Lecture Notes: Spyware and Bloatware

Spyware

• Definition: A type of malware that observes and collects data from a user's system.
• Functions:
  • Displays unwanted advertisements.
  • Steals personal information.
  • Commits affiliate fraud by leveraging online purchases.
• Installation:
  • Similar to viruses, spyware requires installation on the system.
  • Can be installed via peer-to-peer software, fake security software, or malicious email links.
• Capabilities:
  • Monitors browsing habits and reports back to attackers.
  • May include a keylogger that records every keystroke, collecting usernames, passwords, etc.
• Prevention and Removal:
  • Use anti-malware or anti-virus software to detect and prevent execution.
  • Research software before installation to avoid malicious software.
  • Maintain good backups for recovery in case of infection.
  • Use third-party software like Malwarebytes for detection and removal.

Bloatware

• Definition: Pre-installed applications on new devices, often added by hardware manufacturers.
• Characteristics:
  • Includes popular apps, but also unexpected ones like security tools and games.
  • Manufacturers are often paid to include these apps.
• Issues:
  • Consumes storage space that could be used for other applications.
  • May run automatically, affecting system performance.
  • Potential security vulnerabilities due to unknown weaknesses.
• Management:
  • Manual removal via operating system application lists or individual uninstaller programs.
  • Some bloatware may not have an obvious uninstall method.
  • Third-party uninstallers can help when standard removal methods fail.

Key Takeaways

• Be vigilant about what is installed on your computer to avoid spyware and bloatware.
• Regularly use and update anti-virus and anti-malware solutions.
• Always have a backup plan to recover from potential malware infections.
• Consider third-party solutions for persistent bloatware removal.