Transcript for:
Atomic Structure Overview

So this is the topic which we are going to discuss in the last section. I will read this in Principle of Atom we'll do it with redox The structure of the atom is very complex in itself. This is a scoring chapter, I tell you again and again If I'm going inside any item The probability of getting an electron Tells the size square and the region where But size square value is maximum Probability of getting an electron This region is called maximum of orbital when you file the electron So in increasing order of electron energy I will file hello and welcome you and me dear student how are you all how are you all i hope Brother, everything will be great once again I welcome all of you Today we are going to talk about the structure of Atomic very lovely chapter one very This is a very simple chapter, yes at some places atomic structure is written as structure of atom The thing is the same, in the last session we The whole concept of goods is completed in one go I did yes and today we are in the same session Those who complete the structure of the atom are fine ok then i want to tell you guys something I was looking at some doubts, I saw some comments some children were writing that sir something There are topics which are missing in it Now I am missing some of those topics I have kept it deliberately as I am telling you I am done with normality etc. these ones who This is the topic we will study in the last This is us inside the principle of item we'll do it with redox in it but some People said not all percentages are pure Karwa Rakhi Percentage Purity Question I have got it done, there are two-three of them now Only percentage was written for heading If there is purity then you will watch the session You will get questions on percentage purity Percentage of questions have been asked from him Percentage Hill homework has also been given Yes, the thing is that it is not a separate topic It is actually written, that is a separate topic They do not exist, they have been made a topic there is no separate topic and because We have an imitation of time I have to finish that chapter within 3 rc r3 or in 3:30 hours obviously I am Extensively you can read a chapter in that manner It is a little bit difficult to get through and this Anyway this is a backlog series for you guys Is it to complete the backlog? yes so if you want to see the complete details People said that everyone should study like a destination Manzil series son, that is a different segment of ours The floor segment is different, that's a one shot There are sessions in which we spend 8-10-12 hours They give 1 hour long sessions, that is a different thing yes this happens just before the exam it is not the same thing, it is different in this we Ending a Chapter in a Concise Way Let's do it, okay brother, thinking about this thing we have to complete the session okay According to me daan should start the session now You should study the structure of the atom until this Brother, let the session not happen at one place, it's great You people are sitting in front of density, water and water Take whatever you want to drink Have you seen the full session with me? You will enjoy the session only then and you will know You will feel which chapter and which topic is short Which one did you miss, if not then comment in the end Do it like this, I have left it like this, right? OK, donate and then start the session Aai saheb, what is this session to do? If they are there then okay let me write down the names But our target today is The target is to give us the whole chapter very Let's go right to finishing it in a good way Let's start first from the introduction Look friend, the first thing in the introduction it has come that when we talked you When people were young, you were in class ninth People had to read Dalton's atomic theory, right? Brother Dalton came first. He said that friend whatever item is there The more individual the atom the more you can't divide into smallest The particle of the pea is an atom Then people came and discovered radioactivity People said that it was something smaller than an item and the particle is present and that which is the most There are small particles inside the atom They are presented, we have named them what did we mean by that we didn't People also gave names, what did they name Why are all atomic particles orbital? Brother, he is writing that all the atomic particles are fine yes dada jo right ok sir sub atomic There are definitely a lot of particles They are there but in our syllabus Which are the subatomic particles that What we have to read in this chapter is Bhaiya the electron is followed by the proton and Then after that there is neutron, yes all these three In the larger category of atomic particles we find this I have to read it in the chapter, let's come back later There are more to read: Discovery of the Subatomic Subatomic in the biggest of the particles How were the particles discovered and what happened First of all we are going to talk about To you all about the discovery of electron Tell me who was Thomson Bhai Saheb? He discovered the electron Experimented with X-cathode ray tube It is an experiment, not an experiment done Tha Cathode D Experiment And from there he made a larger version of this particle. I found out, okay, so this is the cathode Experiment and see what happens to you There is a glass tube in front of you yes inside this glass tube you and I have filed it but whatever else is there is a lot Honey is needed at low pressure and To maintain low pressure click here Is the vacuum pump installed here? what have you done cathode anode two I am holding the electrodes and very Voltage A high voltage battery is here But you have installed it, right? And these cathodes Between these two cathode and anode you have placed a file did you do it, did you file any gas, okay what have you guys done by filing a gas di ok and like you said hi voltage did you guys notice one thing do what notice what did you do what he did This anode has small particles inside it You have made small holes in the perforative isn't it a small hole he made a very wonderful thing he noticed a wonderful thing Notice Kari and here's what he did Just behind the anode there is a mass Its substance is zinc sulphide I did coaching, it is such a substance If any particle comes and hits G So it shines, brother, it throats, right? What happened here? He noticed one thing that as soon as he completed the circuit he I saw blue here, it is here right Then he thought, friend, there is something fishy here The throat can only be opened when a particle comes Come and hit it with a certain velocity isn't it and the particle that must have been there I told you friend, this particle is here Towards which electrode did the particle move? is going towards the anode and the anode which would be it has a positive charge on it Meaning, on this particle which might have been there how would the charge have been, it would have been negative no and this is the negatively charged particle This is the negatively charged particle The cat is moving from both the sides towards anode This negatively charged particle was named given electron okay very good And this negatively charged particle race thi hai na sarita of negative There is no problem, now someone will say it Sir, where are these cathode caste from, how come This negatively charged particle was generated Where did it come from? Take it as your mother hydrogen gas was yes here you have a very Hydrogen is supplied at high voltage Whatever happens will be converted into the form of yes And this is because of the high voltage plus a - will break into a - will ionize yes what will happen son ionization will happen Ionization will happen, not ionization brother Tell me the ionization will break into ions which was the hydrogen atom Son that is h+ and negative one is positive charge The particle will become a negatively charged particle Today we will create this negative charge the particle is known as the electron yes and this is the negatively charged particle it moves from here to there and The race of this negatively charged particle We have named why because where is he coming from Was it moving a little towards the anode was yes Now imagine if the mother takes her hydrogen Instead of filing the gas, he filed the oxygen gas So brother, this negatively charged particle it will remain the same as before, the electron will Only the electron will remain or not, will it remain with the tax Its mass will have significance for everything this is that if here you see different If you file particle different gases These are the properties of the cathode race It doesn't matter the cathode race Cathode Raj means property the race of the electron and no matter which gas yes An electron is an electron, my friend. In my opinion, his month is a relief from everything You have already understood this thing, so a very here if we people properties View point of view View point of properties He wrote a very wonderful thing about the cathode race that these are the properties Independence is the nature of gas, right? You can buy any gas, any property It doesn't make any difference whatsoever The properties are written that this cathode This race is travel in a straight line it travels from the cathode, right, and If someone stands in their way you can put a target If you give it to her, she will make her shadow, yes this one Division takes place Obviously, the positive electrode Isn't it true that these dresses will be charged? How is the electron in the cathode race if the charge on the electron is negative then The positively charged electrode will This debit happens on one side and this debit happens on the other side it happens towards the plate it's ok Well if you put a little something in their way If you keep a light bill on foot then this cathode what happens to her doing rotating the tree level isn't it so this shows that the cathode Rekha particle is a mass of its own Coming at a certain velocity and hitting him I am transferring some of my momentum to him and because of that what is that wheel it's happening and he's crying and saying okay it's my point I understood, yes, these are some properties You guys can take care of them in their big But the most important property in this is This is the last property, see it here But it has also been shown that when the cathode is Raj A is coming if you give them a plus and Install the mine plate for the electric field So, towards which side should your cathode race go? is going towards the positive plate So from here it became clear that brother this How is the charge on this particle negative It is happening ok na how was the charge in this was negative ok if we talk about the charges about electron then according to me you There is no need to tell about the electron which It is charged - - 1.6 * 10^-19 is open and the mass Its capacity is 9.1*10 thou d power mines 31 what happens na this is your absolute Charge and Absolute Max This is its charge and mass, now look at it Like these negatively charged particles If it is discovered then it is a matter of common sense brother when Your atom was ionized in a positive way The charged particle became a negativity a charged particle was formed if your Negatively charged particles from cathode to anode which is moving towards positively The charged particle will move from anode to cathode yes it will move in which direction from where it will move in which direction will it move from anode to cathode yes then