The Teacher and the Curriculum

okay we'll begin again the subject is the teacher and the curriculum and in here the chapter one entitled understanding the curriculum we have to once again unlock the meaning of the curriculum as defined in different contexts guys okay the first definition under the context or within the context of curriculum as a list of subjects so it is defined as the permanent or the traditional subjects offered in the school curriculum such as mathematics language science music arts and all others a very self-explanatory guest i don't want to expand in terms of this particular number one definition well second curriculum as a learning experience as learning experiences the students curricular and co-curricular activities and the learning experiences they encounter inside and outside school so curriculum can also be referring to the different curricular or co-curricular activities um encountered or experienced by the students in in the school or inside or outside the school guys so number three curriculum as intended learning outcomes otherwise known as objectives no kind of intended learning outcomes guys uh it used to be it was used to be called as objectives in today's um curriculum guide it is coined or turned as intended learning outcomes the objectives that the teachers want the students to attain to possess to have after the delivery of the discussion and the assessment tasks of course this definition includes a list of learning competencies or standards that students should learn in school in every topic or in every lesson plan or in every syllabus international level lesson plan is commonly used as or is commonly used in basic education when i say basic education we refer to kindergarten elementary grades junior high school and senior high school levels okay in tertiary education guys we refer to college um degree or courses degree programs now curriculum as planned learning experiences it includes documents specifying contents objectives general ideas of what students should know in schools or in a specific discipline now the words planned learning experiences of course it denotes the curriculum guide it refers to furthermore the syllabus or the syllabi for tertiary levels and in basic education of course it denotes the lesson plan in tertiary level guys we did not use the lesson planning because us or in congruence with chad policies teachers in tertiary level must have to prepare syllabus or syllabi and so we we we just follow we adhere of what is being articulated under the chain policies okay so in have you seen yourselves an actual syllabus guys yes sir yes so syllabus is highly similar to lesson plan syllabus it contains first the intended learning outcomes it is followed with the assessment task then teaching learning activity then the next column is the materials used in teaching a particular topic then references then remarks basically that is the kind of format that we use in our university guys in our institution so as i said intended learning outcomes is the first now it's written in the first column and it is followed with the assessment task why is assessment tasks follow following right after the intended learning outcomes column because basically the flow of the teaching learning process goes this way right first there are set of objectives then the teacher uh would write would write the the topics the references no lesson plan format the next would be the procedures or the teaching method that the teacher would do yeah in in delivering the educational process so under the teaching method it it comprises different teaching methods because the all teachers are allowable to do that to select their own preference their own method that they wanna utilize because that falls under academic freedom it's not for the teacher what kind of teaching method teaching strategy that he or she is going to employ once again it is granted under the academic freedom but the topics the contents the competencies which are going to be delivered to the students we have the standardized objectives where can we get those standardized objectives or intended learning outcomes it is in terms of the level it can be taken from the chaired memorandum order as specifically specified they're in whereas in department of education guys the intended learning outcomes it is oftentimes called in basic and as objectives guys they would get those things from the curriculum guide who made the curriculum guide who is show the question it's the department of education because basic education curriculum is under the umbrella of department of education all the schools private or public schools as long as they offer basic education kindergarten to senior high school they are under the command the the management the administration the the supervision of department of education whereas third study levels both public and private are under the command of commission on higher education i hope we we are clearing that so i'll proceed curriculum as a discipline it has its own principles theories and practices when we say discipline guys it is something like a science no a study of something so if we try to study the different types of curricula as part of a particular discipline then the definition given is it has its own principles theories and practices in fact every curriculum used or curricula employed utilized by different uh ministry of education department of education or whatsoever a particular country names its educational entity or agency guys it has its own contextual local operational definition of of curriculum but basically in the philippines again when we see curriculum we refer to a particular roadmap in basic ed it is called as curriculum guide in terms of education it's called as ched memorandum order on that particular cmo i just forgot the exact number of the cmo there in it is being specified the different subjects offered and the competencies that need to be acquired by the students on that particular subject on that particular degree program from first to fourth year okay that is the legal mantle that is that is the guide that no teacher or no president no principal or superintendent has to debate from because it is a legal standardized curriculum roadmap issued by respective educational um i mean yeah educational government entities you know like the chad commission on higher education and the department of education so curriculum as a content or subject matter guys this definition views curriculum as a series of topics under each subject area for instance in your case you're taking what is your course once again guys it's a course yes said english okay bsd english so b is an english degree program it is written in the ched memorandum order that all of you guys the students who are taking the course should take the following minor subjects major subjects and the total units that you have to acquire so you can be granted with the bsn major in english degree upon completion of all other requirements okay so curriculum is a content or subject matter guys each curriculum it has a series of different topics not just topics but also different set of competencies so from subject subject to um topics topics to intended learning outcomes and how would you attain the intended learning outcomes then that that focuses on the assessment task okay the assessment task or the evaluation part should should let the competencies emerge as attained by the students there must be verticalization or alignment from the objectives to the teaching learning activity and the assessment test whatever the objectives set by you regardless of the level whether it may be in basic ed or tertiary education guys it is constant it must be it must be aligned it must be parallel that your objectives must be the things that would come out after the students undergo the teaching learning activity and above all the assessment task or the evaluation part we call it assessment tasks in interstellar level but in basic ed it's called as evaluation now as what we have known under the five parts of the lesson plan objective subject matter procedures then evaluation and assignment right so whatever the objectives that you have written guys after the end of the lesson the students should have acquired the same and that is what we call alignment articulation verticalization okay never put something or never create an objective in which after the lesson that you have delivered after the