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Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021 Systems approach to cancer cancer metabolism and relevance of special diets
SYSTEMS APPROACH TO CANCER - MONTH 4
DR NINA FULLER-SHAVEL
MA HONS (CANTAB) MB BCHIR IFMCP DIPIM PG CERT DIPION RYT200 Disclaimer
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Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel Ltd provides healthcare information to registered healthcare practitioners and offers the opportunity to hear the views, recommendations and experiences of other practitioners. Research discussed in this course on cancer and the application of nutrients, herbs and other health-related information regarding cancer is not a substitute for medical advice and standard of care treatment.
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Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel Ltd has not evaluated the legal status of herbs, products, services or recommendations with respect to individual scope of practice. Practitioners are advised to consult their professional association for further guidance. Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel Ltd does not and cannot accept responsibility for errors or omissions or for any consequences from applications of the information provided and makes no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the information provided.
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This education programme is not intended to diagnose, treat or cure any disease.
> Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021
Dr Ninas systems approach to cancer
Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021
Systems approach to cancer
Healthy microbiome balance and GI function
Balanced immune function
Effective detoxification
Healthy circulation and tissue architecture
Mitochondrial and metabolic health
Hormone balance
Balanced methylation and genomic stability
Mental/ emotional/ spiritual health and biorhythms Normal metabolism
Regulation of catabolic vs anabolic pathways via nutrient and GF sensing vs autonomous growth in cancer
> Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021
Cancer metabolism
Rapidly proliferating cells require both energy + metabolic substrates for growth
Key changes in metabolism:
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Elevated glucose uptake and glycolysis
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Aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) occurs not as a consequence of metabolic failure but as a specific adaptation to the requirement to produce energy and cell building blocks rapidly
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Increased glutamine uptake and utilisation
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Enhanced lipid and nucleotide biosynthesis
Remember that cancer cells can use a whole variety of substrates for growth so the concept of starving the cancer starves the person
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We should instead be focused on both macro level of supporting the whole person and their physiological system (unplugging the root cause drivers in the process), as well as at micro level looking at personalised blockade according to up-to-date molecular diagnostics (precision oncology)
> Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021
Key consequences of aerobic glycolysis and lactate production
Rapid ATP generation
Production of intermediates to make cell building blocks to support rapid proliferation
Adaptation to hypoxia and fluctuations in oxygen environment within the tumour
Acidification of tumour microenvironment and suppression of effective anti-tumour immune response
> Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021
# Overview
Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021 Glucose metabolism in cancer -aerobic glycolysis
> Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021
## Glucose metabolism and biosynthetic pathways
> Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021
## TCA cycle and biosynthetic pathways
> Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021
Glutamine metabolism in cancer
> Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021
Replenishment of TCA cycle intermediates (anaplerosis) is essential to maintain production of metabolites for biosynthetic reactions and provide ATP via OXPHOS
Glutamine maintains the flux through the TCA cycle and plays a critical role in maintaining mitochondrial bioenergetics Glutamine metabolism in cancer
> Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021
# This is not the full extent of metabolic ciomplexity
> Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021
## Glycolytic pathway targeting
Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021 Metabolic pathways fatty acid synthesis
> Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021
Cancer stem cell metabolism
Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021 Special diets
Ketogenic diet in cancer must be anti-inflammatory
FMD/IF/TRF
Protein restriction
Various amino acid restrictions, e.g. serine, methionine
> Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021
## Special diets potential ideas (early research)
> Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021
Summary
Very early on in research cell studies cannot be relied on
Practically restricting single amino acids can be tough in real life outside the research setting
Most practical regimes to use at the moment are:
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Baseline anti-inflammatory low GL high phytonutrient moderate protein wholefood-based diet
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Anti-inflammatory KD
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TRF
> Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021
References
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Lin J, Xia L, Liang J, Han Y, Wang H, Oyang L, Tan S, Tian Y, Rao S, Chen X, Tang Y, Su M, Luo X, Wang Y, Wang H, Zhou Y, Liao Q. The roles of glucose metabolic reprogramming in chemo- and radio-resistance. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2019 May 23;38(1):218.
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Mendelsohn, J., In Gray, J. W., In Howley, P. M., In Israel, M. A., & In Thompson, C. (2015). The molecular basis of cancer.
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Pistollato F, Giampieri F, Battino M. The use of plant-derived bioactive compounds to target cancer stem cells and modulate tumor microenvironment. Food Chem Toxicol. 2015 Jan;75:58-70.
> Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021
References
Varghese E, Samuel SM, Lkov A, Samec M, Kubatka P, Bsselberg D. Targeting Glucose Metabolism to Overcome Resistance to Anticancer Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel). 2020 Aug 12;12(8):2252.
Wanders D, Hobson K, Ji X. Methionine Restriction and Cancer Biology. Nutrients. 2020 Mar 3;12(3):684. doi: 10.3390/nu12030684.