today This is a race of particles which come from where towards which direction is it moving from anode to cathode These races are being named Was it anode race or canal race what are they called anoderus or Canal Raj and this race which is there in them It must have been a particle, but how was its charge? will be Is it positively charged or not? That must have been the particle, did you understand what I said? I am having a It is clear, there is no problem till now and if mother takes hydrogen gas in it If you have hydrogen gas in it, then If we file then hydrogen is positively charged The charged particle is h+ and it is called Proton yes what is it called son roten is there if there is any other gas file in it You will do it like a mother, you have inflated the helium So the positively charged particle of helium that is not a proton who will get a proton Will you tell me which gas file is there here hydrogen gas file is yes like mother helium is filed in it, so when its If ionization occurs then it will be positively charged Which particle will become h2 + now it will become h2+ and h+ both of them have different mass The charge of the proton is also different. Which h+ will be said when you Which gas is stored in it Hydrogen gas has been filed away, this is good which is because it has a positive charge If it is a particle then which electrode does it belong to? which side will the plate move towards The negative plate will be There are many similar properties which are available in starting Is yes last property and last property it depends on the nature of the gas Obviously it will depend because when If you have changed the gas then brother Positively charged particle will have its charge its mass will also change And if the charge and mass have changed Yours may be different from the specific charge Both charge and mass will be different then the properties of your anode are also different It will happen, okay, right? It is very important. This is what are the properties of anode rays does not depend on pay On what does the nature of gas depend The properties of the cathode race are It does not depend on the nature of the gas I don't do it, it's okay, Dan, I will remember this cheese good Look at this also, this thing is shown here, isn't it? that if you pass the no dress then that Negatively charged plate which is electric If there will be a debate on his side of the field, then from here It is also confirmed that yes, the anode rate Whatever it would have been, what would have been the charge in it Whatever his particulars are he will be charged was positive okay Dan good one more thing Look, just understand one more thing If I talk about proton then The charge of a proton is charge off How many protons are there brother wire which proton is 1.6*10^2 in sar plus -19 Kulambi and if you talk about mass What is the max of proton sir mass of A proton is 1.672*10 thou d power mines 27k According to me, I know everything small If you study in classes then one A short term and a short lifespan which is called specific What is charge specific charge son This is called the whether it is an electron or a proton yes I don't have to remember what the value is You can divide and take it out The value of the specific charge is correct well if mother take the relative charge Let me talk about it, there is relative charge How much is the son of Proton worth plus What is considered forest and relative mass isn't it so you want to write one you that this is it How much is the relative mass and how much is the relative mass how much charge plus one okay right electron What would be the relative mass and relative charge of Hai Mine One there is no problem till now very good Let's go ahead and let's talk now Whose neutron is last? discovery of the neutron which was It was done by James Chadwick and how Discover what they did a took the seat of beryllium and the seat of beryllium Bombardment of alpha particles above I think you all should know about this what is the alpha particle Is there any helium nuclear helium We call nucleic acid alpha Particle has a unit positive charge on it It happens So such a particle is called alpha particle when it emitted alpha on beryllium If she got particle vomited then she got such a The particle found had no charge But its mass was approximately that of a proton The particle which had mass equal to what did chadwick name it yes what did you name it son neutron so if Let me talk about the mass of a neutron So the mass is almost equal, son. It is 1.674 mass so in plus will be 1.674*10 thou d power mines 27 k and charge So I have told you guys that brother, if that If it is neutral then there is no charge on it It will be yes if you are asked about its relative If you ask how much is the mass then you people will say Sir Relative Mass is one and its relative There is a charge sir there is no charge in this So the egg will be yes what will be the relative charge When it becomes zero, do you have to say yes or no, friend, yes Give ok as far as i am concerned If there is no problem then this is the discovery of everything atomic particles were electrons protons The discovery of the neutron, however, has greatly More questions You can ask just for the sake of asking but it's not too much It is not important what was important I told you I have a question Specific charge of cathode race which is There is always a specific charge Meaning A/M is the ratio of charge to mass is a constant what has it meant Electron Whatever the particle, its charge Let us put a question before you, it is very important This is a simple question, you guys should ask this question once Just look at it yourself, yes you guys look at it yourself do yours and see Like mother take another question is 10 pacific charge of two particles a and b two particles a and b have specific charge his fibers are given how much fibers he gives has kept g 2/3 says mass of a and mass of Look, you can write it like this now, right? In M A * B how much have you given son 2/3 Yes, so now we are asked the value of A/now How much will it be then what will happen to me now 2/3*B will it be done oh brother tell me friend its ok and mother how much have you given me sir Has given 2 / 3 M A has given B has given 2 / 3 This means how much is the charge on the fiber it will be 49 tell me yes let's go ahead then the next question is this You guys will ask yourself very easy questions Whatever the question is, we need to be specific in it Do you want to tell the order of charge I by M Have to tell whose charge and mass ratio All the charge and mass fibers will be more you already know that okay now its After all these atomic particles were discovered Now people asked tell me friend how is atom What does an atom shop look like How does it feel, so what do you make from there? How many atomic models are always mentioned in the chapter If you want to study atomic model then read atomic model Thomson will read which one first Atomic model will come back to you Rutherford Atomic model will come again your Burs Atomic Model and Quantum will come last For your information, the mechanical model tell me that these are the two atomic models This is more important and the ones above there are two atomic models, okay we know them You must have read it earlier in the lower classes too I have read it but it is so much there is no important part there is no okay so let's go then Thomson talks about his elder brother Thomson What did he say to Thomson? One day and night I had a dream Came isn't it, he had a dream about the atom and what he He stuck to the dream and made a rule I have given you a dream that an atom is like this that the item is spherical it's ok no problem and he said that It is spherical but at the same time this atom The positive charge is uniform is distributed throughout the atom and which Negative charge is its distribution The model who wore it did not have a uniform with whom did you relate this or this Water Milan model is also called Water Milan I like those seeds black color seats they are presents, he said so Negative charge is present on the atom inside and the audible substance that is consumed The substance is red in colour, right? As it is presented in watermelon He asked what about your item It is present, it is a positive charge right? So because of this, we used this model People also talk about big model and water meeting It is also called model, right? what is the important thing that the atom Spherical said he did this through some calculations He also said that the radius of the atom is ok and he compared it with what with lumbering or a water meet ok, i have told you this The important thing to understand is that it is a positive charge of negative charge from the distribution of Who said that this does not happen through distribution? I said this, brother said it Who said this? This is an option, isn't it? Watermelon in front of you as you like Are you seeing the seeds? Compare this with the seat what he did to the electron and what remains is It is double substance, he said what is yours positive charge has to be present okay now If someone asks you what are its limitations what is it oh brother there is a saree in it It is an imitation, nothing has been said in it I have not said anything good in the elder one If it is there then see what to write that first of all I don't know this thing It seems that brother, if your positive charge If it is uniformly distributed then it is negative How is it connected with the charge? in a way that the positive and negative hallway, this will give you the information about the atom In the big deal of stability it is not known what The story is also full of big names of the nucleus I did not say what the nucleus is yes and when Rutherford came after this Which experiment did Rutherford do? gold file experiment yes him This is the model for the experiment The result and its consequences are absolutely Entirement is Different what good thing did she say so good thing She had said that the atom which is The total negative and positive charge in it is equal to right, he said that it means negative charge There is no uniformity in the distribution but has both positive and negative charge will be equal and both are equal means How is the atom today n hole electrically Who said that it is neutral? Thomson did it. So that was the good thing about it, the rest of it not going to understand much then After that another brother came, his name was Rutherford Yes and Rutherford did an experiment Everyone knows about the forced goldfill experiment he has got gold in his bag I took the file and got it updated with Alpha got the particles to have that party and then The deflection of alpha particles was called He noted the deflation from the gold file And some observations emerged from deflation According to the observations he made some conclusions came out and from there its atomic model was made ok then let's see it later See what he said and what he said Understand that from here the alpha particle is A Bhaiya, it is a radioactive substance If we talk about alpha particle then it is helium Nuclear alphabetical Aya and Alpha The particle comes and hits this gold file does The debate takes place, you are watching this debate There is a debate going on from different angles Why should we also understand the reason for the voice Now what has this person done that he is all around It seems like a movie is from a movie Rakhi is attached to the screen, it has zinc in it If you have taken coaching for sulphide then as soon as