Protein Plaque: Present on the internal surface of each cell's plasma membrane.
Protein Filaments: Extend from protein plaques through the plasma membrane and anchor to each other outside the cell.
Intermediate Filaments: Part of cell cytoskeleton, anchor to the protein plaque inside each cell.
Function: Provides structural support to cells.
Belt Desmosomes
Similar to spot desmosomes, with proteins extending from a central protein plaque.
Hemidesmosomes
Similar to spot desmosomes but connect the cell to another body structure.
Gap Junctions
Form channels between adjacent cells.
Structure:
Connexons: Fluid-filled tunnels formed by membrane proteins.
Function: Allow certain substances and impulses to pass directly from one cell to another.
Tight Junctions
Formed by plasma membrane proteins connecting cells.
Function:
Prevent substances from passing between cells.
Require substances to pass through cells, providing protection to body structures.
Summary
Cell connections provide structural support, facilitate communication between cells, and ensure the protection of body structures by controlling substance passage.