The title of the show is Pantan Perak Negeri-Negeri Selat. So you will learn about the three countries. Pulau Pinang, Melaka, and Singapore.
Then these three countries are combined. When combined, we call them Negeri-Negeri Selat. Page 30. Surah 30. Perluasan.
Tajuh. Perluasan kuasa British di Pulau Pinang, Singapura, Melaka. Perluasan kuasa British maksudnya siapa yang menjajah ketiga-tiga negeri ini?
British. Demi ketiga-tiga negeri ini dijajah. So the first one, Mukasudara 32 Pulau Pinang. Kedudukan strategik Pulau Pinang memenuhi keperluan British. Mengapa British mahukan Pulau Pinang?
Why? Ada tiga isi penting. Kenapa British mahukan Pulau Pinang? First, pusat pengumpulan barang.
To collect all the things. Barang dari mana? Alam Melayu.
When they say pusat pengumpulan barang, The items were collected from The first one, British need goods from China. What British need? What British want?
What else? Tea, sutera, tembikar, there are many. But the most important thing is tea.
Who wants tea? British want tea. But as a change, what does China want?
What else? Gold, silver, gold, gold, gold. Gold, silver, gold. We already studied all that. British memerlukan teh dari China.
China perlukan emas perak bijetima ruparatus sebagai tukaran. So barang-barang emas perak bijetima ruparatus ini dapat dari mana? Alam Melayu. Pusat pengumpulan barang is the first point. Yang kedua, pelabuhan persinggahan.
Sebelum ni kita telah pun belajar pelabuhan persinggahan. Ada berapa isi? Empat. Fault points I really asked you to highlight and memorize the point okay tempat membaiki kapal mendapat bekalan makanan minuman okay tempat membaiki kapal is the place to repair the ship tempat membaiki kapal bekalan makanan and minuman the food and water and as berlindung sementara menunggu peralihan angin monsoon tunggu sehingga angin monsoon berhenti so they want a safe place tempat berlindung pelabuhan persinggahan ada berapa isi you have memorized.
Before this, you have studied for. One point is not here. Memudahkan kapal berlabuh.
So, before chapter, you have already learned. You can use the same thing here. Boleh gunakan yang sama. So, di sini tempat bagi kapal, bekal makanan minuman, berlindung sementara menunggu peralian angin. Maksud.
Lagi satu adalah tempat kapal berlabuh. Bab satu, kamu sudah pun belajar. Ini ulangan sahaja. Isi ketiga, This is the three important issues. Why did the British want Pulau Pinang?
Why did the British want Pulau Pinang? The first one, the collection centre. The second, the port. The third, the military depot. What is the military depot for?
To protect the place in India from the French army. I already asked you to memorize that. So, this is the content for the preparation. The next one is page 34. British population in Pulau Pinang. Okay, now the British want Pulau Pinang.
Okay, British want Pulau Pinang. Before they conquer Pulau Pinang, the British cannot go straight to Pulau Pinang. Cannot do that. There must be a problem. How many problems?
Three. This problem happens in Pulau Pinang or in Kedah? Kedah.
Because, in the past, Pulau Pinang was called Telentang Di bawah negeri Kedah Pulau Pinang is under Kedah So masalah tu berlaku di mana negeri Kedah Berapa masalah? Tiga Masalah pertama Perebutan takte kesultanan Kedah Perebutan takte kesultanan Kedah Perebutan takte cerita Ada satu cerita Siapa nama Sultan? Sultan Muhammad Jiwa Sultan Muhammad Jiwa Melantik Tunku Abdullah Sebagai Thank you. Raja Muda Kedah.
Sultan Muhammad Jiwa melantik Tunku Abdullah. Tapi kerabat di Raja Kedah tidak bersetuju. Kenapa tidak bersetuju?
It's not given in your textbook but teacher explain to you all the story. Sultan Muhammad Jiwa melantik Tunku Abdullah. Sebagai Raja The next But the King of Kedah did not agree. Who is the King of Kedah? Saudara Sultan did not agree.
Because? Tunku Abdullah is not the son of Kahara. it was Bukananagara? Not from royal family. Maksudnya Ayyaandanya Sultan.