any particle A will hit it there The throat will be visible and it will be known that friend this particle is from whom Ahmed There has been a debate on the angle of gold This would have been one reason why I took Falili It is true that gold is cheaper It doesn't happen, right? He could have also bitten the snake. Iron and oil are cheaper then gold is so much It is expensive isn't it, so it is not that He was not a very wealthy man, but I took this because it is gold Son, make very thin sheets of gold. If people take pearl seats here then This could be the alpha particle hitting him from the seat If there is no through pass then it is because of this Which seat did we have to take? Moti I had to take a seat and which was the best for that There was a gold file, we had a lot of seats The file I had to buy was a thin one And whose power is that? It is of gold because The gold which is made of very thin paper The strength of the sheets is the first thing and the second The reason was that the metal that was needed here That metal should have been heavy, isn't it? Metal means its nucleus it will have a lot of positive charge and The more positive charge this alpha will have The more the particle will be debated then angle of division will be good which can be measured It will be easy to do this if you understand what I am saying There were reasons because of which he Because whoever is bold is a unique person in itself It's heavy metal, okay Dan, let's move on. let's go What observations did you have before you? I have written it and you all know the observations Do you know what the observation was, brother? Most of the d alpha particles are without any Many lotus flowers were removed directly from the division The particles were such that they were at one angle to the debate and very few of them Alphabetical any one of 18-20000 The particle was such that it went on the path of life A 180° angle was taken back on this path his division happened yes he is completely rebounded This is called a complete rebound No, but such particles were the least now The number is also written in it that brother ₹ 5000 One of them came back, someone says ₹20000 One of them came back, you must remember that number that no one is necessary, you just pay attention to this keep the conclusion sorry Observation which is not the maximum alpha particle debit There must be and some alpha particles will be What did he do? He drew the conclusion himself now. Imagine what an alpha particle is like Then the alpha particle is positive What is a positively charged particle like? charged particle sir if it is positively charged It is a particle and if someone wants to debate on it is going his way, this means that he also how would it have been, the charge would have been positive Think about it and see there is a positive charge here Your alpha particle is lying here I keep roaming around and there is positive on this too So brother, it will ripple positively, right brother? In Science, Positive Repels Positive positive attracts negative Ripple does but Anything can happen in daily life The attraction story is also repulsion whatever it may be I can't trust anything nowadays, but Here we know that the alpha particle happens if there is a positively charged particle A positive charge will come in its path only if Now you can think of alpha particle being debited Look, if this is inside the whole atom of the whole atom If the positive charge was spread out then there would be lots of There should have been alpha particle debates but it was not so little alphabetical david This means that the positive charge it is not spread throughout the atom most of the d alpha particles without any The division is being extracted which means There is a positive charge, isn't it Munna Dada? A very small space is in a very small space That is why he is not a help maximum alpha It won't come in the way of the particle and maximum alpha particle without any Some Alphas will be removed directly from the division There will be particles which will debate with him and this means positive charge The distribution is very limited isn't it and by going here and then moving on Do you know what name he gave, he said that This is the small space where the atoms are The positive charge is kept in the space The name is nucleus, what was it called it gave the name nucleus and some After doing the calculations, he also told that the an atom has a volume yes an atom which The volume is of an atom whose radius is it is of 10^-10 km and The radius of the nucleus is 10 thou The power mine is 15 m long, what does it mean The radius of the atom is quite large today compared to the radius of the nucleus In comparison, here he also said this brother who gave the volume of the nucleus That would be compared to the volume of the atom I would be negligible, it would be very less yes you guys are understanding what I am saying isn't it son, here try your speed a little The speed is high because You all should have read these things in your childhood isn't it a very simple thing, yes now its After these On the basis of observation and conclusion he did you design your own atomic model First of all he told in whose elder the brother of the nucleus who The nucleus is very small inside the atom Positive charge is present at place C is not related to the distribution of Thomson had said so as soon as this one I have done an experiment and found out that friend not from the distribution of positive charge Thomson is missing, he hasn't been found yet She came right then what did she say after that He told me that it is a nucleus and it is charged is positive and the electrons are revolve on a circular text around it doing And what did he say about this circular text? he gave it a name he gave it a name and Son, yes, what did you call it? It is orbit, right? This is also true that brother electrons are the nucleus will be attracted towards the side and one towards the outside There will be centrifuge force which will be balanced because of which these electrons This happens continuously on this circular text Donation is constantly revolving From here, he developed his atomic model in this way designed but look at the atomic model He designed it but he said that Brother, the nucleus of an atom is very is smaller isn't it and the positive charge it is present in the nucleus and the electrons that are there circular text around the nucleus The forces keep rotating inwards, don't they? of attractions seems to be on the outside The centrifuge force balances it out But there is no shortage in the world, right? People with different minds have also discussed this You have found out the flaws, right? And first of all, give two In the midst of scarcity we have to read which In which are we to study, limitations of Brother I want to study food atomic model, it's ok Good In these imitations, the first thing that is imitation this was it, this was that brother this is your Rutherford is the stability of this item I don't know how anyone will tell me everything I understand, look, there was a brother who The name was Maxwell, right? He didn't give a damn. What did Maxwell have to say that if the mother Take any charged particle under acceleration if it is there then it will emit some energy in D form what does radiation do to the energy amit does it so like your electron is it revolves around the nucleus This means there is XLration inside so that Radiation should be avoided Energy should be avoided and if he keeps energizing It will come closer to the nucleus A day will come when that nucleus yes it will enter inside the nucleus will it collapse, will this happen Have you ever seen the electrons moving around the nucleus? I have seen him entering I have seen him doing it If this happens then your atoms table will not be complete. will get But according to Maxwell this should happen was needed because the electrons are located near the nucleus moving all around And if there is acceleration then all this will happen Was Needed but it doesn't happen why doesn't it happen Rutherford has no answer to this question. There was no answer and when there was no answer then bhaiya Atomic models always fail in the first region So this was the second one what did he say in this he said that brother who The electrons are from the nucleus People move around on the circular text she told her mother okay let's go out somewhere asked ok tell me one thing All the electro talked about will roam around again what or two electrons on which different text eight will revolve around which different lesson will they revolve around 18 wander about something different And if it had burst, friend, I just thought Otherwise, brother, when you will not think about it then The world will give you cat, if not like this These two things also have their limitations Rutherford cannot explain this Know what the atoms table is and why it is the electrons are inside the nucleus It does not collapse and it does not even tell I know that these are electrons What is the arrangement around this nucleus? What is the arrangement of nucleus around arrangement of electrons around d The nucleus cannot explain this Ok I understood it correctly Brother now the question is in which year jee mains 2011 has been asked once you will know this Read the question carefully, what is it saying Please understand this and tell me its solution Just look quickly what is going to happen says that if Thomson's atomic model is correct will ya It was an experiment, what would have happened in it So let’s check what happens If Thomson's atomic model was correct This means that whatever was positive was positive for the whole atom. The relief spread inside is positively charged no but a little bit right because positive charge is spread throughout the atom If there is some distribution of it, little by little the density decreases hey you are getting alpha particle a from here Brother, the alpha particle will come to me It is a positive charge, it will say positive charge Son, I will debate you Particle A must have been positive here and there too Here too, as the positive comes closer The speed of this alpha particle is It will gradually decrease, you understand what I am saying yes repulsion yes repulsion is positive Speed ​​will reduce due to repulsion first thing and second thing is alpha particle There will also be division of maximum alpha particles There will be debates but from a very small angle why because from a small angle which is yours Positive charge will be its distribution There will be a little bit of positivity everywhere, right? If the charge is spread throughout the atom then A little bit present everywhere It will be okay, right, and that is why he is Alpha Will not be able to debate the particle much According to me this story is very clear, yes thats great What is my atomic mass number? There is no need to tell according to the calculation The atomic mass is what we call atomic The numbers are denoted by 's' and these are generally numbers of protein is equal to yes and joe It is a mass number, we denote it by A and what is this equal to, son number of protons plus number of neutrons is equal to right this is equal to one The element is A, right? Let's write M. There is an element M whose atomic mass is S And the mass number is represented like this This is done, isn't it, this is its representation You all already know what happens next let's go ahead and have a little chat what are isotopes brother isotopes are like Should I talk about the isotopes of hydrogen? one ha one