in this video we're going to discuss that on the pelvic quadrants we're going to talk about how those quadrants are formed and then we're going to provide examples of organs for each of these quadrants so we already know that verb the endopelvic cavity is a cavity that's inferior to the thoracic cavity and it's separated from the thoracic cavity by the diaphragm so as we talk about the abdominal pelvic quadrants always keep in mind that this diaphragm is our superior landmark so uh what i have on for whiteboard is a little dot and this dot is going to represent our belly button and in fancy terminology the belly button is known as the umbilicus so the umbilicus is going to be one of the landmarks that will help us create both quadrants if we draw two perpendicular lines through umbilicus one vertical and one horizontal what we are going to get is four squares and those squares are called quadrants now we have two upper quadrants so we're gonna mark them as uq upper quadrant and then we have two lower quadrants so lq lq but we have four of them which means that uh to be more specific in terms of what quadrant we're discussing we are going to add the sides right and left so um if we think about anatomical position remember we are facing the person in anatomical position so we see an array image which means this is going to be the right side so we have right upper quadrant right lower quadrant and then this is going to be our left side so we're going to have left upper quadrant and left lower quadrant okay so again remember anatomical position the person is standing erect is facing us palms are forward feet are flat on the floor kind of at shoulder width um and because of this anatomical position that's used as a reference we distinguish between the right and the left sides of the body but remember we are facing by person so right is going to always be here and left is always going to be there all right so we've talked about how these quadrants are created but now let's look at some of the organs that we are going to find within uh all of these quadrants we're not naming all the organs because there is a lot of them but we're going to name some major ones in each of the quadrants so we're going to start with the right upper quadrant we're going to have here the liver and the gallbladder which is located immediately inferior to the liver we're going to add the right kidney so right kidney we're going to put part of the large intestine known as the transverse colon so transverse so that's on the right side and it's the right uppercut let's look at the right lower quadrant the right lower quadrant is going to have our appendix and this appendix is actually attached to the cecum which is also part of a large intestine and it's also seen in this right lower quadrant we're going to put a couple of organs of the reproductive system so in females the right ovarian and the right uterine tube and then finally we're going to place the right ureter and this is that muscular tube that connects the uh kidneys to the urinary blood okay now we're going to switch to the left and on the left side we are going to have a spleen in the left upper quadrant most of the stomach and then we're going to look on the right upper quadrant and we're going to reuse some of these organs only on the left so the left kidney and then the left side of the transverse colon and that leaves us with the left lower quadrant so in the left lower quadrant we're going to have a part of a large intestine known as the sigmoid colon it gets this name because as it enters the pelvic cavity it kind of curves and it resembles the shape of letter s we're going to reuse these two organs only on the left because they are paired organs so left over in and left uterine tube and then finally we're going to put the left editor so we've mentioned um some some of the major organs that we see in all those patterns it is however important to add one more organ here because it actually spills into all four quadrants we have a very long tube located in the um abdominal cavity known as the small intestine so i will abbreviate it as si but the small intestine due to its length is actually seen in all of those quadrants so the question is why are we talking about quadrants and what kind of importance do they have for clinical practice well if you think about invertor pelvic cavity we have lots and lots of organs if we have certain diseases that affect specific organs uh knowing exactly what quadrant they project to is allowing us to kind of eliminate everything else so for example if we have pain in the right lower quadrant we're going to concentrate on diseases that may be affecting these organs that project in the right lower quadrant instead of looking at the organs in the left upper quadrant so it actually makes the diagnosis process faster and it allows us to get to the bottom of the patient's pain a little bit faster