[Music] welcome to my youtube channel diversity of plants soon before starting my today's video i request you all to please subscribe my youtube channel today's topic of my video is about introduction to george benton so let's start the video [Music] george bentham george panther was born on the 22nd of the september in 1800 and he did on the 10th of september 1884. so he was an english botanist described by the wheat bhutanese duane iceland as the premier systematic bhutanese of the 19th century born into a distinguished family he initially studied law but had a fascination with the botany from an early age which he soon pursued became president of the lenient society in 1861 and a fellow of the royal society in 1862 he was the author of a number of important botanical works particularly flora he is best known for his taxonomy classification of plants in collaboration with the jones dalton hookah his gender plant room the time period was 1862-1883 he died in london in 1884. [Music] george bentham as shown in the figure [Music] biography includes the date of birth so he was born on the 22nd of the september 1800 in stroke plymouth in england and dead on the 10th of september 1884 at the age of 83 in london england nationality english sports sarah jones awards royal medal of the royal society in 1859 clock medal of the royal society of new south wales in 1879 scientific career includes the fields like botany institutions royal botanic gardens skew author abroasion botany bent next i'm going to discuss about his life beth was born in stroke plymouth on the 22nd of the september in 1800 his father sir samuel bentham a neville architect was the only brother of the jeremy bentham to survive into the adulthood his mother mary sofia bentham was a bhutanestan author bentham had no formal education but he had a remarkable linguistic aptitude by the age of seven he could speak french german and russian and he learned the swedish during a short residence in [Music] sweden while still a child the family made a long tour to france staying two years at montouban where the phantom studied hebrew and mathematics in the protestant theological school they eventually settled near the montpelier where the sir samuel bought a large estate while studying at the angling bantam came across a copy of apd candles flurry francie and became interested in the analytical tables for the identification of the plants so he immediately tested them on the first plant he saw the result was successful and he applied it to the every plant he came across in london in 1823 he met the english bhutanese his uncle pushed him to study law at the link queens lincoln's in he was called to the bar and in 1832 held his first and only legal brief however his interest in what he never flagged and he became secretary of the horticultural society of london from 1829 to 1840. in 1832 he inherited the property of his uncle jeremy bentham having inherited his father's estate the previous year he was now sufficiently well off to do whatever he wanted which was botany [Music] jurisprudence and logic bentham married sarah jones in the time period of 1798-1881 daughter of the sir offered jones bridges on the 11th of april 1833 and they didn't have children bentham dead at his london home on the 10th of the september 1884 at the age of 83 he was entered in brompton [Music] simulatory next i'm going to discuss about his career which includes the views on the evolution bentham's life span the derwenian revolution and his young colleague joseph delton hooker was derwent's closest friend and one of the first to accept the darwin's ideas until then bentham and questingly believed that species were fixed in 1874 he wrote that 15 years have been sufficed to establish a theory of evolution by natural selection bentham's conversion to a new line of the thought was complete and included a change from typology in taxonomy to an appreciation that we cannot form an idea of a species from a single individual nor of a genus from a single one of its species we can no more set up a typical species than a typical individual next i'm going to discuss about his honors and awards bent was awarded the royal battle of the royal society in 1859 and elected a fellow in 1862. he served as president of the lenin society of london from 1861-1874 he was elected a foreign honorary member of the american academy of arts and sciences in 1866. [Music] he was appointed cmg companion of dissent michael and saint george in 1878 his foreign awards included the glock medal of the royal society of new south wales in 1879. [Music] next time going to discuss about his works bentham's first publication was his catalogue d plants indigene d pretty e [Music] paris 1826 the result of a careful exploration of perennials in company with the g a walker are in the time period of the 1799-1868 afterwards professor of the boarding the university of the glasgow [Music] in the catalog bentham adopted the principle from which he never deviated of citing nothing yet second hand this was followed by articles on various legal subjects on the codification in which he disagreed with his uncle on the laws affecting thee [Music] lost me and on the law of the real property but the most remarkable production of this spirit was