ha you one ha three are you watching People sir mass depends on atomic number The number is different for the same atom same elements same element then element hydrogen is divided into its different atoms whose atomic number is 1 but mass is 10 The number is different, we use such substances what do they call isotopes okay Yes Well let's calculate the neutrons Let's see which question has been asked on this Asked in year 2020 Tell me about neutron I asked you a question friend, this is too much, come and see Its atomic number is one, son proton one Proton One Proton One is there, right, all three have it The proton is a one because atomic number is one Now look, its mass is number one, right? If neutron plus proton is one then say neutron zero it has its mass number you that means it has one neutron its mass number is three yes that means it has two neutrons The question has come that what is the mass of a neutron you will say all three will happen see This is the question, if you don't believe it then read it Here is the question I just asked you It is said that hydrogen has three isotopes is the number of neutrons now given Respectfully RXA is isn't it because it has chemical properties Chemical properties depend on what number of electrons or their number of If it doesn't have much to do with the proton which are your isotopes isotopes which are son there are isotopes which are there look son It is written that the isotopes that exist chemical properties because their The number of electrons they have is These are the same isotopes of chemical will be from properties ok tell me what is right yes yes very good very good substance containing number of neutrons Number of presents kya hote hain neutrons are presented to the head Give me an example, oh brother, take the example Here friend, look at this and take this to him Neutron calculator will come with you isn't it and it also has neutrons calculated won't these two come together? these two belong to each other what are isotones of each other isotope is ok take care Isoelectronic species according to me There is no need to tell you guys many times It has been named Chik Chik Ke iso means electronic to you real three plus yes and also I write neon you F mines all of these if you guys check If you do it then how many electrons will you get, son? Yes check 10 thousand rupees if you don't believe it No, there are 10, which means everyone has a number These are of electrons sir how will they come So how will Dada be electronic? Iso electronics will be understood Let's look at a question in which year was this asked O Bhai Saheb 2023 and Sir this is the latest There is a latest question, do it but settle it tell me what is iso electronic doing Do you want to tell me what or this electronic s2 - it reduced spoiled it How can these be when can't it be mg2 plus it you plus friend where are the 18 electrons from look near it k plus 18 kal- 18 ca2+ 18 S3 Plus 18 Sir Option He loves her very much, right? Every time he asks a question, apart from this Keep this in mind about Isola Electronic Questions we need to know on Yes D In which electronic homework should be done bhaiya Isn't this what I was saying to you in 2022? No, there is too much love for this in 2022 have asked Specific charge of proton I will tell you in alphabetical specific charge I have done it before, you have to know it yourself to tell from I One more diapers aren't they though this radioactivity Iso diapers are available at a much lower price What is the meaning of iso diaper Isn't it true that neutrons and protons are present like Someone presents you with an example of thorium 304 so I see the proton here atomic number is 90 means there are protons and It has the same number of neutrons plus protons how many are there 234 so what can you do from here You can extract neutrons from here ho 90 out of 234 - kar dog neutron mill and after getting the neutron you will The value of a neutron minus a proton It has to be taken out, okay, yours is here too can you brother atomic number is 92 it means Proton is 92 yes and neutron plus The value of proton is 38 so from here you you can remove the neutron 238 - 92 and here But you will still find its value as neutron - You will see the value of proton, both of these Both of these have value, what is the value, son? if it is from then such substances are present in which The value of neutron-proton is determined by There is another example, there is another thing called what are isostas it is written look These items are molecules or ions whose size is approximately from Similar size containing d to number of atoms and number of atoms from valence electrons and Write examples like valence electrons I gave you o2 you meant o2 - and d neon In the valence cell of both, beta 6 you guys are electrons sorry eight eight Check if electrons are in the valence cell You can and both have the number of atoms Each and every atom is like mother, I have written F - Both ion and neon have one valence cell The number of electrons for both together is There isn't much difference in size right? And the number of atoms in both is also different. If there is such substance then it is called DJR non s is what are they called I think it is called isostructures The story is clear till here, no problem I don't want honey, tell me it is a very easy thing till now We the people have had okay very good so now after this we Let's go ahead and talk about beta dual The nature of electromagnetic radiation is What is the meaning of dual nature here? the electromagnetic radiation that you have This double nature shows who all sa is one, wav nature and sar is another hai particle nature yes sir these are two nature shows Nature does this as well as particle nature Let's see what Wow Nature is and what is particle nature but from that First who will we talk about before that oh brother what is electromagnetic radiation Tell me this is electromagnetic Look at radiation, son, what is it? electromagnetic radiation such radiation in which the electric field and Both magnetic fields are opposite to each other propagates perpendicularly and both of these are in the direction of is also perpendicular to propagation What do you mean sir tell me back like mother There are three things, one is electric field and the other is magnetic field and the third is the direction of Propagation: These three things are directed towards each other are perpendicular Magnetic field if mother lo x propagating in the direction If the magnetic field is on the x axis If your electric current is oscillating then The field will be the one who will pay and the direction of If it would happen through propagation then such radiation would occur are radiation radiation means form of There is energy in which the electric field and magnetic fields to each other does a perpendicular oscillation and that direction of Propagations are non-electromagnetic There is no radiation and whenever there is any charge If acceleration occurs inside the particle then it This one radiates what all is written brother this There is electromagnetic radiation travels at the speed of light in a vacuum what are you talking about it is absolutely right The speed of light is faster than the speed of light Others travel, these ones travel No medium is required to do this Tell me you have the power to travel even in vacuum yes it is a very good thing yes good and in these What is electric field and Magnetic perpendicularity is perpendicular and also the direction of propagation It is perpendicular, yes we should also first I know from okay look at it electromagnetic radiation from each other how is the power different when their wavelength be different when what is their difference if their frequency is different then electromagnetic radiation from each other being different is power okay it's good There is a Kam Aayi whose name is Electromagnetic spectrum what is the name of electromagnetic As much spectrum as you have, son electromagnetic radiation is if you They are given an increasing or decreasing arrange it in order you will say sir Whose increasing or decreasing then Dada You can take increasing decreasing order You can order their frequency yes, your faith is of their wavelength It's your choice, whichever of the two seems right to you Take increasing orders from anyone take the decreasing order which arrangement Banega Date Particular Arrangement Bill will be non-refundable Today the electromagnetic spectrum is what is it called beta electron I understood the magnetic spectrum Look at this matter in front of you, this order is written It has happened I want to order at least this much You must remember first gum rage then Accessories then you then Infrared Microwave radio waves and lastly long Do you know that there are radio waves? It is necessary and important and from here Here the frequency is decreasing at the cost of life and Dvalent is increasing now you see one thing is this ISP question This kind of question can be asked like brother tell me no, tell me who will say the most Whose frequency is it, right, that order is given to you You should know that it does not remember the value It does not remember the value written above but you should at least know the order it's important okay right now here's one thing you And notice son which ultra wallet region and there's this region in the middle of it in the middle of it Which visible region is present no in between whom u and yer in between this What is presented in the visible region It gets presented, which is right Good So these are the electromagnetic spectrum Afterwards we have to look at some small things isn't it like mother what is low wavelength what is wavelength brother it is yours There is electromagnetic radiation in it This is the maximum that is there in this, you can you call it crust and this minima you call him two from the neighboring crust The distance between the two traps is You can do this by measuring the distance between It is Lambida, can you guys call it that? What is wavelength and what is distance Good what is frequency what is frequency happens that your electromagnetic The radiation is in one cycle in one second how many bicycles Sir it completes what is the meaning of cycle hey this is not that bicycle dada this is it A cycle means this is a cycle means number of cycles per second The number of times it is there will be called frequency Frequency represented by new goes Isn't frequency represented by new? did its unit second inverse or Which is its most famous unit? hey hearts which one is it hearts okay good There is a term, what does period mean Like mother, take this electro of yours Magnetic radiation is electro magnetic The radiation takes time to complete one circle one by one [music] come on mother take one oscillation to complete The amount of time it takes is called There is a period, right? And there is a relation between Mau and Tea. This happens to you, this is a new relation You have to keep in mind that this is your time period isn't it new this is equal you one bye you are fine You must know the meaning of velocity The relation is μ = c / lambda. This gives us Keep in mind that there is a question on this formula come on yes here what is the c son speed Off Light Isn't it the speed of light? You can call it velocity. Ok I have a question given on your screen Has there been a question that appears on your screen But it is given here, please look at this question What to write carefully about a Vividh Bhartiya It is the station of India Radio in Delhi. Broadcast at an