Okay? Tapi bondanya adalah siapa? Rakyat biasa. That's why Bukananagara. Because of that, the people of the King's kingdom did not agree.
They don't agree. So that is one problem. When they don't agree, they don't stop until then.
What do they do? They oppose Sultan Muhammad Jiva. They try to attack Sultan Muhammad Jiva with the help of the Bugis.
They try to attack. They don't agree and they also oppose. So that is the first problem, the fight.
Takta Kesultanan Kedah. Masalah kedua, ancaman siam. Siam sekarang kita panggil?
Kailan. Kailan. Kenapa ancaman siam? Kedah telah menghentikan pengantaran bunga emas kepada siam semasa perang siam.
Semasa perang siam. Kita sudah pun belajar ancaman siam. Ancaman siam is attack from siam. Kenapa ada ancaman daripada siam? Because Sultan Ghada has stopped They were sent gold.
Why did they send gold? As a sign of friendship. As a friendship.
Keda sent gold to Siam. As a gift. Keda sent gold to Siam.
But at one point, Keda stopped. Why did Keda stop? Because of the war of Siam Burma. So, the Burma war started. So, the shop was stopped.
But what did Siam do? Siam demanded everything. Why did you stop the production of gold? So, they started to attack.
That was the threat of Siam. The third problem was the French slide. The people of Pulau Pinang, the French slide was a fraud.
Who was the French slide? The French slide was the British officers. The French slide was a fraud. Cheating.
Apa tipu helai yang dilakukan? Kerana Kedah ada dua masalah. Perebutan takte.
Lagi satu, ancaman siang. Sekarang Frenchies Life tipu helai. Kenapa Frenchies Life tipu helai? Kerana Frenchies Life telah pun berjanji.
Promise. Untuk apa? Membantu Sultan Kedah daripada ancaman siang. Oh, daripada ancaman, bukis, daripada ancaman... So, Francis Light has promised to help but Francis Light lied.
So, that is the third problem. Francis Light lied. Who was the third one?
Sultan Abdullah. Because you see the first point, the fight of the tact. We have already learned that Sultan Muhammad Jeeva trained Tunku Abdullah as the king of the world.
So, walaupun ada tentangan, tapi Tunku Abdullah sudah menjadi Sultan Abdullah. He already become the Sultan. Tunku Abdullah telah menjadi Sultan Abdullah. So, isi yang ketiga, tipu helah Frenchie slide. Frenchie slide tipu siapa?
Sultan Abdullah. Haa, Frenchie slide tipu Sultan Abdullah. Pada ketika itu bukan Sultan Muhammad Jiwa. Our East time is already over. Over.
Pada ketika itu Sultan Abdullah. So Frenchie Slide tipu helak Sultan Abdullah. Apa tipu helak? Berjanji akan membantu.
Tetapi tidak. So that is a cheating. Okay, kemudian Frenchie Slide.
Satu sudah tipu helak. Cheating. Apa lagi Frenchie Slide lakukan?
Menukarkan nama Pulau Penang kepada Prince of Wales Island. The last point. Frenchie slide, my name is Sultan Abdullah of Penang was named Prince of Wales Island and their place of residence was called Georgetown This is the changes that were made Now, is Sultan happy or Sultan angry? Angry Because the French promised to help but they didn't So, Sultan is angry Who is the Sultan?
Sultan Abdullah Sultan Abdullah is angry So what happens? Book of Surat 35 First look at the blue box page 35 Sultan Abdullah asked for military assistance Yes, help Military assistance But SHTI refused to give assistance But did not help Rejected means So, you can say, So, now, I say, So, what does the Sultan do? War.
What is berperang? War. Fight. So, look at the green box, second point.
Siapa yang menang? Frenchies Life menang SHTI menang Dua-dua sama SHTI Syarikat India Timur Inggris Is a company British company SHTI Nama pegawai Frenchies Life Siapa yang menang? SHTI menang You look at the point there Angkatan Perang Kesultanan Kedah Dapat ditewaskan oleh Frenchies Life Frenchies Life winner Frenchies Life sudah So now, Sultan Abdullah had to sign the agreement.
