Target Behavior: A behavior chosen for change using Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA).
Should be positive and focus on actions the individual should perform.
Must be observable and measurable.
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA): Uses principles of classical and operant conditioning to influence behavior changes.
Operational Definition of Behavior
Describes how a concept operates or functions.
Allows precise identification and measurement of behavior.
Important in avoiding misidentifying behaviors, especially in educational settings.
Why Define Target Behavior Operationally?
Ensures clarity and objectivity.
Helps in accurately identifying and measuring the behavior.
Prevents misidentifying similar behaviors.
Importance in Social Context
Social Significance: Behavior must have relevance and long-term benefits.
Important considerations include:
Safety and frequency of occurrence.
Long-standing vs. new behaviors.
Likelihood of success and potential for reinforcement.
Examples of Target Behaviors
Classroom Setting:
A student arriving late – Target behavior is arriving early, with reinforcement through extra credit.
Sharing in preschool – Target behavior is sharing toys with others, discouraging taking toys.
Personal Habits:
Smoking – Replacing smoking with nicotine gum as the target behavior.
Prioritizing Target Behaviors
Address behaviors posing danger or occurring frequently.
Focus on behaviors with the highest chance of successful change.
Characteristics of Well-Defined Target Behavior
Clear and Concise: Easily understood by any observer.
Objective: Free from subjective interpretation.
Measurable: Quantifiable metrics such as time or frequency.
Additional Context
A target behavior example from a case study:
Leo, a student, is disruptive and not complying with rules. Target behaviors focus on positive actions like staying seated or asking questions appropriately.
Lesson Summary
Target behaviors should be positive, socially significant, and operationally defined.
Prioritization based on safety, frequency, and potential benefits is crucial.
Effective in educational settings to address and improve student behavior.