frequency of Dada frequency given frequency given 1368 Kilo Hertz Bole Toh 10 Tu Di Power Three Calculate the length of heart electromagnetic radiation emitted by the Transmitter, tell me what to do now? I have asked you about wavelength, the world knows it musical tu si apna lambida hota hai yes So you have the frequency, take it with you it is s you want lambda what is lambda It will be three son, you are 10, you are the power of 8 / The sequence is 1368 * 10 ^ 3 right and that's it you can solve this and find out which one you will find in me Let me go, tell me how easy it is, yes, yes Hey tell me friend The frequency is defined for the wave Your Lambida sir everything is for wow is defined but There are some phenomena which you can see in nature off electromagnetic radiation I cannot explain sir which ones are those The phenomenon is the black body written in front of you You cannot explain radiation The photoelectric effect cannot Variation of hit capacity of solid temperature this cannot be explained and the hydrogen spectrum are some Phenomena are written which are called the nature of Explained by electromagnetic radiation it cannot be done and for that we must Whose particle nature do you mean as if diffraction happened, interference happened There are some phenomena which are called by nature You can explain them to them They cannot do this with particle nature There are phenomena that need to be explained We definitely need particle nature, wow If you can't explain Nature Six then now What should we do about these phenomena? I want to study but this thing is We don't need to read it here ok, we don't do that thing here will read So first of all we have to talk What is the black body radiation of Look, black body radiation is such an ideal It is the body which you can control no matter how much frequency give me the light, I will digest the saree and when If back If you feel like commenting then it will be a big deal Radiation of all frequencies is emitted back There is also power to achieve the ideal body it is called black body and this The radiation emitted by a black body is It is now called black body radiation. Someone will say sir here you are using ideal words why are you doing this because it is generally like this the body does not exist, isn't it Observe light of every frequency And also admit that such a body exists I don't do it, right, but still I have made some definition Here is a graph that shows is the wavelength of the black body radiation and The intensity of your graph is a particular You guys can see this in front of you on the temperature What is this graph saying to you? it is being said that as you increase the wavelength The intensity will increase as you increase it The maximum will be at a particular wavelength and Even after that if you increase the wavelength then The intensity will gradually decrease Now this graph will show the temperature You can explain this from particle nature only I will have to give this graph the wow nature of Electromagnetic Radiation Explained don't know how to do it ok if its clear then anyone from here The calculation part is not big In this graph you guys are studying physics I will read more yes So any calculation part is black body It is not asked in Radiation So this is what we are talking about - black body radiation After this, who do we want to talk about? What does the quantum theory say? Your plexus quantum theory let's you It is written on the screen that it is Plax Quantum in the big theory, what would you say ok right Plants quantum theory is a very simple thing look what he said in plank that whenever an atom or a molecule means I am a name late particle whenever someone Limit the energy of particle radiation What does it do? It amends the energy Or if it absorbs energy then Planck said that this absorption of energy or Then we have emission of energy, this is energy It will be in the form of small packets any item molecule continuous energy Does not reduce radiation of every frequency He does it only for energy Small packets will do fine and this It will be the smallest packet of energy Named the smallest packet of energy is it gone quantum what is the name given to quantum and if If I talk of light then how can I say light Date is the smallest particle of energy this non today is photon na like mother take photo Every single photo is the source of your energy It is a small packet of three waters, right? How much did the small packet of three water cost? So yours I don't know how much water energy the item will have can observe 3 June if If you have observed a packet then do it on 6th June if two packets are observed then 9 June can be done if three packets are observed If you have done it then you can do it on 12th June if you have done it When I observed the packet, it was this energy Absorption is not always continuous it will be in the form of packet and this He also calculated the energy of the photon Kari said that the energy of photon is it is directly proportional to you frequency of light yes and from here if you will you remove the proportionality sign Constantly will you do this ha you guys Named Blank who stunt yes Banks constant its value to you people It is 6.62*10 thou D power mines 304 Yes, this is energy, there is a photo of him, right? Look here, what else do you see in place of new? can you write You can also write it as C/λ, then it is energy of one photon is not one photo of their Energy more one photo his energy of one Photon now if someone is one of you then sir mother lo There are N number of photos like this then son Energy of a photon you guys can easily can you calculate if this is the mass of a photon If there is energy then the energy of Munna N photon what should I do to remove it from here multiply it, yes, yes it was clear what can you do multiply by n You can just end the story now Numericals are formed which are asked in the exams Let's go, it's okay, we'll see later let's talk about those questions Numerical Key of G Mains 2022 in front of you there is a question, isn't it, look this question what does the question say that the energy of one mass of photon tell me are you there The value of yes is already given in the question. and the value of wavelength is given Son Revlind has given extra 300 new Note nano me which one to convert it to 300 * 10^-9 m in m This is done, now you can write it like this 3 * 10^-7m you get it Lambda Find the value of energy of 140 said sir energy of one photon one photon how much will it be Sir K / Lambida and he has asked us you have asked if there is one mass of photons or not then energy of one mal photon one mal means Avogadro number so you this energy have a Multiply the gate by two numbers and Be happy, if it is just a calculation then solve it yourself don't expect that I will have to do this do i will solve this, right? The value is given to you in the question, C we already have c3*10 tou d power at it happens, right, and the value of lambda Here it is, just solve it, answer Power I have heard your calculations It's really awesome isn't it, why are you keeping quiet about it If the dog is finished then see its solution You will have to take one of these questions But I am telling you that What a simple question is asked This chapter is not very complicated It is an easy chapter though a bit lengthy It is a big chapter but the questions are easy in it Tough questions are asked There is no chapter, it is actually okay right? You also have to read this chapter in the same way And very simple questions of Mains Advance You will also see a lot from this chapter You will get an easy question, okay let's move ahead we are the people asked another question Photo The fibers of energy are energy is it valid then i can write it Energy is inversely proportional to lambda so if I want to write my a2 So that will become Lambida you are your Lambida one yes hey dada you will have to say brother yes food I will have to tell you Dada, you are your Lamda How much is that 4000 and how much is Lambda one 200 200 this video is gone sir you can find it here It is no more friends it is no more then this is 2000 Brother now do 2000 for this and you will get this sir 2y1 isn't it energy fibers what will you get by One, here is the option number, it is correct, isn't it? Very simple questions come from this, see more Take some questions and we will do it what do you do in this We took the least number of photons, what is it Son and mother take the number of photons how many kgs n kgs 4000 pico m it means 4000*10 tu d power mines 12m which After calculation 4 * 10 is given to the power - How much will I get brother? 10 to the power of -9. If it would have happened friend, it would have been very easy now What will be the formula of energy A = NHC/LAMBDA Yes Energy is with us we don't know the value of a water n number of The value of a photon is its value The world knows the value of C is 3 * 10 thou The power is 8 and the lambda will be it will be done sir 4*10 you are at the power of -9 yes Solve the problem and find the value of n. Just stay, it's more important to be happy brother yes If you study happily then it will be beneficial It's too much, I always speak even in class when you are like this too much You will study by taking the burden on your mind, right? You will study with a lot of forward thinking It won't be possible, it will be very difficult, right? Because if there were 10 things going on in your mind A person's concentration power is very low If you are there then be happy and whatever is around you There are people, they see your face when they Look, you shouldn't feel that way, brother, So the guy is very worried, it hasn't happened like this They wonder, how can this guy be so happy He is preparing for G but still he is happy No yes then God where did that happiness come from People have a problem which is nothing He is studying, he said, why don't you take any care of yourself I don't have to give anything, at least one He is happy, he will be happy, said Lafda I don't want to fart, it will be ok So it won't happen, it won't happen and the other person will be happy Relief is what solves everyday problems every day Does not keep backlog of questions properly solves revision solves revision Is That person will be happy, right? And who will be sad? relief is something no one does in a lesser way He has a huge backlog of head, sometimes he does it My friend thinks I should leave this and do something else I am late, doesn't he ever think that someone is there It doesn't matter, I will see whatever happens She is studying like this, isn't she? The one who has this attitude is not worried and relieved So brother, I do not keep such a thing to myself at all Be happy, absolutely cool and every day is worth every penny finish it and don't let the backlog become the biggest that's the thing this is this backlog series and you guys You are saying sir, let it not happen, it means In a way you can reduce it to a revision Obviously you are preparing for the time when you will go It is a thing if there is a huge backlog You will start losing confidence and then you You will keep getting separated from the rest of the people, right? And that One day the backlog will become so big that We will leave it, said friend, it won't happen now Will he be able to let his confidence fall down There will be no backlog of money, pay attention give it to you whenever you have time Take out an hour every day And the sooner people repent the more they move forward It will be that easy for you, otherwise the