He had to sign the agreement. Now, after the agreement, who took the Pulau Pinang? British.
Sultan Abdullah couldn't do anything. He can't do anything because after the agreement, the Pulau Pinang was taken by British. That's all So Plapinam story over. Okay? Tapi selepas Pulau Pinang, British ambil kawasan apa?
Pulau Pinangan. Di mana seberang peraih terletak? Pulau Pinangan. Pulau Pinangan.
Di Kedah. Di mana mula-mula British ambil? Pulau Pinangan. Kedua mengambil seberang peraih.
Seberang peraih terletak di mana? Pulau Pinangan. Di negeri Kedah.
Okay, remember I told you there's a bridge. Now you go to Pulau Pinang, ada jambah Pulau Pinang. So before you go on the bridge, seberang perai.
Then you go on the bridge, Pulau Pinang. So mula-mula British ambil Pulau Pinang, kemudian British mengambil seberang perai. Why seberang perai?
Ada dua isi untuk seberang perai. Kenapa British maukan seberang perai? Mula-mula British maukan Pulau Pinang ada tiga isi. Pusat pengumpulan barang, pelabuhan, the fight against state poverty. That's for Pulau Pinang.
Now, why do we want two items across the board? First one, the defense pole. Second point, the agricultural area to supply food.
Look at the yellow box there. Yellow box, second point. This population is important as a defense pole.
And the agricultural area to supply food to the residents of Pulau Pinang. Because Pulau Pinang is an island. So, it's for the safety Mereka mahukan seberang perai So, benteng pertahanan Lagi satu sebab kawasan pertahanan Sebab pulau pinang kecil Mungkin tak cukup So, kalau mereka ambil seberang perai Seberang perai boleh dijadikan sebagai kawasan pertahanan Kemudian boleh membekalkan sumber makanan Kepada penduduk di pulau pinang So, inilah dua sebab kenapa mereka ambil seberang perai Did they take it or not?
Look at the first dot. In 1800, George Lied, Governor of Penang, defeated Sultan Kedah, Sultan Dauden. Before, Sultan Abdullah.
Now, Sultan Dauden. Be the generation, right? Sultan Dauden signed the agreement with the British. They signed the agreement.
Second dot, this agreement allowed the British to sit across the border. The British have a lot of women. So, if you see this story, in the Kingdom of Kedah, we learn three names of Sultan. The first, Sultan Muhammad Jibar. We have learned.
The second, Sultan Abdullah. Tunku Abdullah became Sultan Abdullah. Now, for the last, Sultan Diabdi.
So, it follows the order of the story. Now, Fluffinang over. The importance of Singapore to the British. Why do they want Singapore?
Page 37, the first point. British need a more strategic port. What does strategic mean? A suitable port.
A suitable port. The port is strategic. But Singapore is more strategic. Strategic means a suitable port. Third, Singapore can play a role as a hub for the Malay economy.
I love you they can collect the acid. What's the result? BJD Mark Gold 400 Merah So they can collect all that Book of Surat 38 British Now British want Singapore There must be a problem.
Then only boleh campur tangan. So apa masalah disini? Before we learn Singapore, we learn about Penang.
Penang is located under the Kedah. So, Kedah got problem, they take Penang. Now, what is under the country? Johor. So, Johor got problem, they take Singapore.
How many problems in Johor? One. Only one problem at Johor.
Masalahnya adalah isu perwarisan takte kesultanan Jomor Johor-Riau is the same. Tadi Pulau Pinang ada tiga masalah. Pulau Pinang, Kedah lah.
Kedah ada tiga masalah. Sekarang Johor ada berapa masalah? Satu masalah.
Topik Singapura. Tapi kenapa kita belajar Johor? Singapura terletak di bawah negeri Johor-Riau. It's under Johor. That's why we are learning about Johor.
Masalahnya isu pewarisan taktab. Ceritanya, lihat kotak berwarna biru. Sultan Mahmud Shah He has two sons. Tengku Husin and Tengku Abdul Rahman.
Two sons. Tengku Husin and Tengku Abdul Rahman. Tengku Husin is the first son. Tengku Abdul Rahman is the last son. The last.