the outline of a new system of logic with critical examination of dr wicklings elements of logic 1827 in this the principle of the quantification of the predicate was the first explicitly explicitly stated this stanley javelins declared to be undoubtedly the most fruitful discovery made in the abstract logical science since the time of the aristotle before 60 copies had been sold the publisher became the bankrupt and the stock went for waste paper the book passed into the oblivion and it was not till 1873 that phantoms claim to priority where the family vindicated against those of sir william hamilton by the hibbert spencer in 1836 he published his labiatrium genre a species in preparing this work he visited between 1830 and 1834 every european herbarium several worse than once the following winter was passed into the vienna where he produced his [Music] commentary like lack immunoserum january boss published in the adults of the rihanna museum in 1842 he moved to the controllers in henry ford shell his chief occupation for the next few years was his contributions to the produce systematic naturalist rebny vegetables which was being carried on by his friend apd control in all these dealt with some of the 4730 species in 1844 he provided the botanical descriptions for the botany of the voyage of the hms sulphur the editor richard brinsley hence has been certain on the hms sulphur 1835-1841 while she explored the pacific cost of the americas [Music] in 1854 he found the maintenance of a herbarium and library too expensive he therefore offered them to the government on the understanding that they should form the foundation of such necessary aids to research in the royal botanic garden queue [Music] at the same time he contemplated the abandonment of the botanical work however he yielded to the persuasion of the sir william texan hooker john lindley and other scientific friends in 1855 he took up his residence in downton and worked at queue for five days a week [Music] with a brief summer holiday from this time onwards till the end of his life in 1857 the government sanctioned a scheme for the preparation of a series of loras or descriptions in the english language of the indigenous plants of british colonies and possessions benton begun with the flora hong kong enses in 1861 which was the first comprehensive work on any part of the little known flora of china and hong kong including the hong kong crontan this was followed by the flora australians in seven volumes stanford was 1863 to 1878 the first floor of any large continental area that had ever finished his greatest work was the gender platform began in 1862 and concluded in 1883 in collaboration with the jaws of dalton hookah his most famous work however was the handbook of the british flora began in 1853 and first published in 1858 this was used by students for over a century running into many editions after his death it was dated by hookah and was known simply as bentham and hooker he is most famous for his extensive and excellent classification of plants especially angiosperms along with hookah forming them bentham and hooker system which was published in three volumes as general platform between 1862 to 1883. next i'm going to discuss about the selected publications on the distribution of the monocotyledonous orders into primary groups more especially in reference to the australian flora with notes on the some points of the terminology journal of the lenient society of london botany 1588 490 to 520 february 1877. [Music] gender platform at exemplary in premise in herbarius cuvensibus servata definite tree volumes london l reef and co 1862 to 1883 outline of a new system of logic with a critical examination of doctor weekley's elements of logic lyndon hinton clock 1827 isbn nine five six 978059839564 one the botany of the white of hms sulphur and captain ed balcha the botanical descriptions by the george bentham text lords commissioners of the admiralty 1846 by the smith during co the standard author abbreviation bant is used to indicate this person is the author when citing a botanical name [Music] this is further explanation about the george benton george bentham was the third child and second son of the samuel bentham and mario sofia for dice [Music] his father inspector journal of naval works was ennobled in 1809 his mother was the eldest daughter of the doctor george for dies and 40 frs annotated physician jeremy bentham the well-known authority on the jurisprudence and ethics was his uncle bentham's early education was rather sporadic largely because of the pre-petatic family life and was provided mainly by the private tutors during his father's tour of duty the signed petersburg from the 1805-1807 his precocity was evidenced in the ace with which he acquired conversational proficiency in russian french and german and a knowledge of latin later in france bentham it entered the fatality of theology at monteven where he studied the french and latin light ritual natural philosophy mathematics and hebrew while indulging his taste for musing and drawing later in life he was able to read the botanical works in 14 languages and it is a tribute to his industry concentration and high powers of reception that he did so largely by his own efforts he first became