assessment task that you have administered after all the students were not able to acquire the set of competencies the set of objectives or intended learning outcomes that you have written in your lesson plan or or in in your syllabus guys because that is an ingredient of the disaster right so once again there must be alignment verticalization parallelism among the following objectives teaching learning activity and assessment tests okay i hope you are clear in that different types of curriculum we have the ideal or recommended curriculum what is this thing this refers to what scholars propose as the most appropriate curriculum for the learners meaning a kind of curriculum studied upon developed and suggested proposed recommended by the scholars who study the particular curriculum what are the examples of this one different professional organizations or various programs of study in different universities may propose curriculum innovations or alternative curriculum content as a result of the researchers right again it is one though it is one of the goals of researchers that curriculum has to be innovative it should be addressing the changing needs of times it should be responsive to the needs of the current society that is why there's a must there's a need to revise every now and then the curriculum and before that will be sun is done there has to be empirical data that would be presented for the educator for yeah for the educators or educational managers to be persuaded that indeed there is a need to change the curriculum there's a need to revise there's a need to put some twists on it okay so next intended official or written curriculum what does this mean it refers to the official curriculum embodied and approved by the state no it is the curriculum prescribe the government example the kind of curriculum that we have right now in the keto 12 guys right so under threat also um chad memorandum order number 20 series of 2013 then tesla modules and competitions these are forms of curriculum and it is classified as written official and intended curriculum why is it official because the government prescribes this curriculum to be used in different levels of education on the elementary ladder or basic education ladder dip ed has to use curry has to use the keto 12 curriculum because it is mandated under under it is mandated either by department of education under a particular legal basis i just forgot the republic act well czed memorandum or chad curriculum for general education it is it is stated or embedded written in shared memorandum order number 20 series of 2013. what about the competencies offered and the different crash courses offered by tesla skills related programs so it has its own curriculum still you cannot offer something in which it does not have the legal basis so the legal basis of this curriculum in test day in chad and in even in department of education these are the following legal basis and for that these kinds of curricula are called as written official and intended curriculum or curricula okay number three implemented curriculum refers to the actual implementation of the curriculum or what teachers in the school teach well it's quite why it's quite ironic because there is this intended curriculum then why is this something why is there something called as implemented curriculum is there any possibility that the intended written official curriculum will not be carried out exactly as it is just because teachers educators have different types of practices in school in terms of delivering the different topics subjects contents intended learning outcomes as stated in the intended official written curriculum guys well well really realistically guys there are few there are few cases that exists like the implemented curriculum there are just some teachers maybe you know maybe uh they do not exactly follow what are the intended learning outcomes stated in the question guide or stated in the church memorandum order cases like that is it wrong for them to do that well legally yes legally yes because academic freedom does not entitle any teacher to modify the set of learning competencies or intended learning outcomes or objectives as provided under the curriculum guide or as provided under the chairman random order we should we must follow whatever the objectives being written there is no way for us to deviate because that is a standardized set of objectives or intended learning outcomes that should be taught to the students and students should have acquired those things okay limitations academic freedom what does academic freedom include it only covers the teaching methods and strategies assessment tasks or even assignment that a particular teacher wants to use prefers to utilize outside of that it does not cover academic freedom you cannot modify the contents you cannot modify the intended learning outcomes because it is what it is what is being written what are being written in the curriculum guide in the in the chain of random order must be followed guys in delivering the deliverables in imparting the skills the knowledge and the values to the student but if and when you add something in in addition to those competencies it's okay just don't please delete or eliminate some or if not few of the competencies stated or that the students ought to learn because that is unethical and that is unlawful what only teachers yeah what the what is only allowable for the teachers to do they can add something but never delete or eliminate something from the competencies stated in the curriculum guide or in the chairman of the morning do you follow so far yes sir okay achieve curriculum the result of the curriculum of what students actually learn in school so this kind of evaluation no say the key to 12 curriculum intends the students to be job ready business ready and college ready right now keto 12 has been implemented since 2016 i guess the senior high thing there should be some evaluations in order to ascertain and determine as to whether or not the goals of ketopel curriculum are being hit are being met are being achieved say from 2016 to 2021 how many of those students or senior high school graduates who got eventually a business who went to college or even got the job right after graduation guys or yeah many uh minutes years after months after they have been waited see and that is what we call as achieved curriculum examine determine ascertain assess evil weight whether or not the goals and objectives of the existing curriculum are being achieved because if not i mean if the achievement is at lower percentage it does not totally hit all the intended goals and outcomes there should be adjustments of the new curriculum or of the existing curriculum because if we just let that curriculum continue and after the empirical data slap on our face that there are some matters were not being hit or many matters were not being hit we're not being achieved we're not being consummated it's kind of it's kind of stupidity guys right so whatever the results of the empirical data or empirical study the government needs to adjust needs to be flexible just to meet both ends and just to provide continuously quality education for all the filipino people tested curriculum a set of learning number five data that is assessed in teacher made classroom test curriculum reference test and in standardized tests that's tested curriculum meaning a kind of curriculum that administers examinations tests evaluations assessment and so on i guess the curriculum has the the existing curriculum has this tested curriculum okay no one you can never find an institution that will never administer an examination right after the students are being taught right after the discussion that the teacher and students have made why assessment is significant why because it quantifies whether or not the students learn acquire procure the competencies expected as written in the lesson plan or the curriculum syllabus right so take note of that as as what you've learned guys in lesson plan writing after the teaching learning activity or the so-called procedures after the discussion interactive discussion or whatever strategies that the teacher uses guys it should be followed with assessment it should follow with evaluation to quantify to know to determine whether or not the students indeed learned and if they learned what percentage of the students attained expected learning outcomes or intended learning