Or the second one. So, in 1812, Sultan Mahmud Shah III died. What does it mean?
He died. Tengku Abdul Rahman was present during the court. What does the court mean? Come on.
You know they do some prayers and all that. So that is upacara pemakaman. Siapa yang hadir? Tengku Abdul Rahman hadir.
The second son hadir. Tapi Tengku Hussein? Tidak hadir. He did not go. Tengku Hussein tidak hadir.
Kenapa? Tidak hadir. Berada di?
Bahagia. Tidak hadir. So Tengku Hussein tidak hadir. Hari itu cikgu sudah pun terangkan. Okay, semasa After the court trial, the new Sultan will be appointed.
So who will be the new Sultan? Tengku Abdul Rahman. Tengku Abdul Rahman will be appointed as Sultan Johor-Iyah. Ditabalkan means dilantik.
But the better word in Istana is ditabalkan. Okay, sebagai Sultan. Mendapat pengiktirafan dari orang mudis dan Belanda.
Pengiktirafan means everybody approved. Okay. So, So, Tengku Hussien diketepikan.
So, Tengku Hussien, he didn't ask, why you never give to me? He didn't ask like that at all. Sebab Tengku Hussien faham. Baginda tidak hadir.
He did not attack. So, Baginda faham. Baginda tidak membuat apa-apa isu.
Ataupun tidak membuat masalah. He don't do anything. Okay, menerimanya.
Tengku Hussien menerimanya. So, apa yang muncul kemudian? So come.
You can know who is the name of the officer in Pulau Pinang? Haji Selay Who is the name of the officer in Singapore? Stanford Reffers Don't think, oh they take Pulau Pinang, the next they take Sobrang Prai, the next they take Singapore No Mengambil masa yang lama Now you are learning in your textbook the story like accordingly Tapi pada masa dulu, ia tidak berlaku dengan cepat He took the time Now you are studying all accordingly First Pulau Pinang, then Seberang Perai Now Singapore, it's not like that So Pulau Pinang was taken by French officers And Singapore was taken by Stanford So now This is an issue in Johor Riau This is the issue The issue of inheritance I have already said Even though this issue is happening Tengku Hussein just kept quiet sahaja. Tidak membuat apa-apa masalah He doesn't make any problem Just kept quiet Dan telah berundur dan menetap di Riau He already go to Riau So sekarang siapa sultannya? Sultan Abdul Rahman Sultan Abdul Rahman Ketengku Abdul Rahman Menjadi sultan, so Sultan Abdul Rahman Apa Stanford Reffers lakukan?
Memanipulasikan Apa maksud memanipulasikan? Amen. Mengambil kesempatan Grab the chance In the glossary Remember? Memanipulasi, mengambil kesempatan dengan cara bijaksana.
A smart move. Itu adalah memanipulasi. So, Stanford refers memanipulasikan isu pewarisan takta.
He bring back that issue. He fired up that issue. Memanipulasi lah. So, ini menyebabkan ada berapa orang Sultan? Dua orang Sultan.
Look at the green mind map. Sultan Abdul Rahman bersemayam di Lingga. Apa maksud bersemayam? Tinggal.
Stay. Sultan Abdul Rahman bersemayam di Lingga. Maksudnya tinggal di Lingga. Manakala Sultan Hussein bersemayam di Singapura.
So, sekarang Sultan Abdul Rahman. Sult- Sultan di Lingga Both place is Johor Bersamayam di Lingga Tengku Hussein menjadi Sultan Hussein Siapa melantik Tengku Hussein menjadi Sultan Hussein? Who choose him?
Semper Reifers British Kuasa besar So they have the power So Tengku Hussein menjadi Sultan Hussein Tapi di Singapura So sekarang Johor ada dua Sultan Sultan Abdul Rahman di Lingga Dance with the- Usain Fee in Singapore Now you try to think and see Sultan Usain, Sultan in Singapore It's definitely easier for the Stamford Refers to take Singapore Definitely easier to take Singapore Look at page 39, there's a promise First promise, the promise on 6th February Stanford Reference has signed a deal with Sultan Hussein and... and Temenggong Abdul Rahman. Who is Temenggong Abdul Rahman? The Pembesar Johor.