interested in botany at the age of 17 during travels in france where he and his parents lived for 11 years it was the encouragement of his mother who was an accomplished gardener and a knowledgeable botanist and access to her copy of the elephant's dick and dolls florey francais whose analytical keys for the identification of plants appealed to his orderly mind that fostered a person for systematic partnering which became his consuming interest for all 50 years and to which he made outstanding contributions it was at montevideon that bantam made his first ride specimens and thus began a herbarium which through his own collecting purchase and gift amounted to over one leg specimens when he gave it to q in 1854. throughout the course of his studies he consistently worked at burton during his limited liar time he made his debut as the botanical author in the november 1826 with publication in paris of his catalog the plans andy jean d pereira etude bay dog as further testimony to his precocity and [Music] breadth of the intellectual achievement in 1827 he published the outlines of a new system of logic of which only about 60 copies were sold the rest owing to a financial crisis and the publisher were disposed of for waste paper bantam started law acting lincoln's inn and in november 1831 was called to the bar [Music] however in 1833 possessed of adequate wealth inherited from his father and his uncle he determined to give up the legal profession for botany on 11 of april 1833 bentham married sarah daughter of the hawford bridges one time british and why two poya they had no children bantam received many honors in cognition of his scientific achievements in 1828 he was admitted as a fellow of the lenient society of which he became president in 1861. in 1863 he was elected at forest having been awarded the society's royal medal in 1859 he received the lnt from the cambridge in 1874 and five years later was admitted to companionship of the order of saint michael in saint george from 1829-1814 was an extremely energetic and conscientious honorary secretary of the royal horticultural society and with john digni [Music] stirred its affairs through a very critical period bentham corresponded with the most of leading botanists of the day and gave unstinting [Music] help to the many who requested it his first major work which appeared between 1832 and 1836 was libiatron genre a species a masterly treatment of the very important family and in 1848 and the request of kendall he contributed a review of the group for the classic programmers subsequently he made additional contributions to his fundamental work once his collections in library were amalgamated by a generous gift in 1854 with those of the hookah at q bento was given special facilities to continue his research in the years of the intense effort which followed some of his greatest taxonomic publications were produced the gender plant from the time period was about 1862 to 1883. in every respect the fulfillment of complete collaboration with the jaws of delton hookah was the culmination of his scientific carrier this monumental synthesis was based on the critical analysis of the material in the queue herbarium and gardens and is a masterly and meticulous extension of control system bentham was one of the most unassuming of always regarding himself as an amateur and reluctant to accept any honor yet a man who is who in his [Music] literate concise and accurate writing did immense service to the systematic botany [Music] this is further explanation about the bentham george the time period 1 1800 to 1884 george bentham the time period was 1800 to 1884. botanist was born on the 22nd of the september 1890 stroke hampshire england the second son of dessert samuel bentham neville architect and mary sophia are the doctor daughter of the doctor george for dies frs in 1805 to 1807 the family lived at the est st or saint petersburg then moved to england and in 1814 began a lawyerly tour of the france [Music] at bentham first became acquainted with botany when he successfully identified a plant by using his mother's copy of decondos flory francais at one tuban he was enrolled in the fertility the theology but his interest included spanish music drawing and dancing in natural history for some years he managed his father's estate near montpelier and in 1825 he went to london where he met the several important botanists including the robert brown then busy with the collections buckwheat to him by the sir josh of banks their bantam had probably his first sight of the australian plants and particularly admired bronze drozera specimens in glasgow he met sir william hooker and george william arnott with a warm he later visited the preenies bentham's catalogue the plants antigen the brainy was published in 1826. [Music] after the french estate was told the family returned to england bantam sister his uncle jeremy bentham edited his father's paper on naval administration and then entered lincoln's inn he was called to the bar in 1831 but never practiced in 1826 he had been elected a fellow of the lenient society [Music] he became its president in 1861 but grew autocratic in the church and in 1874 vacated [Music] it in the resentment when a ruling was out watered in 1829 to 1840 he was