outcomes and if they attain the intended learning outcomes to what extent is to what extent is that okay to what extent is the attainment to what level is the acquisition of the intended learning outcomes and so on so entitlement curriculum very first of the people who refers to the people or the general society believe that learners should expect to learn in the educational system for them to become good members of the society so if other people would say to you this that there's no way of learning rather than being in school then those kind of people believe that entitlement curriculum is is the uh yeah it's the right is the right curriculum because we believe that students best learn when they are inside an educational institution not not i mean not all people believe this because even if we are not inside the school we are not inside the campus definitely our senses sense a lot of things which can be the source of our own lessons whether it may be academic or lifelong lessons guys okay number seven supported curriculum this refers to the curriculum that is reflected on or and shaped by the resources allocated to support or deliver the official curriculum so supported curriculum i guess have you heard about the term stakeholders have you heard about it so stakeholders guys it means the different people organizations involved in delivering the education it's divided into two the internal and external stakeholders from the word itself the adjective itself internal when we say internal stakeholders we are referring to the administrator school principal teachers and other non-teaching personnel inside the campus and even the students then external we are referring to parents non-civic organizations religious organizations non-government non-governmental organizations and the local barangay unit guys who are meant to help the school in delivering quality education because the school alone the principal the teachers alone could not exactly deliver to the greatest extent the expected and intended learning outcomes of the educational system collaboration is needed external and external internal and external stakeholders have to be on singular mind so they could uplift more lives so they could send the students to their respective rightful destinations in life which i believe will have positive implication to our country in general the one that we discussed yesterday so there must be a consistent persistent internal and ceasing support coming from both external and internal stakeholders for the betterment of the students for the welfare of the country okay null or sensor curriculum this way first of various curriculum contents or topics that's much that must be taught to the students as i said that i mean that must not be taught to the students why is it like this guys are there things not meant to be taught to students inside the campus i guess so yes we'll have the example of sex education there was an ongoing debate even up to this point whether or not to include sex education in senior high school right so when we say sex education it refers to the different uh do's and don'ts in engaging into you know into intercourse okay so for me basically guys i i am an advocate of that we want the students in senior high to be equipped with consciousness awareness knowledge and competencies so they could avoid that further transmission of sexually transmitted diseases unwanted pregnancies and other ill effects of ignorance of that thing since the thing is common to everybody i mean everyone and everybody whether we like it or not is it is or sex is in sorry sex is in instinctual by nature animals as we are human as we are every now and then we feel that desire okay if you don't believe it you i would encourage you to conduct an uh an experiment at the convenience of your home within your home and observe when the toy will reach the age of four months okay during four months stage of that puppy guys eventually that puppy will feel the urge okay so something like that so my own is here for me sex education should be taught to senior high school because it has been taught in college man i think so i the subject before that was named as i i forgot the the title of the subject okay going back hidden curriculum this refers to the various skills knowledge and attitudes that students learn in school as a result of the interaction with other students staff and faculty members yes you do not exactly learn only from the teachers themselves but there are other learning experiences that you are so unconscious of that you students have already been influenced with your peers with your classmates with your with your friends in school guys no because as i said i believe the principle of jean jacques russo that our mind is that our mind was empty by the time we were born we were delivered from the warm of our respective beloved mothers at that very moment our mind is empty or was empty guys and because of our senses from each stage of our life we learned it's just like a computer guys that we have just bought without installing applications and other software guys no matter how expensive the computer is it remains innotil it remains futile and it remains useless until the moment we decide to install a lot of softwares and from that moment and on we can use the computer efficiently and it brings us ease in doing things just because of the applications the same way when we were born our mind was empty we uploaded a lot of experiences experiences that become the sources of our different learnings learnings that we constantly apply while we are breathing while we still live while we are still not biting the dust okay so curriculum foundations guys do you have any questions so far no question okay um these are the following curriculum foundations psychology sociology anthropology and philosophy well psychology it's considered as a curriculum foundation because the learners and the learning theory are carefully studied upon in an educational process that is why as what we have noticed in this particular course you are taught with the professional education subjects right the psychological foundation the legal the historical the philosophical foundations of education you also study yeah the psychological foundation in which you are taught about the nature and being of a child from this particular age up to this particular age and each level or faces of a child's life we are taught with the nature with their nature for us to deal with them effectively properly and appropriately that's why we need to have the foundation of psychology right so sociology and anthropology guys um the definition of sociology guys it's the study of the society anthropology it's still a study of the society guys now in what particular way these two different disciplines have the same in common the society it is focusing on the study of the society what about the differences what are the boundaries the limitations of sociology and anthropology what are the remarkable lines that divide totally the two disciplines okay let me have or let me yeah let me answer it in sociology guys it's the society of the society that focuses on the human's collective behavior while in anthropology it is still a study of the society that focuses on human development and human culture okay let me let me give you the example if we study why sibuanos are so fascinated with sinolog that is anthropology okay why do the people in qatarkar really know how to make crispy chicharron it is part of the culture and therefore it is under the study of anthropology okay what about the human species evolution as propagated and advocated by charles darwin that we came from ape-like humanoids human development it's under the study of anthropology because charles darwin is known to be a great anthropologist of all times so let's talk about sociology sociology example why do the people in barangay macho city of guapo for instance um used illegal drugs why are there so many people from this guy from this barangay using illegal drugs for instance so the collective behavior of this particular group of group in the society if we study why they are engaged into such kind of bad advice then it is sociology why are so many people in cebu city engaging in themselves into into pre-marital sex for instance that is sociology okay why do the people in manila hate the development done by duterte administration in manila bay that is sociology collective behavior in