backlog will keep on increasing will come in less and less in the chapter and our every The chapter will get spoilt, so don't let this happen Take out time for this, one hour every day Manage whatever backlog you have a little bit Give it some time and push yourself a little I will have to do it brother, I have not committed this sin So if it is you then push yourself a little ko yaar ok i am studying for first 6 hours Now I will study with you for hours like my mother Reduce your Sunday holiday a bit and have some fun Take less time, study for two-three hours like this Mother, take any other school exam, not school I am on vacation so take advantage of it You can take benefit by doing all these things you will have to clear your backlog then your There will be happiness on your face Now I live with full energy I will attend the classes, yes, right? Come and see What does this question say, you have to write it It is a 25 watt bulb brother, what does 25 volt mean I think the whole world knows that 25 vats per second of water means this This is a bulb, 25 June energy in one second I will edit it, I am right It asks us how many quantums it has He will take the photo but it means 1 second from me. How many quanta are asked in a second means You have asked about the value of photon, yes it is My son Lambida has given me a micrometer The value given to you is 57 * 10 ^ -6 m what should I do mother you are late and number is off If there is a photon then the value of energy will be NHC/LAMBDA Yes Energy is near me 25th June Energy and I need to find out ha I have the value of C I have the value of lambda solved find the value of n and be happy It's over, right? So these are the kinds of questions Your NCERT questions but very This type of question is a good question can be asked okay so son this was it Blank quantum theory now after this we The next big thing is a really great concept I am going to study and this concept what is the name of photo electric effect What is the name of the photoelectric effect Is It is a very simple thing like your mother There is a metal surface nearby This metal surface there will be lots of metal atoms in it there must be plenty of electrons here When you have light of a certain frequency no what are you guys doing here there is a light you are putting it on its surface right but one By shining light of certain frequency you will One thing to notice is that this metal surface it's taking out its surface electrons The metal surface allows electrons to be ejected and can be used on any metal surface the reaction that occurs between the electrons electrons are called photos electrons and this phenomenon is non existent photo electric effect this phenomen what is called photoelectric effect This is a very easy and simple thing, isn't it? This suggests you have a setup like this I have taken it, right? Your light is coming from here. is this light like this metal surface of yours will fit the electrons out from here These electrons will move from here to there we will move the circuits will be completed and here But whatever is me, there will be deflation in it like me There will be deflation in it which means current flow has taken place It is possible only if there is current flow when a particle comes from here to there complete the circuit meaning of electrons The injection has been done, now the thing has come that everyone Why does electrons have to do with it? The story is simple, it is a very easy thing brother look like mother this is the nucleus and The electron is revolving around it what did you do from here a certain The frequency light has been put on, right? A photo will come and that photo will be of this the electron will get He thought he absorbed the photo and then what Now think and look at this electron and these people are negative and positive in the world They attract each other, right? In chemistry, pluses and minuses are always the same If these two attract each other, then there is attraction between and what did you do Haven't you seen this attraction from the world? Attractions cannot be seen between two people, brother If it is not so then what will the world do with attractions would like to break this attraction and what do you need to do to break this Energy has to be given to the electron, yes no what do you have to do with this electron will have to provide energy in chemistry when You also need to break the force of attraction If you had to give energy then what did you do gave so much energy to the electron that it The electron which is going to be this force of will break the attractions and get out of here The part will extend beyond the metal surface But notice, if this electron has there is not enough energy to If you break the force of attraction then this The electrons do not leave the metal surface It will come, that is why I have said it is a certainty frequency light has to be put in Frequency means energy yes frequency is directly proportional energy is Directly proportional to frequency yes So if mother has low frequency a certain If the frequency is less than the metal surface will not come out if the frequency is certain if the frequency is greater than that The electron will escape from the surface of the metal And this is the minimum frequency which Any electron from the metal surface Take out the [ __ ] in my [ __ ] son That is called the minimum frequency. What is called threshold frequency threshold frequency yes then electron NEVER BEFORE FREEWORLD FREQUENCY This is because it will not come out from the metal surface. The first observation is yes this is the frequency which is the minimum frequency Any electron is required to be a metal to take it out from the surface of What is called threshold frequency? which is shown with new note, correct isn't this the first thing and the second this was the metal surface this electron came Sorry I made a photo and didn't take the photo from here is hitting the electron right and this The photon has sufficient energy to When this electron comes out, it it won't happen that this photon will come it's hello won't it and this photon will hit this electron observe this electron of this proton apply it with force and say tea and water will be done now You go out after drinking, it doesn't happen like this brother isn't it, as soon as this photon hits your the electron will do the same thing out of here this electro will hit this photon There is a time difference between the electron and the electron it doesn't happen it doesn't happen this thing remember okay so there's no time light right The second point you need to keep in mind is I have neither got any time nor any time to observe the lake It does not happen if a photo of sufficient energy if it hits this electron then your The electrons come out of the surface of this metal One more good thing will happen that this number off photo electrons which are emitted from the metal surface it has come out there directly proportional to the intensity of light Ness means number of photons, so the more The more intense the light, the higher the number will eject the off photo electrons and IT IS A VERY IMPORTANT THING independence of it is independence of Frequency of Light Independence of frequency of light whether light Whatever the frequency, the number of photos There is no difference in the health of the electron This is a very important thing If I draw a small graph in front of you isn't it a small graph if I were to Should I make it in front of you, son, I have written it here number of photo electrons okay and here But I am writing that you are the frequency Here I have written the frequency now I will make two graphs for you to understand. I have seen the first graph, this graph is like this What does this graph tell you? The graph shows that as long as the frequency No photos until the situation becomes so bad The electron will not be rejected first Where is photo electron rejection taking place on this frequency, I mean this What is the frequency, what is the threshold The frequency is How many photos at this frequency? the electrons have been rejected and now if Even after this you guys will increase the frequency If you increase the frequency then the number of photos There is no difference in the health of the electrons You will have to find out this thing from here, that This is the number of photo electrons does not depend on frequency is needed to remove the electron but After that if you increase the frequency So there will be no difference in the number of photo electrons yes mother i will not need this light I thought it was okay for low intensity Friend a little bit I frequency sorry I have seen the intensity increase when intensity congratulations so I observed this thing kari's this time That was my graph, I got this photo even today electrons come out at this frequency You will be rejected but here it is This is an intensity light. What kind of light is this? Dada, high intensity light means more When I put in the intensity light I also like the number of photo electrons more This was the first observation and the second was that It has no dependency on frequency This is a very important thing then I wrote that friend, it is kinetic energy On what does the photo electron depend then I noticed one thing that kinetic energy is it's directly proportional to the frequency of light yes it is directly proportional to what dada frequency of light and and it it's independence of whom it's independence of it is independence of Whose independence is this? It has nothing to do with intensity, yes Yes it has nothing to do with the intensity of light for example if you take kinetic energy and Do you want to make a graph between intensity? Between intensity and kinetic energy Do you want to make a graph? Okay Dada, this one The graph will be made like this: increase the intensity and decrease it give me the share of kinetic energy It doesn't matter if there is anything else But if you take the kinetic energy of your Created a graph then the kinetic energy is it is directly proportional isn't it The graph will be drawn here is the kinetic energy and here is the beat of frequency so look Dada the graph that is going to be made will be made from here This is how it will be, this is how obsessed this one is Electronic East before frequency If not, the kinetic energy will be zero First time here at this frequency If an electron is present then this frequency I am going to name the fresh hold frequency okay you guys understand what I'm saying So already there are 20000 observations and On the basis of these observations, a brother who was known to the world as Albert Einstein She knows this photo actor from observed the effect and explained it what did he do that he said that you are total you are giving energy through photons yes jo You have given total energy, give me this total energy How much does it reduce the total energy? there are two less which are those two less first of all then It removes the electron from the metal surface will come out and the more energy it takes should it be called a function and Second, if the mother loses extra energy If the mother loses extra energy then she will be converted into kinetic energy The total energy which is received through the photon she will give him two commissions first pushing the electrons out of the metal surface and the more energy is retired hoga dat bill be non today's function and here The extra energy that the girl has is hers got converted into kinetic energy From here I can write the total energy. The new