Counseling Theories and Techniques Overview

Aug 22, 2024

Counseling Theories, Tools, and Techniques Lecture Notes

Introduction

  • Focus: Board Licensure Examination for Guidance Counselors
  • Topics: Counseling theories, tools, techniques

Question 1: Important Professional Code in Counseling

  • Question: What is the important professional code?
    A. Informed consent
    B. Unconditional positive regard
    C. Competence
    D. Empathy
  • Correct Answer: C. Competence
    • Explanation: Competence means having the knowledge and skills to perform services in the profession.
    • Informed Consent: Provides clients with relevant information about treatment (not the correct answer).
    • Unconditional Positive Regard: A term from humanistic psychotherapy (not the correct answer).
    • Empathy: Expression of respect for client experiences (not the correct answer).

Question 2: Psychological Defense Mechanisms

  • Question: Occurs when clients project unacceptable thoughts onto another person.
    A. Projection
    B. Reaction formation
    C. Displacement
    D. Repression
  • Correct Answer: A. Projection
    • Reaction Formation: Hiding true feelings by demonstrating opposite feelings (not the correct answer).
    • Displacement: Shifting impulses to a less dangerous target (not the correct answer).
    • Repression: Forgetting emotionally painful memories (not the correct answer).

Question 3: Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy Technique

  • Question: Clients lay on a couch and talk freely.
    A. Dream analysis
    B. Transference
    C. Free association
    D. Hypnosis
  • Correct Answer: C. Free association
    • Dream Analysis: Involves interpretation of dreams (not the correct answer).
    • Transference: Projecting feelings about someone onto the therapist (not the correct answer).
    • Hypnosis: Inducing a hypnotic state (not the correct answer).

Question 4: Adlerian Therapy Techniques

  • Question: Techniques used in Adlerian therapy.
    A. Dream analysis
    B. Early recollections
    C. Family constellation
    D. Dysfunctional thought record
  • Correct Answer: D. Dysfunctional thought record
    • Dream Analysis: Used in psychoanalysis.
    • Early Recollections: Narration of childhood events.
    • Family Constellation: Examines family dynamics.

Question 5: Adler's Child Position Theory

  • Question: Which child feels like royalty?
    A. Oldest
    B. Middle
    C. Youngest
    D. Only child
  • Correct Answer: C. Youngest child
    • Oldest Child: Often responsible and may feel bossy.
    • Middle Child: May feel overlooked, develops sensitivity.
    • Only Child: Receives plenty of attention but may struggle with peer relationships.

Question 6: Family Therapy

  • Question: Examining family communication and relationships to help individuals.
    A. Gestalt therapy
    B. Existential therapy
    C. Family therapy
    D. Solution-focused brief therapy
  • Correct Answer: C. Family therapy
    • Gestalt Therapy: Focuses on unfinished business.
    • Existential Therapy: Aims for clients to understand their worldview.
    • Solution-focused Brief Therapy: Concentrates on solutions rather than problems.

Question 7: Exception Questions in Solution-Focused Brief Therapy

  • Question: Example of an exception question.
    A. Miracle question
    B. Presupposing change question
    C. "Tell me about times you felt happiest"
    D. Scaling question
  • Correct Answer: C. "Tell me about times you felt happiest"
    • Miracle Question: How will the future be when the problem is gone.
    • Scaling Question: Helps clients visualize their situation.

Question 8: William Glasser's Reality Therapy

  • Question: Founded on fulfilling five basic needs.
    • Correct Answer: D. Self-actualization (not one of the five needs)
    • Five Basic Needs: Survival, love and belongingness, power, freedom, fun.

Question 9: Counseling Orientation

  • Question: Therapist helps client realize negative thoughts maintaining depression.
    A. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
    B. Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
    C. Feminist Therapy
    D. Narrative Therapy
  • Correct Answer: A. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
    • Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy: Focuses on challenging self-defeating thoughts.
    • Feminist Therapy: Addresses gender-related issues and identity.
    • Narrative Therapy: Focuses on transforming the effects of the problem.

Question 10: Termination of Therapy

  • Question: Clients are ready to terminate therapy when they understand their historical roots.
    A. Multicultural counseling
    B. Behavioral counseling
    C. Adlerian counseling
    D. Psychoanalytic counseling
  • Correct Answer: D. Psychoanalytic counseling
    • Multicultural Counseling: Focuses on cultural issues.
    • Behavioral Counseling: Targets unwanted behavior.
    • Adlerian Counseling: Looks at individual strivings and connections.

Conclusion

  • Encourage comments on scores.
  • Reminder to like and subscribe for more content.

Full transcript