the society is carefully studied upon is carefully evaluated it's sociology but if the behavior involves human culture anthropology i hope that is clear guys it will come out in the board examination um particularly in general education so philosophy it studies the nature and value of knowledge philosophy has civil parts no aesthetics logic metaphysics and so on the pursuit of the pursuit of wisdom that's philosophy these foundations have to be integrated in making the curriculum in evaluating the curriculum because these are highly essential these are highly needed that the curriculum should be based on different disciplines because through that we are creating an empirically based curriculum okay so let's go with curriculum conceptions if there are no questions guys curriculum conceptions there are six i guess six nisila my apology i am not able to accurately number it so yeah number one academic rationalist what does it say it's true says the importance of different bodies of knowledge known as disciplines or subject areas the one that we just said that the curriculum should be encouraged to different disciplines just like we make some researches it should be anchored to a particular theory to a particular you know studies now in curriculum making guys it's called as academic rationalist if we utilize different disciplines as our basis in crafting the curriculum now cognitive processes curriculum it seeks to develop a repertoire of cognitive skills that are applicable to a wide range of intellectual problems what does it mean have you heard about john piaget's theory of cognitive development so in the crafting of the curriculum we employ or we consider the theory of john piaget's cognitive development that is great no that is fantastic why because our curriculum made it has a basis and if we employ that it's what we call as cognitive processes curriculum humanistic curriculum stresses the idea that curriculum or education is an instrument for developing the full potential of students it seeks to help individuals discover and develop their unique identities it strikes us that curriculum should focus on the needs and interests of the individuals what theory in psychology that you could possibly relate to this particular humanistic curriculum guys very popular very famous theory in psychology the theory of the theory of individual differences what is the exact name of the theory guys differentiated instruction have you heard about the thing differentiated instruction theory yes sir yeah so that is the thing guys that is in accordance with humanistic curriculum that students need to be treated differently because each one of them has unique ability capability potential okay ideal it may seem if only teachers are having the ample and abundance of time to really utilize differentiated instruction theory then that is quite amazing but just try to imagine if you employ that kind of teaching strategy or method to your 50 learners you have to evaluate first and categorize them as to what particular differentiation they are inclined to right that's how meticulous it is to exactly do the so-called differentiate destruction then the teacher would have to utilize different kind of teaching strategy different kind of assessment per differentiation per group differentiation guys and just to just like imagine how tiresome how tiring would that be on the part of the teachers and how time consuming it is or throughout the teaching learning process right good thing if the teacher is only assigned to handle 10 students per classroom but if the situation doesn't go that way we know that reality that's why differentiated distraction is quite difficult to do but very fantastic to imagine okay next number four the social reconstructionist views the school or schooling as an agency for social change hence the curriculum should respond to the different needs issues problems demands of the society what does this mean guys when we say social reconstruction is it is anchored to the theory social reconstructivism okay what does it mean that in school in the campus in an educational institution guys the students should be taught with the different societal issues for them to engage with it for them to be totally conscious with it because in one way or another they are affected with it and eventually they will become part of the solutions they will help in addressing the different societal problems because they are taught with it they are aware they're conscious guys okay that social reconstructionist under the theory of social reconstructivism well next technological curriculum achieved curriculum or educational goals it views calling as a complex system that can be analyzed into constituent components what do we mean by this so technological curriculum guys from the word itself technological we have to employ technology in analyzing the different con constituents in analyzing the different components of the educational process for instance instead of having the traditional traditional lesson plan the teacher has to consume a lot of hours daily especially if you are teaching elementary education guys my god it's so it's house it's so exhausting guys okay it's quite draining so hopefully the leaders the educational managers guys must have to realize that it's time for them to adapt with the new changing trend and technological advancement that 21st century offers before us what do i mean we have to they have to permit they have to allow the teachers to use to just use the the lag planning the the lesson plan through through you know in his word so they could just have it improve every now and then they don't have to repeat writing those things because it is stored in a soft copy that the teachers could possibly still use that every now and then and just make some little or minor minimal modifications if the situation demands and that is totally liberating on the teacher's part because the teachers have now now have more time to make instructional materials or study other topics be updated with more contents and the trends in the 21st century so they could be effective as they can they could become efficient teachers to and for them for their students they love to see the teachers making the lesson plan in daily basis five preparations eight preparations or whatsoever guys that does not make any sense why should you be pulling the teacher's time it doesn't help the teachers at all it is never beneficial for the students in many ways i guess it's time to break it's time to have a period on that particular practices okay and please do that when you will become principals of your own or officials in department of education eclectic guys it refers no eclectic curriculum refers to any mixture from the previous curriculum that we stated guys that we discussed mixed ghanaiana it's eclectic method eclectic curriculum it's a it's a bit similar to differentiated instruction now that was a differentiation of the learner's language mixture or combination of different curriculum conceptions elements of a curriculum curriculum intent content learning experiences and evaluation so curriculum intent it refers to the curriculum goals curriculum intended learning outcomes okay what about the content contents refer to topics learning experiences it refers to the teaching learning activities that you teachers would utilize would administer in a teaching learning process or in a educational process guys in this particular part learning experiences you are entitled to your respective academic freedom because you are allowable to do to utilize to use whatever the kind of teaching method or teaching strategies that you want to that you prefer to is that clear guys then the last part as i repeatedly told minutes ago there should always be evaluation in order to quantify the learning attained by the students in order to determine whether or not the students have indeed you know have indeed acquired the set of learning competencies as prescribed in the curriculum guide in the lesson plan or in the syllabus made by the teachers made by the educators okay and that concludes our discussion for this morning let me end you with a code curriculum is the roadmap that guides the educators in sending the students to their fascinating destinations