function will be activated So from here you guys can use kinetic energy formula yes new - can you write new note Right here the new note means that it is new what is the note what is the shoulder frequency hey Are you guys understanding what I am saying Dada yes yes And this is what is noted well what is it called a function where it is yes who is the plax Dan now the questions that are asked are like this questions are asked about this formula like mother take this one question on your screen remained what is this doing to the question the question asks me wavelength of light good wavelength mother Wavelength di di bhai 4000 times Vivel is such that it means Lambida note I have also given 5420 Lambida has given the note and what about us I have asked what is the function, you asked oh brother what is the function I asked you to show Dada's function properly Five is shown as if it is a new note and in place of μnot we use our lambda note I can write yes, you people know its value ho si value do you know lambda note It is in front of you, you must solve it what will you get Call it energy or call it function Say either of the two, it's your belief It's your choice, either of the two Till here the story is clear, let's move ahead let's go look at another question what is happening the function is given or not the function is given That means you have given the value of the note as 3.2 * 10 Tu De Power Mines 19 June Isn't the value of kinetic energy more than mine? If you ask what is the problem with this Kinetic what is the formula for energy son New Mines The value of is already there and the value of new is If I have it then multiply it by yes 6.62*10 thou d power mines 34 and new I have 8*10 you d power 14 it has happened Institute of solving this? you will get kinetic energy Tell me if there is any problem with you, it's fine You have the power, right? It's a very simple question, let's go Let us move forward and ask this question in which year? What was asked in 2019? I have to write a question which is of D graph Son Below Country Note Represents D Relationship between incident light and electron Reject from metal surface is given first Kinetic Energy and Energy Perfect The thing is, this graph is absolutely correct Kinetic energy has no relation with intensity This graph is also correct, it has nothing to do with it is the number of electrons with frequency This graph which does not change is also correct and here the kinetic energy of The frequency graph starts from zero. The graph will not start from zero Where does the special start from next it starts with frequency give me any frequency The electron will go out, this is totally wrong brother right, it won't start from here it will start incorrectly asked last option it will be corrected ok Let go After the effect we will talk further and that is it yes who will we talk about There is spectrum, you guys have studied physics I read like mother you have a there is a prism, from here the white light came and this What does a prism do? White light in different radiations together with different What does it do? It splits the colors and what you have written is about Lambida There is an increasing order of raid, right? Lambda is more so what did you do in a way Different types of photographic film It ranges the radiation and this Arrange it non forward What do I say to someone, son? Now this is called spectrum You can see the spectrum, right? Continuous spectrum is continuous because you see one color in another The second, third and fourth are merging into the third I also discuss the story in fourth and fifth this is not a discontinuity so this type of Spectrum is non s continuous actually The spectrum is of two types It happens son continuously look here it is from here to here look at the story also in the middle there is no disc continuity isn't this Continuous factor this one is also continuous This one is also continuous and this what is continuous spectrum Say discontinuous or else the line Say spectrum, look at your screen There is light from here to here, it is here in the middle The light is missing here, right? The discontinuity has already come and then after that back to the various wavelengths here in front of you there is different missing in between then the wavelength it is there then it is missing then it is there then this These are examples, whose son is this From the example of discontinuous spectrum Continuous means that every Light Present a Certain Frequency in the range and this continuous means something Frequency lights are not present there Is Now this is the discontinuous spectrum It is also of two kinds, which one is which one is emission and the other is absorption Which one is Amazon and which other one is there If the absorption is okay then we should talk Who needs to do beta emission line spectrum Who are we going to talk about, emission lines? Why is it said spectrum, you should see it because when disponding Look, I am talking about spectrum. Are you able to see the lines in the middle? It is being said like this, yes many times lines which hey look it's dark here and this one Sometimes the lines are bright and sometimes the lines are dark be bright too, have power It depends what kind of spectrum is it so if mother take I am talking about the emission lines factor. If yes then what is the emission lines spectrum Understand this a little bit Isn't it true that you should understand this a little like a mother do you have a sample You hit it off Internship okay so there's a lot of atoms in this sample There will be lots of those items Electrons will be present now right? Mother takes the electron first in its ground state before hitting was present when you hit it So this electron got energy and this Where did the electron go from here moved to Exide State has gone into an energetic state, now you Do you know anyone in higher energy state If the electron is not stable then what will it be? He will realize his mistake and he Trying to get back to your ground state will try to come into a low energy state will try yes now that she is low energy When will he come to the state when he gets some radiation only then it reaches its low energy state I can do this now that radiation is Comment on the one which is energy saving energy in the form of radiation and this Radiation is the cause, what did you tell them? did Nicole pass through the prism and You can see these by passing them through a Nicol prism. Become an inspector on a photography film took [music] So your photographic film here how many lines will you get on this you will get the lines You will see lines here, this will tell you It will be known that this was your sample Which lines have which wavelengths that the light has been illuminated isn't it and because You have recorded the emitted wavelength in the spectrum I have taken it down so this spectrum is non today Emission ok what is this called emission Spectrum and Amazon Lines Spectrum Why did I say that because I showed you the lines is giving you understood my point very good ok in this one you guys each have a small you can also write this formula stopping potential or not, stopping potential is one You guys can write relation kinetic Energy = There is tension, you people can write this formula Ho Kinetic Energy and Stopping Potential Stopping potential means the potential Due to which your movement of electrons it will stop, the electron will stop, stop will be done and the negative potential will be It is said that the stopping potential is okay So this is a small story for you. Now if I take into account hydrogen If I talk about hydrogen then it is It is spectrum, son, that emission Is there a spectrum of hydrogen? The item which is in its ground state tha yes was in its ground state electrons and when they are in the excited state went and came back Is it okay if mother takes this radiation for It is black, you need to find out its wavelength isn't it, this is the energy state that I have called it I said n1 and this is the energy status I called it n2 Energy or Amit whatever you do with radiation how much is the details then there is a formula which You have to keep in mind lambda is equal to r has square yes And what is the atomic number of S? what is the atomic number with What is the lower energy state? and what is n2 where will you get this 1 / λ okay now you have a The thing to notice is that hydrogen There was a spectrum, you got it in the spectrum Which series do you see most? Series What is a series of some group of lines it is said And which are those series? Which are those series? What is the meaning of the series for the series and Which group of lines will be called like If I talk about Lemon Series The meaning of the Lemon Series is that for this The value of n1 is always one The electron will always come to the ground state and the value of n2 can be anything are you anything from three four to infinity It can also be Dan yes well now this is the line of the series There are lines, son, this is in the ultraviolet region You should keep this in mind I want balm after lemon, is that okay Balmer series lines are called such lines for which the value of n1 is 0, and The value of n2 will range from 34 to These are the lines that go till infinity Are asked quite often in the visible region this is the question then after that Digestion takes place Ok What is the value of n1 and what is the value of n2 Kitna 4 5 to Lake Infinity Kiss Me Who is next after the west in infrared Here comes the bracket right, then who comes to fund right then who comes we are free Now you understand what it is, right? Brackets means the value of n1 is 4 and that of n2 is 2 The value can be anything from 567 to infinity here the value of n1 could be 5 But the value of n1 will be six, here the value of n2 will be six. The values ​​range from 6, 7, 8 to infinity and so on The value of n2 can be anything from 78 to infinity. It can also be So you should know these lines second This thing is that the lines of the saree will be like this Which will be presented in the infrared region these lines are presented ok if mother asks you this in question Say brother the first line of the lemon series The first line of the question message was asked Off Lineman Series it means Electron You are in the consumption, I want an answer which means electron three seven in a When it tells you the ultimate line isn't it the last line of lineman series So that means he is coming from infinity to one The value of n2 is infinity The value of n1 is one ok if mother says this to you in the question First Line of War Series what does it mean Electron Balmer series means the value of n1 You are there and the first line means that 3 to 2 I have been A but the line means 4 to 2 there is a and the meaning of last line you are coming from infinity So another question that arises is this kind of question is asked in this what else questions can be asked And that is the question that is being asked of you. Could be the least in the Brother Lemon series energy corresponding to the transition Which electron will be the least? Energy is obviously the lowest The energy will be when the electron goes from 0 to 1 will come in Lambda Max Lemix means most energy Minimum and lowest energy in Lyman series What is the corresponding transaction? The matter is clear yes ok let me tell you that maximum energy then which will be the corresponding transition of You people will say that maximum means Infinity Seven has a So this will use up most of my energy and IMAX means I have taken