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Patellar Reflex Assessment

Oct 19, 2025

Overview

This lecture explains how to assess the patellar deep tendon reflex, including correct technique, anatomical landmarks, and expected response.

Purpose & Anatomy

  • The patellar reflex assesses neurological function of spinal cord levels L2 to L4.
  • The patellar tendon is located just below the kneecap (patella).

Procedure Steps

  • Have the patient extend their leg to help the patellar tendon become visible.
  • Place your hand behind the patient’s knee for support and to promote relaxation.
  • Locate the tendon below the kneecap.
  • Tap the tendon briskly using a reflex hammer.
  • Observe for extension (outward movement) of the lower leg as a normal response.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Patella — the kneecap bone at the front of the knee.
  • Tendon — tough, fibrous tissue connecting muscles to bones.
  • Patellar Reflex — automatic lower leg extension in response to tapping the patellar tendon, testing L2–L4 spinal levels.
  • Deep Tendon Reflex (DTR) — an involuntary muscle contraction in response to a tendon tap, used to assess neurological function.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Practice performing patellar reflex assessment.
  • Watch additional videos on how to check the other four deep tendon reflexes.