okay we&#39;ll begin again the subject is the teacher and the curriculum and in here the chapter one entitled understanding the curriculum we have to once again unlock the meaning of the curriculum as defined in different contexts guys okay the first definition under the context or within the context of curriculum as a list of subjects so it is defined as the permanent or the traditional subjects offered in the school curriculum such as mathematics language science music arts and all others a very self-explanatory guest i don&#39;t want to expand in terms of this particular number one definition well second curriculum as a learning experience as learning experiences the students curricular and co-curricular activities and the learning experiences they encounter inside and outside school so curriculum can also be referring to the different curricular or co-curricular activities um encountered or experienced by the students in in the school or inside or outside the school guys so number three curriculum as intended learning outcomes otherwise known as objectives no kind of intended learning outcomes guys uh it used to be it was used to be called as objectives in today&#39;s um curriculum guide it is coined or turned as intended learning outcomes the objectives that the teachers want the students to attain to possess to have after the delivery of the discussion and the assessment tasks of course this definition includes a list of learning competencies or standards that students should learn in school in every topic or in every lesson plan or in every syllabus international level lesson plan is commonly used as or is commonly used in basic education when i say basic education we refer to kindergarten elementary grades junior high school and senior high school levels okay in tertiary education guys we refer to college um degree or courses degree programs now curriculum as planned learning experiences it includes documents specifying contents objectives general ideas of what students should know in schools or in a specific discipline now the words planned learning experiences of course it denotes the curriculum guide it refers to furthermore the syllabus or the syllabi for tertiary levels and in basic education of course it denotes the lesson plan in tertiary level guys we did not use the lesson planning because us or in congruence with chad policies teachers in tertiary level must have to prepare syllabus or syllabi and so we we we just follow we adhere of what is being articulated under the chain policies okay so in have you seen yourselves an actual syllabus guys yes sir yes so syllabus is highly similar to lesson plan syllabus it contains first the intended learning outcomes it is followed with the assessment task then teaching learning activity then the next column is the materials used in teaching a particular topic then references then remarks basically that is the kind of format that we use in our university guys in our institution so as i said intended learning outcomes is the first now it&#39;s written in the first column and it is followed with the assessment task why is assessment tasks follow following right after the intended learning outcomes column because basically the flow of the teaching learning process goes this way right first there are set of objectives then the teacher uh would write would write the the topics the references no lesson plan format the next would be the procedures or the teaching method that the teacher would do yeah in in delivering the educational process so under the teaching method it it comprises different teaching methods because the all teachers are allowable to do that to select their own preference their own method that they wanna utilize because that falls under academic freedom it&#39;s not for the teacher what kind of teaching method teaching strategy that he or she is going to employ once again it is granted under the academic freedom but the topics the contents the competencies which are going to be delivered to the students we have the standardized objectives where can we get those standardized objectives or intended learning outcomes it is in terms of the level it can be taken from the chaired memorandum order as specifically specified they&#39;re in whereas in department of education guys the intended learning outcomes it is oftentimes called in basic and as objectives guys they would get those things from the curriculum guide who made the curriculum guide who is show the question it&#39;s the department of education because basic education curriculum is under the umbrella of department of education all the schools private or public schools as long as they offer basic education kindergarten to senior high school they are under the command the the management the administration the the supervision of department of education whereas third study levels both public and private are under the command of commission on higher education i hope we we are clearing that so i&#39;ll proceed curriculum as a discipline it has its own principles theories and practices when we say discipline guys it is something like a science no a study of something so if we try to study the different types of curricula as part of a particular discipline then the definition given is it has its own principles theories and practices in fact every curriculum used or curricula employed utilized by different uh ministry of education department of education or whatsoever a particular country names its educational entity or agency guys it has its own contextual local operational definition of of curriculum but basically in the philippines again when we see curriculum we refer to a particular roadmap in basic ed it is called as curriculum guide in terms of education it&#39;s called as ched memorandum order on that particular cmo i just forgot the exact number of the cmo there in it is being specified the different subjects offered and the competencies that need to be acquired by the students on that particular subject on that particular degree program from first to fourth year okay that is the legal mantle that is that is the guide that no teacher or no president no principal or superintendent has to debate from because it is a legal standardized curriculum roadmap issued by respective educational um i mean yeah educational government entities you know like the chad commission on higher education and the department of education so curriculum as a content or subject matter guys this definition views curriculum as a series of topics under each subject area for instance in your case you&#39;re taking what is your course once again guys it&#39;s a course yes said english okay bsd english so b is an english degree program it is written in the ched memorandum order that all of you guys the students who are taking the course should take the following minor subjects major subjects and the total units that you have to acquire so you can be granted with the bsn major in english degree upon completion of all other requirements okay so curriculum is a content or subject matter guys each curriculum it has a series of different topics not just topics but also different set of competencies so from subject subject to um topics topics to intended learning outcomes and how would you attain the intended learning outcomes then that that focuses on the assessment task okay the assessment task or the evaluation part should should let the competencies emerge as attained by the students there must be verticalization or alignment from the objectives to the teaching learning activity and the assessment test whatever the objectives set by you regardless of the level whether it may be in basic ed or tertiary education guys it is constant it must be it must be aligned it must be parallel that your objectives must be the things that would come out after the students undergo the teaching learning activity and above all the assessment task or the evaluation part we call it assessment tasks in interstellar level but in basic ed it&#39;s called as evaluation now as what we have known under the five parts of the lesson plan objective subject matter procedures then evaluation and assignment right so whatever the objectives that you have written guys after the end of the lesson the students should have acquired the same and that is what we call alignment articulation verticalization okay never put something or never create an objective in which after the lesson that you have delivered after the assessment task that you have administered after all the students were not able to acquire the set of competencies the set of objectives or intended learning