secretary of the royal horticultural society in july 1830 brown proposed his name to the royal society but bentham withdrew in the number in sport scientific members who resented the election of the duke of sussex as president instead of the hosho he didn't come forward again for the election until 1862. bantam's first major botanical work libertarian general a species appeared between 1832-1836 on 11 of april 1833 he married sarah the youngest daughter of the sir hartford bridges and his wife sarah knee good widow of the richard we come they lived in london for two years before moving to the pantry last in hero fuchsia perfection by 1854 the growing cost of his herbarium and library led him to offer them to the government on condition they were housed at queue and made available for consenting consultation by visiting the bhutanese when this was arranged he was persuaded by sir william hooker not to abandon his own work benton moved with his wife to london and worked at queue writing up his notes each evening in a form ready for the printer apart from the numerous contributions to botanical literature bantu was particularly associated with the preparation of the first of the famous q series of the colonial floras flora hong kongensis in 1861 and flora australians 7 volumes 1663 to 1878. the manuscript of which was completed in 1870 the original plan to bring the [Music] ferdinand miller to the lantern to prepare the australian flora one no support from the colonial office and bentham undertook this task he later wrote with the assistance indeed but not the cooperation of the baron [Music] juan mueller this assistance being of the precisely the same description as the as that which i drive from the herbarium and north of a cunningham from the richter very of q from the published works of the hookahs and others who had worked in the harborian in the case of the baron juan mueller however the extreme level laboratory [Music] with which he gave up in my favorings on projects for a journal flora of australia and the great value for my purposes of the very numerous specimens of a species which he had collected into the melbourne herbarium the whole of which he unreservedly lent to me seemed to me to demand a special recognition in the title page of the flora which has thus being misconstrued into an indication of the cooperation miller's side of the story is turned in the m willis [Music] by their fruits a life of the ferdinand one mueller sydney 1949 flora australia answers still a classic was the first to cover any large continental area and one of the very few entirely written by one author it represents a [Music] prodigious intellectual effort never equaled taken with his other major work general plant from three volumes in the time period of 1862-83 done in collaboration with the jaws of delton hooker it is all the more remarkable because of bentham's age it was his last and lonely retirement he returned to the autobiography he had begun years before to read aloud to his wife until just before she did in 1880 it was based on his unpublished diaries in 1830 to 83 with a final entry my pen here came to grief after more than 28 years of constant and exclusive views [Music] with that pen he had written the entire manuscripts of his major work he did on the 10th of september 1884 childless bentham lived through the great change from the domination by the private botanist with his own financial resources to acceptance by the government of the responsibility for national scientific collections the banksian and brownian harburya reminded the property of robert brown until his death in 1858 when they were [Music] backward to james bennett though they reminded at the british museum sir william hooker's library and herbarium at guru reminded his private property but 11 years after his death in 1865 the government prevented its dispersal through sale by the auction the question of a national barium financed by the government came to a head with the erection of new british museum buildings in south in cincton when the rival claims of you and the british museum to be the main repository where were widely canvassed bentham strongly sported the claims of the cube before a royal commission in 1871 and in january 1873 was a signatory to uh memorial to w e gallstone his own diaries autobiography and papers remained at the royal botanical garden skew bentham was told of slender build known to his friends as a delightful companion he grew increasingly reserved in later years and younger brutalists came to regard him as cold and autocratic his comments could be scathing on work or views which he didn't approve among his honors were an honorary lld cantor 7 1874 a royal medal in 1859 the cmg in 1878 for the services to colonial science after the publication of laura australians's and the clock medal of the royal society of new south wales in 1879. portraits of the indian society include one by the laws [Music] dickinson painted in 1817 presented in february 1871 and a half length watercolor when bentham was 10 at a full length watercolor at 74 at 34 by the leblanc both presented by the jd hookah if you like my video please like and subscribe to my youtube channel thanks for watching thank you so much for your time in appreciation