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Markdown Content: Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021 Systems approach to cancer cancer metabolism and relevance of special diets

SYSTEMS APPROACH TO CANCER - MONTH 4

DR NINA FULLER-SHAVEL

MA HONS (CANTAB) MB BCHIR IFMCP DIPIM PG CERT DIPION RYT200 Disclaimer

Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel Ltd provides healthcare information to registered healthcare practitioners and offers the opportunity to hear the views, recommendations and experiences of other practitioners. Research discussed in this course on cancer and the application of nutrients, herbs and other health-related information regarding cancer is not a substitute for medical advice and standard of care treatment.

Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel Ltd has not evaluated the legal status of herbs, products, services or recommendations with respect to individual scope of practice. Practitioners are advised to consult their professional association for further guidance. Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel Ltd does not and cannot accept responsibility for errors or omissions or for any consequences from applications of the information provided and makes no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the information provided.

This education programme is not intended to diagnose, treat or cure any disease.

Dr Ninas systems approach to cancer

Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021

Systems approach to cancer

Healthy microbiome balance and GI function

Balanced immune function

Effective detoxification

Healthy circulation and tissue architecture

Mitochondrial and metabolic health

Hormone balance

Balanced methylation and genomic stability

Mental/ emotional/ spiritual health and biorhythms Normal metabolism

Regulation of catabolic vs anabolic pathways via nutrient and GF sensing vs autonomous growth in cancer

Cancer metabolism

Rapidly proliferating cells require both energy + metabolic substrates for growth

Key changes in metabolism:

Elevated glucose uptake and glycolysis

Aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) occurs not as a consequence of metabolic failure but as a specific adaptation to the requirement to produce energy and cell building blocks rapidly

Increased glutamine uptake and utilisation

Enhanced lipid and nucleotide biosynthesis

Remember that cancer cells can use a whole variety of substrates for growth so the concept of starving the cancer starves the person

We should instead be focused on both macro level of supporting the whole person and their physiological system (unplugging the root cause drivers in the process), as well as at micro level looking at personalised blockade according to up-to-date molecular diagnostics (precision oncology)

Key consequences of aerobic glycolysis and lactate production

Rapid ATP generation

Production of intermediates to make cell building blocks to support rapid proliferation

Adaptation to hypoxia and fluctuations in oxygen environment within the tumour

Acidification of tumour microenvironment and suppression of effective anti-tumour immune response

Overview

Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021 Glucose metabolism in cancer -aerobic glycolysis

Glucose metabolism and biosynthetic pathways

TCA cycle and biosynthetic pathways

Glutamine metabolism in cancer

Replenishment of TCA cycle intermediates (anaplerosis) is essential to maintain production of metabolites for biosynthetic reactions and provide ATP via OXPHOS

Glutamine maintains the flux through the TCA cycle and plays a critical role in maintaining mitochondrial bioenergetics Glutamine metabolism in cancer

This is not the full extent of metabolic ciomplexity

Glycolytic pathway targeting

Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021 Metabolic pathways fatty acid synthesis

Cancer stem cell metabolism

Dr Nina Fuller-Shavel 2021 Special diets

Ketogenic diet in cancer must be anti-inflammatory

FMD/IF/TRF

Protein restriction

Various amino acid restrictions, e.g. serine, methionine

Special diets potential ideas (early research)

Summary

Very early on in research cell studies cannot be relied on

Practically restricting single amino acids can be tough in real life outside the research setting

Most practical regimes to use at the moment are:

Baseline anti-inflammatory low GL high phytonutrient moderate protein wholefood-based diet

Anti-inflammatory KD

TRF

References

Lin J, Xia L, Liang J, Han Y, Wang H, Oyang L, Tan S, Tian Y, Rao S, Chen X, Tang Y, Su M, Luo X, Wang Y, Wang H, Zhou Y, Liao Q. The roles of glucose metabolic reprogramming in chemo- and radio-resistance. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2019 May 23;38(1):218.

Mendelsohn, J., In Gray, J. W., In Howley, P. M., In Israel, M. A., & In Thompson, C. (2015). The molecular basis of cancer.

Pistollato F, Giampieri F, Battino M. The use of plant-derived bioactive compounds to target cancer stem cells and modulate tumor microenvironment. Food Chem Toxicol. 2015 Jan;75:58-70.

References

Varghese E, Samuel SM, Lkov A, Samec M, Kubatka P, Bsselberg D. Targeting Glucose Metabolism to Overcome Resistance to Anticancer Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel). 2020 Aug 12;12(8):2252.

Wanders D, Hobson K, Ji X. Methionine Restriction and Cancer Biology. Nutrients. 2020 Mar 3;12(3):684. doi: 10.3390/nu12030684.