outcomes that you have written in your lesson plan or or in in your syllabus guys because that is an ingredient of the disaster right so once again there must be alignment verticalization parallelism among the following objectives teaching learning activity and assessment tests okay i hope you are clear in that different types of curriculum we have the ideal or recommended curriculum what is this thing this refers to what scholars propose as the most appropriate curriculum for the learners meaning a kind of curriculum studied upon developed and suggested proposed recommended by the scholars who study the particular curriculum what are the examples of this one different professional organizations or various programs of study in different universities may propose curriculum innovations or alternative curriculum content as a result of the researchers right again it is one though it is one of the goals of researchers that curriculum has to be innovative it should be addressing the changing needs of times it should be responsive to the needs of the current society that is why there&#39;s a must there&#39;s a need to revise every now and then the curriculum and before that will be sun is done there has to be empirical data that would be presented for the educator for yeah for the educators or educational managers to be persuaded that indeed there is a need to change the curriculum there&#39;s a need to revise there&#39;s a need to put some twists on it okay so next intended official or written curriculum what does this mean it refers to the official curriculum embodied and approved by the state no it is the curriculum prescribe the government example the kind of curriculum that we have right now in the keto 12 guys right so under threat also um chad memorandum order number 20 series of 2013 then tesla modules and competitions these are forms of curriculum and it is classified as written official and intended curriculum why is it official because the government prescribes this curriculum to be used in different levels of education on the elementary ladder or basic education ladder dip ed has to use curry has to use the keto 12 curriculum because it is mandated under under it is mandated either by department of education under a particular legal basis i just forgot the republic act well czed memorandum or chad curriculum for general education it is it is stated or embedded written in shared memorandum order number 20 series of 2013. what about the competencies offered and the different crash courses offered by tesla skills related programs so it has its own curriculum still you cannot offer something in which it does not have the legal basis so the legal basis of this curriculum in test day in chad and in even in department of education these are the following legal basis and for that these kinds of curricula are called as written official and intended curriculum or curricula okay number three implemented curriculum refers to the actual implementation of the curriculum or what teachers in the school teach well it&#39;s quite why it&#39;s quite ironic because there is this intended curriculum then why is this something why is there something called as implemented curriculum is there any possibility that the intended written official curriculum will not be carried out exactly as it is just because teachers educators have different types of practices in school in terms of delivering the different topics subjects contents intended learning outcomes as stated in the intended official written curriculum guys well well really realistically guys there are few there are few cases that exists like the implemented curriculum there are just some teachers maybe you know maybe uh they do not exactly follow what are the intended learning outcomes stated in the question guide or stated in the church memorandum order cases like that is it wrong for them to do that well legally yes legally yes because academic freedom does not entitle any teacher to modify the set of learning competencies or intended learning outcomes or objectives as provided under the curriculum guide or as provided under the chairman random order we should we must follow whatever the objectives being written there is no way for us to deviate because that is a standardized set of objectives or intended learning outcomes that should be taught to the students and students should have acquired those things okay limitations academic freedom what does academic freedom include it only covers the teaching methods and strategies assessment tasks or even assignment that a particular teacher wants to use prefers to utilize outside of that it does not cover academic freedom you cannot modify the contents you cannot modify the intended learning outcomes because it is what it is what is being written what are being written in the curriculum guide in the in the chain of random order must be followed guys in delivering the deliverables in imparting the skills the knowledge and the values to the student but if and when you add something in in addition to those competencies it&#39;s okay just don&#39;t please delete or eliminate some or if not few of the competencies stated or that the students ought to learn because that is unethical and that is unlawful what only teachers yeah what the what is only allowable for the teachers to do they can add something but never delete or eliminate something from the competencies stated in the curriculum guide or in the chairman of the morning do you follow so far yes sir okay achieve curriculum the result of the curriculum of what students actually learn in school so this kind of evaluation no say the key to 12 curriculum intends the students to be job ready business ready and college ready right now keto 12 has been implemented since 2016 i guess the senior high thing there should be some evaluations in order to ascertain and determine as to whether or not the goals of ketopel curriculum are being hit are being met are being achieved say from 2016 to 2021 how many of those students or senior high school graduates who got eventually a business who went to college or even got the job right after graduation guys or yeah many uh minutes years after months after they have been waited see and that is what we call as achieved curriculum examine determine ascertain assess evil weight whether or not the goals and objectives of the existing curriculum are being achieved because if not i mean if the achievement is at lower percentage it does not totally hit all the intended goals and outcomes there should be adjustments of the new curriculum or of the existing curriculum because if we just let that curriculum continue and after the empirical data slap on our face that there are some matters were not being hit or many matters were not being hit we&#39;re not being achieved we&#39;re not being consummated it&#39;s kind of it&#39;s kind of stupidity guys right so whatever the results of the empirical data or empirical study the government needs to adjust needs to be flexible just to meet both ends and just to provide continuously quality education for all the filipino people tested curriculum a set of learning number five data that is assessed in teacher made classroom test curriculum reference test and in standardized tests that&#39;s tested curriculum meaning a kind of curriculum that administers examinations tests evaluations assessment and so on i guess the curriculum has the the existing curriculum has this tested curriculum okay no one you can never find an institution that will never administer an examination right after the students are being taught right after the discussion that the teacher and students have made why assessment is significant why because it quantifies whether or not the students learn acquire procure the competencies expected as written in the lesson plan or the curriculum syllabus right so take note of that as as what you&#39;ve learned guys in lesson plan writing after the teaching learning activity or the so-called procedures after the discussion interactive discussion or whatever strategies that the teacher uses guys it should be followed with assessment it should follow with evaluation to quantify to know to determine whether or not the students indeed learned and if they learned what percentage of the students attained expected learning outcomes or intended learning outcomes and if they attain the intended learning outcomes to what extent is to what extent is that