stick also because remember they were the pro-us pro fighting the U.S side they also launched attacks against U.S settlements primarily over in Georgia and and which led to Georgia you know calling in their militias but they were disorganized they weren't LED uh well and the lower creek side of this decided to go ahead and just Ally with the U.S to help stop the red Creek Side so they're butting up to the US and saying look we don't want to fight you will you help us stop this group who do want to fight you so now it's the red Creek in their allies versus the lower Creek the US and their allies and this goes on in this first year and it's a mess finally the U.S sends in someone new to lead their forces in this and that is a lieutenant colonel named Andrew Jackson comes in unites the militias into one force and he will lead the fight the result was a devastating defeat of the Red Stick Creek it's it's a battle from that previous map which you don't have to know what you what we we do need to discuss is the treaty that ends this war led by Jackson the Treaty of well Fort Jackson yes named after him the creek the Creek Nation was forced to seed or give up 23 million acres of land to the U.S more than half of their land all of that in Orange is what the creek Nations gave up here's a different look at that all right so this is what they retained this is what they gave up so they gave up more than half their land here roughly half of modern Alabama and parts of Southern Georgia this was taken from both the Red Stick Creek and the lower Creek and their allies despite the fact that the lower Creek on the U.S side Jackson made no distinction between the creek Hoover's allies and those who were his enemies he was an All or Nothing kind of person remember all the way back to day one in this class we talked about how the Americans May either couldn't or made no real attempt to differentiate between the different nations and cultures within the people who happened to speak Creek or whatever language this is a perfect example of that the lands that were taken in Fort the Treaty of Fort Jackson were from all of the creek involved the significance of the creek War the massive loss of land had huge effects on the creek and other native nations there that they honestly will never really recover from second this is the second war the U.S fought while also fighting the British at the same time the War of 1812 starts there's the creek War and the conclusion of Tecumseh War third Jackson will be transferred to New Orleans elevated to the rank of general and become a national hero eventually president and the architect of Indian Removal policies that yet again screwed the creek where we're going to look to next is the War of 1812 against the British itself and the politics involved there we're not really going to do a ton of battles it's mostly the politics side so that's this