Temenggong, right? Temenggong Abdul Rahman. Don't be confused with the names Sultan Abdul Rahman and Temenggong Abdul Rahman.
I have repeated it many times. The Sultan Abdul Rahman Bersamayang di Lingkang History over Tapi yang ini adalah Temenggong Abdul Rahman Temenggong Abdul Rahman Seperti seorang pembesar He's not not the Sultan. The name is the same but the people are different. But the people is different.
Sultan Abdul Rahman is the royal family. Temenggong Abdul Rahman is a pembasa. He just help he do the job there temenggong abdul rahman so stanford refers manatangani perjanjian antar dengan sultan hussein dengan temenggong abdul rahman put agreement dan kesan perjanjian beliam farquhar dilantik sebagai resident pertama singapore ini menunjukkan singapore telah diduduki oleh british tapi ada lagi satu perjanjian Perjanjian 2 Ogos, yang ini selepas 5... After five years, Residence Singapura John Crawford held a deal with Sultan Hussein and Temenggok Abdul Rahman.
Again, another one more agreement. Another deal. But what was the effect of the deal? Singapore was handed over to the British for as long as possible. The first deal, William Farquhar became the first resident of Singapore.
But the next deal, Perjanjian se- And then, Singapore was handed over to the British for a long time. So, Singapore story over. Next slide 40. Now, topic of Melaka. Topic of Melaka. Melaka doesn't have many stories.
Why? Because, Melaka was paroled by the British through exchange. That means, British got Melaka through exchange.
Teach. Pertukaran dengan siapa? Belanda.
Belanda. Dan cikgu sudah pun terangkan satu topik penting. Buka surat 36. Perang Napoleon.
Just now I didn't tell that because I follow accordingly Pulau Pinang, Singapura. Now we are talking about Melaka so I explain to you now. Perang Napoleon. Perang Napoleon ni apa? Di tepi sini tau kan anda?
Perang Napoleon tu apa? Perang Napoleon is a war. Perang Napoleon antara siapa dengan siapa? Belanda dengan Perancis berperang. Itu kita panggil Perang Napoleon.
This is just an extra story. Perang Napoleon. Pada ketika itu, the important point.
The second point first, Raja Belanda berundur ke England dan menandatangani surat Q. Yang ni pun penting. Surat Q is like a letter. So Raja Belanda menandatangani surat Q.
Apa yang terkandung dalam surat Q? Look at the third dot. Berdasarkan surat Q, Belanda menyerahkan tanah jajannya secara sementara kepada British. hingga perang tahun. Perang Napoleon, Belanda-Francis berperang.
Pada ketika itu Raja Belanda menandatangani satu surat Q. He signed the letter. Surat Q. Dalam surat Q telah pun tertulis bahawa Belanda menyerahkan tanah jajahan. The control place. Tanah jajahan kepada British.
Secara sebentar. Temporary. Belanda give to British temporary.
Sehingga Perang tamat Until the war over Then after the war over British give back So that's the only story for Perang Napoleon Perluasan kuasa British di Melaka Page 43, yang ni sangat penting Perjanjian London Why Perjanjian London? Antara siapa dengan siapa? British and Belanda Because British and Belanda is like friends Yes or no?
Kita sudah belajar untuk Surat Q You're a Jew. Raja Belanda menyerahkan tanah jajahannya secara sementara kepada British. Sehingga perang tamat.
So they have some good understanding there. Tapi lepas perang Napoleon tamat, British sudah pun memulangkan balik. That story over.
Tapi yang ini adalah perjanjian London. So perjanjian London is after that. You see perang Napoleon tahun berapa? 1793 to 18...
That time is Perang Napoleon After Perang Napoleon 1840 British has returned Already returned back So this one is just one short story there One short story But Perjanjian London How many years? 1824 After how many years? After 10 years only Perjanjian London Okay.
Like I told you, it does not happen very fast. It takes a long time. So, Perjanjian London antara British dengan Belanda.
Itu kita panggil Perjanjian London. Remember, Perjanjian London. The second point for British.