okay to what extent is the attainment to what level is the acquisition of the intended learning outcomes and so on so entitlement curriculum very first of the people who refers to the people or the general society believe that learners should expect to learn in the educational system for them to become good members of the society so if other people would say to you this that there&#39;s no way of learning rather than being in school then those kind of people believe that entitlement curriculum is is the uh yeah it&#39;s the right is the right curriculum because we believe that students best learn when they are inside an educational institution not not i mean not all people believe this because even if we are not inside the school we are not inside the campus definitely our senses sense a lot of things which can be the source of our own lessons whether it may be academic or lifelong lessons guys okay number seven supported curriculum this refers to the curriculum that is reflected on or and shaped by the resources allocated to support or deliver the official curriculum so supported curriculum i guess have you heard about the term stakeholders have you heard about it so stakeholders guys it means the different people organizations involved in delivering the education it&#39;s divided into two the internal and external stakeholders from the word itself the adjective itself internal when we say internal stakeholders we are referring to the administrator school principal teachers and other non-teaching personnel inside the campus and even the students then external we are referring to parents non-civic organizations religious organizations non-government non-governmental organizations and the local barangay unit guys who are meant to help the school in delivering quality education because the school alone the principal the teachers alone could not exactly deliver to the greatest extent the expected and intended learning outcomes of the educational system collaboration is needed external and external internal and external stakeholders have to be on singular mind so they could uplift more lives so they could send the students to their respective rightful destinations in life which i believe will have positive implication to our country in general the one that we discussed yesterday so there must be a consistent persistent internal and ceasing support coming from both external and internal stakeholders for the betterment of the students for the welfare of the country okay null or sensor curriculum this way first of various curriculum contents or topics that&#39;s much that must be taught to the students as i said that i mean that must not be taught to the students why is it like this guys are there things not meant to be taught to students inside the campus i guess so yes we&#39;ll have the example of sex education there was an ongoing debate even up to this point whether or not to include sex education in senior high school right so when we say sex education it refers to the different uh do&#39;s and don&#39;ts in engaging into you know into intercourse okay so for me basically guys i i am an advocate of that we want the students in senior high to be equipped with consciousness awareness knowledge and competencies so they could avoid that further transmission of sexually transmitted diseases unwanted pregnancies and other ill effects of ignorance of that thing since the thing is common to everybody i mean everyone and everybody whether we like it or not is it is or sex is in sorry sex is in instinctual by nature animals as we are human as we are every now and then we feel that desire okay if you don&#39;t believe it you i would encourage you to conduct an uh an experiment at the convenience of your home within your home and observe when the toy will reach the age of four months okay during four months stage of that puppy guys eventually that puppy will feel the urge okay so something like that so my own is here for me sex education should be taught to senior high school because it has been taught in college man i think so i the subject before that was named as i i forgot the the title of the subject okay going back hidden curriculum this refers to the various skills knowledge and attitudes that students learn in school as a result of the interaction with other students staff and faculty members yes you do not exactly learn only from the teachers themselves but there are other learning experiences that you are so unconscious of that you students have already been influenced with your peers with your classmates with your with your friends in school guys no because as i said i believe the principle of jean jacques russo that our mind is that our mind was empty by the time we were born we were delivered from the warm of our respective beloved mothers at that very moment our mind is empty or was empty guys and because of our senses from each stage of our life we learned it&#39;s just like a computer guys that we have just bought without installing applications and other software guys no matter how expensive the computer is it remains innotil it remains futile and it remains useless until the moment we decide to install a lot of softwares and from that moment and on we can use the computer efficiently and it brings us ease in doing things just because of the applications the same way when we were born our mind was empty we uploaded a lot of experiences experiences that become the sources of our different learnings learnings that we constantly apply while we are breathing while we still live while we are still not biting the dust okay so curriculum foundations guys do you have any questions so far no question okay um these are the following curriculum foundations psychology sociology anthropology and philosophy well psychology it&#39;s considered as a curriculum foundation because the learners and the learning theory are carefully studied upon in an educational process that is why as what we have noticed in this particular course you are taught with the professional education subjects right the psychological foundation the legal the historical the philosophical foundations of education you also study yeah the psychological foundation in which you are taught about the nature and being of a child from this particular age up to this particular age and each level or faces of a child&#39;s life we are taught with the nature with their nature for us to deal with them effectively properly and appropriately that&#39;s why we need to have the foundation of psychology right so sociology and anthropology guys um the definition of sociology guys it&#39;s the study of the society anthropology it&#39;s still a study of the society guys now in what particular way these two different disciplines have the same in common the society it is focusing on the study of the society what about the differences what are the boundaries the limitations of sociology and anthropology what are the remarkable lines that divide totally the two disciplines okay let me have or let me yeah let me answer it in sociology guys it&#39;s the society of the society that focuses on the human&#39;s collective behavior while in anthropology it is still a study of the society that focuses on human development and human culture okay let me let me give you the example if we study why sibuanos are so fascinated with sinolog that is anthropology okay why do the people in qatarkar really know how to make crispy chicharron it is part of the culture and therefore it is under the study of anthropology okay what about the human species evolution as propagated and advocated by charles darwin that we came from ape-like humanoids human development it&#39;s under the study of anthropology because charles darwin is known to be a great anthropologist of all times so let&#39;s talk about sociology sociology example why do the people in barangay macho city of guapo for instance um used illegal drugs why are there so many people from this guy from this barangay using illegal drugs for instance so the collective behavior of this particular group of group in the society if we study why they are engaged into such kind of bad advice then it is sociology why are so many people in cebu city engaging in themselves into into pre-marital sex for instance that is sociology okay why do the people in manila hate the development done by duterte administration in manila bay that is sociology collective behavior in the society is carefully studied