Hello biologists, in the previous video we learned about mitosis division that occurs in body cells. Have you watched it? Olive suggests that you watch the introductory video on mitosis first so that your understanding will be more solid when watching this video. In this video, we will discuss the cell cycle. What is its relationship with mitosis? Are you curious? Stay tuned! Friends, have you ever thought about how babies from when they are still in the womb can continue to grow and experience changes until they become perfect human forms or when our bodies are injured. How do cells work so that they can cover the wound? This event can actually occur because cells continue to produce new cells by dividing themselves. Well, the process of dividing stem cells and ending with the formation of daughter cells is what is called the cell cycle. Simply put, this cell cycle aims for the development and growth of the cells themselves. Okay, we already know what the cell cycle is. We will discuss the stages of the cell cycle. Olive said earlier that one of the stages of the cell cycle is the process of cell division or mitosis. In fact, mitosis which ends with cytokinesis is the shortest part of the cell cycle, you know, mitosis alternates with a longer stage called interphase. So, in essence, this cycle experiences an alternation of two core stages, namely interphase and mitosis. What is interphase? Before explaining, Olive wants to tell you a story first before the cell cycle begins. it turns out that the cell must grow first to copy DNA so that it can divide itself into two Well, this growth phase is called interphase for more details about this stage, let's look at the next explanation, interphase can be divided into three phases, G1 phase or gap one, S phase or synthesis and G2 phase or Gap 2 during the three phases of interphase, the cell is actually actively growing by producing cytoplasmic proteins including organelles such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in the G1 phase or chapter 1 the cell grows and forms a molecular wall in the synthesis phase the cell synthesizes a copy of DNA in its nucleus in the G2 or G2 phase the nucleus is wrapped by a nuclear membrane or nuclear envelope the nucleus contains one or more nucleoli two centrosomes have been formed by duplication of a single centrosome each centrosome contains two centrioles which function to separate DNA during the mitosis phase Well, in this phase the chromosomes are not yet visible individually because they have not been condensed Okay, after the G2 phase the cell is ready to enter the M phase or mitosis phase mitosis itself is divided into five phases namely prophase prometaphase metaphase anaphase and telophase then ends with cytoplasmic division namely cytokinesis the first stage of mitosis is prophase at this stage the nucleolus disappears the chromatin threads have condensed into chromosomes and can be seen by a light microscope each chromosome is duplicated into two identical chromatids connected at the centromere and along its arm by cohesin spindle consisting of centrosomes and microtubules begin to form centrosomes centrosomes move away from each other because they are pushed by microtubules that extend between them next is prometaphase in this phase the nuclear membrane is fragmented and microtubules that extend from the centrosome can enter the nuclear region the chromosomes are increasingly condensed and each chromatid now has a kinetochore which is a protein structure located at the centromere some microtubules are attached to This kinetochore is called a microtubule. This kinetochore is what pulls the chromosomes while the non-kinetochore microtubules can interact with the same type from the opposite pole so all the microtubules can get a partner, no one is single like you Oops, next there is metaphase, which is the longest phase of mitosis, which lasts about 20 minutes open Hi, in this phase, the centrosomes are at opposite poles, the chromosomes are lined up on the metaphase plate, so in the middle, guys, each chromosome, the kinetochore of the sister chromatid is attached to the microtubule of the kinetochore from the opposite pole, next is the anaphase stage, this is the shortest stage, guys, only a few minutes, anaphase begins when the cohesin protein is split and makes the two sister chromatids separate suddenly, each chromatid condenses into one whole chromosome, the two daughter chromosomes begin to move towards the opposite end of the cell when the kinetochore microtubules shorten because the microtubules are attached to the centromeres of the chromosomes move towards centromere first the cell will elongate when the non-kinetochore microtubules elongate at the end of anaphase both ends of the cell have the same and complete collection of chromosomes Well finally the last stage in mitosis is the telophase stage at this stage two daughter nuclei are formed in the cell the nuclear membrane appears from the fragments of the nuclear membrane of the parent cell the nucleolus reappears and the chromosomes become less condensed finally guys the last in the cell cycle is cytokinesis which is the division of the cytoplasm usually takes place at the end of telophase so that the two daughter cells appear shortly after mitosis ends in animal cells cytokinesis involves the formation of a splitting groove that divides the cell into two Well guys after all the processes are over the newly formed daughter cells will start a new life eh I mean will start their own new cycle which is the same cycle experienced by the parent Touched, guys and so on the cell cycle will occur until the living creature in question experiences death So how do you guys understand now? If anyone is still confused or there is an explanation from Olive that is not clear, please write it in the comments column. That's all the explanation from Olive about the cell cycle, I hope it's useful.