So, if you see this second point and this second point. British menyerahkan Bangkaulu kepada Belanda. British give Bangkaulu kepada Belanda. and the Netherlands gave its land and territory to the British. British British mania can bangka who done blunder mania can blacker so the exchange into a delay is important dalam perjalanan there's a most important point that lagi satu adalah lihat peta look at a map I showed you the map before look at a map but they're at a spulapinang malaka Singaporean itu adalah kepunyaan British.
Yang di bawah tu Riau, Bangka Hulu, Betawi adalah kepulauan Belanda. The down part is Belanda. So dalam perjanjian London, satu mereka bertukar the exchange Bangka Hulu dan Melaka.
Lagi satu isi ketiga, tidak membuka pertempatan baharu. What is tidak membuka pertempatan baharu? Cannot open a new place di kepulauan Riau Lingga dan kepulauan lain di selatan I don't know what I'm saying. Singapore is all British.
South Singapore is Dutch. So British cannot open a new place in South Singapore. Cannot go down. And Dutch cannot open a new place in Malay land.
And Dutch cannot open any place in Malay land. All the Malay land cannot. Cannot open a new place in Malay land.
So the second and And the third one is important. The second point and third point Purple janjian, London Next page So sekarang British sudah pun mendapat Pulau Pinang, Singapura Sekarang Melaka Tiga-tiga pun kepunyaan British Apa British lakukan? Menggabungkan What British did?
Menggabungkan It means combine Combining not take what up Melaka, Singapore, not that Make it as one system. That's what we call Negeri-Negeri Selat. Look at the background of Pulau Pinang, Singapore and Melaka before the establishment of Negeri-Negeri Selat.
Before Negeri Selat. What was that? Sekarang Pulau Pinang kepunyaan British. Melaka kepunyaan British. Singapura kepunyaan British.
So before Negeri Selat, what was that? Look at Pulau Pinang. First thought. Perikatan awal ditadbir oleh Frenchies.
We have also learned that Frenchies Line is an officer. Sebagai pesuruh jaya. Yang bertanggungjawab kepada Governor General British in India. So pada peringkat awal, Frenchies Line sebagai pesuruh jaya.
Pesuruh jaya means what? Officer. Second, to obtain the status of free of charge. Pulau Pinang becomes a free of charge. Free of charge means free of tax.
Free of charge. No need to pay tax Pulau Pinang menjadi apa? Pelabuhan bebas After British take Lepas British menguasai Pulau Pinang Pulau Pinang mendapat status Pelabuhan bebas It becomes pelabuhan bebas.
Apa maksud pelabuhan bebas? Bebas. Barang-barang yang dibawa tu bebas daripada?
Cukai. Okay, so that is Pulau Pinang. Seterusnya, Singapura.
Ditarbir oleh resident. Siapa nama resident? Singapura ditarbir oleh resident.
The first resident is Beliam Farquhar. Kita sudah pun belajar. So, resident yang bertanggungjawab kepada Lieutenant Governor British di Bangkaulu, Sumatera.
Apa yang penting? Singaporean Ditarbir oleh resident Like tadi Pulau Pinang ditarbir oleh Frenchys Life Frenchys Life tu pesuruh jaya Singapura ditarbir oleh siapa? Resident Yang kedua Diistiarkan sebagai pelabuhan bebas Singapura pun pelabuhan bebas Pulau Pinang pun pelabuhan bebas Singapura pun pelabuhan bebas Melaka ditarbir oleh Resident Consular You have to remember Press C. didn't consular.
Sistem kapetan diteruskan. That is the old system. They continue the old system. Sistem kapetan diteruskan bagi mewujudkan keamanan dalam community kamu. For the peace of the people.
So, sistem tu diteruskan. Tapi yang ini adalah sebelum pembentukan negeri-negeri selat. Be clear.
The French is like as a person and then Singapore resident and then Melaka resident consular all of these are before the formation of the Selat countries before that now page 47 Selat countries I have explained what are the Selat countries they are combined combined Pulau Pinang, Melaka, Singapore are combined why? Why? Look at the first paragraph Pulau Pinang, Singapura dan Melaka digabungkan menjadi satu unit pentadbiran What is satu unit pentadbiran?