upon is carefully evaluated it&#39;s sociology but if the behavior involves human culture anthropology i hope that is clear guys it will come out in the board examination um particularly in general education so philosophy it studies the nature and value of knowledge philosophy has civil parts no aesthetics logic metaphysics and so on the pursuit of the pursuit of wisdom that&#39;s philosophy these foundations have to be integrated in making the curriculum in evaluating the curriculum because these are highly essential these are highly needed that the curriculum should be based on different disciplines because through that we are creating an empirically based curriculum okay so let&#39;s go with curriculum conceptions if there are no questions guys curriculum conceptions there are six i guess six nisila my apology i am not able to accurately number it so yeah number one academic rationalist what does it say it&#39;s true says the importance of different bodies of knowledge known as disciplines or subject areas the one that we just said that the curriculum should be encouraged to different disciplines just like we make some researches it should be anchored to a particular theory to a particular you know studies now in curriculum making guys it&#39;s called as academic rationalist if we utilize different disciplines as our basis in crafting the curriculum now cognitive processes curriculum it seeks to develop a repertoire of cognitive skills that are applicable to a wide range of intellectual problems what does it mean have you heard about john piaget&#39;s theory of cognitive development so in the crafting of the curriculum we employ or we consider the theory of john piaget&#39;s cognitive development that is great no that is fantastic why because our curriculum made it has a basis and if we employ that it&#39;s what we call as cognitive processes curriculum humanistic curriculum stresses the idea that curriculum or education is an instrument for developing the full potential of students it seeks to help individuals discover and develop their unique identities it strikes us that curriculum should focus on the needs and interests of the individuals what theory in psychology that you could possibly relate to this particular humanistic curriculum guys very popular very famous theory in psychology the theory of the theory of individual differences what is the exact name of the theory guys differentiated instruction have you heard about the thing differentiated instruction theory yes sir yeah so that is the thing guys that is in accordance with humanistic curriculum that students need to be treated differently because each one of them has unique ability capability potential okay ideal it may seem if only teachers are having the ample and abundance of time to really utilize differentiated instruction theory then that is quite amazing but just try to imagine if you employ that kind of teaching strategy or method to your 50 learners you have to evaluate first and categorize them as to what particular differentiation they are inclined to right that&#39;s how meticulous it is to exactly do the so-called differentiate destruction then the teacher would have to utilize different kind of teaching strategy different kind of assessment per differentiation per group differentiation guys and just to just like imagine how tiresome how tiring would that be on the part of the teachers and how time consuming it is or throughout the teaching learning process right good thing if the teacher is only assigned to handle 10 students per classroom but if the situation doesn&#39;t go that way we know that reality that&#39;s why differentiated distraction is quite difficult to do but very fantastic to imagine okay next number four the social reconstructionist views the school or schooling as an agency for social change hence the curriculum should respond to the different needs issues problems demands of the society what does this mean guys when we say social reconstruction is it is anchored to the theory social reconstructivism okay what does it mean that in school in the campus in an educational institution guys the students should be taught with the different societal issues for them to engage with it for them to be totally conscious with it because in one way or another they are affected with it and eventually they will become part of the solutions they will help in addressing the different societal problems because they are taught with it they are aware they&#39;re conscious guys okay that social reconstructionist under the theory of social reconstructivism well next technological curriculum achieved curriculum or educational goals it views calling as a complex system that can be analyzed into constituent components what do we mean by this so technological curriculum guys from the word itself technological we have to employ technology in analyzing the different con constituents in analyzing the different components of the educational process for instance instead of having the traditional traditional lesson plan the teacher has to consume a lot of hours daily especially if you are teaching elementary education guys my god it&#39;s so it&#39;s house it&#39;s so exhausting guys okay it&#39;s quite draining so hopefully the leaders the educational managers guys must have to realize that it&#39;s time for them to adapt with the new changing trend and technological advancement that 21st century offers before us what do i mean we have to they have to permit they have to allow the teachers to use to just use the the lag planning the the lesson plan through through you know in his word so they could just have it improve every now and then they don&#39;t have to repeat writing those things because it is stored in a soft copy that the teachers could possibly still use that every now and then and just make some little or minor minimal modifications if the situation demands and that is totally liberating on the teacher&#39;s part because the teachers have now now have more time to make instructional materials or study other topics be updated with more contents and the trends in the 21st century so they could be effective as they can they could become efficient teachers to and for them for their students they love to see the teachers making the lesson plan in daily basis five preparations eight preparations or whatsoever guys that does not make any sense why should you be pulling the teacher&#39;s time it doesn&#39;t help the teachers at all it is never beneficial for the students in many ways i guess it&#39;s time to break it&#39;s time to have a period on that particular practices okay and please do that when you will become principals of your own or officials in department of education eclectic guys it refers no eclectic curriculum refers to any mixture from the previous curriculum that we stated guys that we discussed mixed ghanaiana it&#39;s eclectic method eclectic curriculum it&#39;s a it&#39;s a bit similar to differentiated instruction now that was a differentiation of the learner&#39;s language mixture or combination of different curriculum conceptions elements of a curriculum curriculum intent content learning experiences and evaluation so curriculum intent it refers to the curriculum goals curriculum intended learning outcomes okay what about the content contents refer to topics learning experiences it refers to the teaching learning activities that you teachers would utilize would administer in a teaching learning process or in a educational process guys in this particular part learning experiences you are entitled to your respective academic freedom because you are allowable to do to utilize to use whatever the kind of teaching method or teaching strategies that you want to that you prefer to is that clear guys then the last part as i repeatedly told minutes ago there should always be evaluation in order to quantify the learning attained by the students in order to determine whether or not the students have indeed you know have indeed acquired the set of learning competencies as prescribed in the curriculum guide in the lesson plan or in the syllabus made by the teachers made by the educators okay and that concludes our discussion for this morning let me end you with a code curriculum is the roadmap that guides the educators in sending the students to their fascinating destinations

Transcript for:The Teacher and the Curriculum

Transcript for:
The Teacher and the Curriculum