Maybe there's one system Satu unit pentadbiran Penggabungan ini bertujuan menjimatkan perbelanjaan To save money Menjimatkan perbelanjaan Lagi satu, menyeragamkan pentadbiran Satu, menjimatkan perbelanjaan Save money Thank you. Like what we just learned, Pulau Pinang, Pesura Jaya. Then, Singapore, Residence. Melaka, Residence, Kamsulat. All different, different.
If they unite or combine them, only one leader will be left. Just one leader. So, you save money by saving the expenses.
Another one, diversify the administration. The system will be smooth. Menyeragamkan pentadbiran Now, kepentingan pembentukan negeri-negeri selat kepada British One, tadi sudah belajar Dua, menjimatkan perbelanjaan Menyeragamkan pentadbiran Apa kepentingan kepada British?
The first point, British dapat menguasai keseluruhan selat Melaka That means British can control all the selat Melaka That day I draw the map on the whiteboard Menguasai keseluruhan selat Melaka Subtitles by the Amara.org community as the main trade route in Malay. If you see that map here, Pulau Pina, Melaka, Singapore. So, the Selat Melaka is all controlled by the British.
British control Selan Melaka Thirdly, Selan is the source of the Malay heritage They collect all the things from Malay heritage Especially BGTMA To compare British trade with China Because China wanted Because China needs BGTMA They can get all of that Thirdly, Selan is the gateway For foreign traders one Who is an outsider? What does it mean? Workers or laborers That's what we call a borough China entered India entered Our grandfathers came here Our great great grandfathers came here India entered, China entered So, Selan became a gateway for outsiders to accelerate and economy will be. That's why our economy developed So siapa yang masuk? Buruh luar Siapa buruh luar?
Buruh China, buruh India Hal ini juga menyebabkan Kehujungan masyarakat Berbilang kaum That's why now Malaysia Multiracial country Masyarakat berbilang kaum Because of that Yang penting adalah yang atas sekali Kenapa negeri selat digabungkan? Why? Thank you.
Memorise now in class itself. Okay, there's my map down there. Hubungan negeri-negeri Selat dengan negeri-negeri Melayu. Okay, negeri Selat, Pulau Pinang, Melaka, Singapura. Negeri-negeri Melayu, ada Selat Perak, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang.
Yang lain itu adalah negeri-negeri Melayu. Negeri-negeri Selat, Pulau Pinang, Melaka, Singapura. Naginagari Malayu So this one, you can see there, memerlukan asil ekonomi negeri-negeri Melayu untuk memajukan perdagangan. Contohnya, mereka memerlukan bijetima. Bijetima ada di negeri mana?
Perak, Selangor. Perak, Selangor. Ada banyak bijetima pada masa dulu.
So, dari Perak, Selangor, bijetima hantar kemana? Ke Negeri Selat. So that's why they put the two arrows there.
Can you see? They are not just cities. They need the economy of the Malay countries to advance the trade.
They need the economy. And the Malay countries need ports. Because like Perak, Selangor, no port.
Where are the ports? Pulau Pina, Pulau Kampung, Pulau Pulau. So they need the ports of Selat to trade the economy.
So to do business, send to the ports. The ports are in the Selat. So there's a two arrow.
maksudnya salin bergaya Depend to each other. Maksudnya, negeri-negeri selat ada pelabuhan. Negeri-negeri Melayu ada apa? Jendima. Jendima.
So, itu adalah saling bergantung. That's why they show the two arrow there. Next one.
Book of Surat 48 Pentadbiran Negeri-Negeri Selat Mula-mula Now they already form ready Sudah pun digabungkan They already combine already Look at the title Negeri-Negeri Selat dibawa kerajaan British di India So now all they combine ready Tapi pejabat tu ada di India The offices at India Sebab kita sudah pun belajar sebelum British datang ke tanah Melayu. British India after India only they come to Pulau Pinang Clear or not? So, where are their workers now? In India Look at the first one The first country under SHDI The first country under SHDI is led by the Governor Who is the leader? Governor Second, the Resident Consular is helping the Governor to run the elections You can see the mind map here Fahamkan dulu?
If you see the mind map, paling atas gabenai negeri-negeri selat. Di bawah tu, resident consular Pulau Pinang, resident consular Singapura, resident consular Melaka. Make it safe.
Tadi kita belajar sebelum negeri selat berbeza. Tapi lepas digabungkan, all safe. That's why the point just now is studying menyeragamkan pentadbiran.
Make it safe. But who is the leader? Ketua Gabena Of the Gabena This white name is important Ketua Gabena Negeri-Negeri Selan Lagi Ketua Gabena General British SAITI India Sebab pejabat tu So the top governor general Kedua governor Ketiga The president consular Memorise this Page 49 Negeri-negeri selat di bawah Punjab The paragraph.
Golongan pedagang dan penduduk tempatan. The people. Penduduk. Pedagang tu siapa?
The people who do business. Pedagang. Tidak berpuas.
Not satisfied with the Indian office As I said, the office is in India But the residents and the traders are not satisfied They are not happy Why they are not happy? That is the yellow box That is the yellow box You see that? The office of the British in London was taken over by the administration of the United Nations Because the people, the merchants are not satisfied They are not satisfied So what happened? Pejabat di India telah ditukar ke pejabat di London Why? That is a yellow box Look at the title Faktor pemindahan Faktor tu apa?
Sebab Why? Sebab pemindahan pertanberan negeri-negeri selat ke pejabat tanah jajan London Why from India they changed the offer? office to London. So the first point, tiada wakil negeri-negeri selang dalam majlis perundangan di India.
That means at the India there, no wakil. Tiada wakil. No representative there. Tiada wakil. Itu satu masalah.
That means from here there's no wakil go there. Tiada wakil. Second one, pejabat India gagal, fail.
Mengawal masalah, rompakan. Apa maksudnya? What does it mean? What is stolen?
Trade ships They do business, they come by the ship Trade ships Trade ships are stolen They don't steal the ship Nobody can steal the ship The ship goes in The pirates will go in They take all the things That is what we call Rompakan Not Rompakapal Rompah barah nandala So you see the point there? Perjabat India gagal, fail, mengawal masalah rompakan terhadap kapal dagang dan pertelingkan kumpulan China di negeri-negeri selan. Satu masalah gagal mengawal masalah rompakan.
Cannot control the theft. Lagi satu pertelingkan. Apa maksud pertelingkahan? Pergaduhan. Pertelingkahan means fight, Chinese group.
This story, you will learn detail in part 3. Indian officials failed to control the problem of the robbery against the merchant ship. Another one, Chinese group. The Chinese gang, they fight. Chinese group. The third, Indian officials want to make the money of India.
Because you know India their currency is rupee. So they want to make rupee sebagai mata uang negeri-negeri selan menggantikan mata uang dollar Spanyol yang sudah lama digunakan. Sudah lama mereka gunakan mata uang dollar Spanyol. So the pejabat India, they want to change to rupee. So they don't want that lah.
So ini adalah tiga sebab penting kenapa faktor pemindahan pentadbiran negeri-negeri They were selected to the London Land Office. Why did they change it to London? These are the three important reasons.
Three important reasons. One, there were no lawyers. Another reason, the Indian office failed to manage the problem of the shipwreck and the Chinese group was arrested.
Another reason, the Indian office wanted to exchange the rupee for the dollar. They wanted to exchange it, so they said never mind. Perjamban ditukar ke? London so there is a story look at a mind map there so now they already changed to London Pejabat Tanah Jajahan di London siapa ketuanya Gabena Gabena Negeri Neselan but this extra notes they got two majlis majlis is not function majlis is not a function this majlis is like a persatuan like a group so ada dua majlis majlis executive majlis perhutangan ada dua majlis Majlis executive, majlis perundangan.
Majlis executive, apa tugasnya? Mengurus hal pantal peran, management. Majlis executive.
Majlis perundangan? Majlis perundangan, rules. So, menggubal undang-undang. Apa maksud menggubal? Create, make the rules.
Menggubal undang-undang. So, this is a dual-event, executive-event. So now, pejabat tu sekarang terletak di mana?
London. Sudah pun ditukar ke London. So the chapter is over.