Lambda minimum This can also be asked from you about the minimum wavelength If you tell me the transition then what is the minimum wavelength This will be the transition to Infinity Seven Who is Lemon Series good for? I will talk about the Brahmin series in this may I ask you minimum wavelength minimum wavelength Meaning maximum energy and maximum energy I mean, from infinity, you, I tell you Maximum wavelength means minimum energy and Mineral energy means 3 to 2 so this second There is a type of question which is similar to this one asked on the topic Orbit tu first orbit find out d Frequency Wavelength of Spectrum Line it is there, look the value of n2 is 3 for n1 The value is one and you get the formula hydrogen It means that if the value of 's' becomes one then I had told you guys the formula one of my own lambda is equal to r square 1/ n1² - 1 / n2² and the centimeter inverse is If you solve this, you will get lambda which in centimeters convert it to meters Lena and what else did you ask me? If you ask for frequency then frequency will be there will end c/lambda Do it guys but look at one more thing This option is not there for him brother Isn't it true that you have given the wrong option? And look further. Another thing asked is calculate transition in hindi series ok look what was i saying Longest Son to You If nothing is said, then hydrogen will become the mother's We have to solve it like this you guys you can do the calculation Hydrogen has been asked, it has been said that The value of will become one, the value of r will give you I have already told you, right, son? There are questions like these that This type of question is asked on the topic what do you guys want to do with this balmer Where are the series in the visible region isn't it, where is it visible to us It happens, I had got it written just now Isn't it true that Baba, you have got it written in the revisible if so Dan so this was gonna be the spectrum of Hydrogen okay after this we'll move on and Whose Boros atomic model will we talk about? what did he say, what did he post The lamps were weighed very easily and then what is in his according bur We also talk about calculations okay so let's go first The possibility of this was that the The electron is the nucleus Rotates around fixed circular text it rotates on the fixed circular text and What do you make of this circular text? you can do it for energy level or can you call it energy cell, right? call it cell You can say it or you can say energy level As I am roaming here, this is the first sale here misguided then second cell is misguided here So the third is the circular evolves on the text Then he said another great thing, that until the electron revolves around the nucleus will remain on a fixed path till then there is no energy It does not emit any energy absorbs till it gets a fix revolving around the nucleus on the text but if mother takes the electron from her side changes position from one place to another mother wants to go from lower to higher You want to go to the energy state, right? From lower energy state to lower cell to higher Brother wants to go to the cell, if the style increases Energy will increase from lower cell to higher cell If he wants to go to the cell, what should he do? will have to absorb energy I am clear on what he has to do son the energy will have to be absorbed and if Mother take that from higher energy state to lower What will he do when he comes into energy state? The energy will The difference is only in the energy of the electron and only then will he come and only then will he come When it has a transition of electron if The electron is moving on a fixed path then His energy never changes with time This is a very awesome thing was posting yes yes i understood charity good then look after it now how much energy will it generate it will absorb This difference comes from energy and that energy I will now tell you the value of energy How can you guys calculate it No matter how much energy you absorb then admit He would do it then he would also publish another post This possibility is very important This post is very important What does this postulate say to you? says that Take the electron and rotate in a fixed position so the electron is on this lesson on this lesson The electron will be able to revolve only further only this orbital at this energy level Whose vital angular will be able to revolve momentum which is this is your orbital angle will be yes he will be able to move around on the text which is of the text Orbital angular momentum is son that is / What is an integral multiple of 2pi it will be yes here the value of n is Your orbital will be here Angular momentum is this, it cannot be 0.5 Anytime the value of n here will be This point five must be a whole number at some point it can't be possible either, right? So this is a used to post which is quite important and this I even asked you a question while posting. can you go to this post office right Now you have to keep in mind that after this It was your peacock, what did it do? formulas were derived what did he do Formula derived from whom like mother Take electron moving in one orbit So what will be the radius of the orbit With what velocity will it rotate in orbit How much energy will it have in orbit, it is not known formula drive okay now i The complete derivation cannot be done by you because we have some time It is consistent but I can tell you this I wonder how that derivation would have happened I can tell you how to do that ok People saw the complete situation like that Wherever you might have read it, look at it mother this is the nucleus son its atomic number and this is its electrons like this mother, these electrons revolve around it it is happening yes and this is the distance the distance is r what is this distance r okay now if the electron rotates on this if the power applied towards it is off Attractions take its atomic number mother So what is its atomic number beta s okay right what is the atomic number of it How much will be the charge on Nucleus there will be sa*e charge yes sa*e charge Now the distance between these two is r Center option force will be applied on the outside what is its formula mv²/r so this inwardly mounted electrostatic There is force of attraction and outwards center option force off If there is attraction then there is centrifuge force How will these two balance each other? only then will the electron be a particular lesson but if both these forces now The matter has come that Sir, this Force of This is attraction, what will it be equal to electrostatic force of attraction if you have q1q2 / r² then check it So what is the q1 of an electron? charge and q2 is what is s * a / r² so this becomes gaya k sa a square apne r square yes this will now be done by these two forces they will be equal to a square r squared is equal to mv²/r In my opinion this is a formula that you have to keep in mind and one more The formula is MR = n/2π n MBR = n/2π These are the two equations in front of you. Solve these equations with the help of equations By doing this you can find out the value of radius ho whose success will you guys solve by solving these equations You can extract the value from here also. take it out and put it in this like from here V's If you take out the value and put it in, you will get R It will be okay, whose R will you get? Put R in this formula and you can also get it If it goes then you can find the radius and velocity can you extract the energy of the electron or Then you guys also provide the energy of the orbitals cell can you find it ok sir how Look, I'll write you the formula No directly, you remember those formulas Or first let's talk about radius off orbit okay radius of orbit The electron is revolving in its orbit What will be the radius of the orbit? Simply put, There is a formula, you guys are a formula Sir will take direct care of the orphan orbit The radius is what it is This is the formula, remember it here but which is n which is n orbit number tell me tell me two cell numbers what is atomic here Number You will get the radius of the second orbit You will get the square of 0.529 * 2 if you You will find the radius of the third orbit You will get a square of 0.529*3 if you are an orphan If you find out the radius of the orbit, it will give you 0.529 * n² will be obtained, right? So this is something It's the little things that make you notice them okay don't give up this is the formula for radius The radius of N format is 0.529 times of n² happens other is here style number or orbit number is it ok first thing is now after this Mother, let's talk after the radius the velocity of the electron is right With what velocity will the electron move? You can see the velocity of the electron from here People can say that the radius is it is directly proportional to n square Bye S is there radius of which is directly proportional is n square now here velocity we would talk about the velocity It is 2.19 * 10 /n me per second yes this is the formula Memorize the formula to get rid of knots I swear you won't say anything but I swear If you don't eat it then I want to see whatever You guys have to see that, you have to see it, son the velocity it is directly Proportional to s by n is not velocity what happens is directly proportional These formulas are simple and clear Remember directly, brother, someone else will read it There is no cure for this and there is no cure for this do you remember the formula, the question will be asked If you don't remember the formula, there will be no question ok look at it number of revolution number of revolution Made by electron number of revolution Made By Electron Made By Electron In How many electrons in one second? Revolution How many revolutions will you make? I mean how many times will it rotate then look friend electrons aren't they? this is the nucleus if the electrons are revolving around mother take mother let's take the number of revolution how many are there If a revolution started here and When he comes back here, how many will he get? Distance travel is 2 p r a How much distance travel in revolution kari you are p then tell me one thing if Do you want me to get out of here Velocity V what is v distance and how much time Distance travel will bring a revolution sir I travel 2 pir distance and he If N is making a revolution then sir this is it will travel n * 2πr so distance will do it and how much time will it take 1 second 1 in seconds we are calculating so From here, son, the value of n that we will get is what will happen n will happen v/25 r yes Sir how many revolutions will he complete Only he who drinks will complete the revolution equal to R and I just told you that they do it directly The proportional to be thou by n and the r what happens is that it is n² / s from here if you You will talk about the number of revolutions that is it will be z² / n³ right, that's directly The proportional will be whose square by n When will this question be asked in advance? You have been asked directly, right? You asked directly, right? It has been said that the revolutions that take place on Second, whose directly proportional Donations are made and then move forward and then after that If mother takes it, I can find out that time is taken But how much is one revolution in one revolution? It will take time In completing one revolution if it takes him the electron completing one revolution if it is there then how much time will it take dada What is the formula time that comes out What will be the time, son, it will be time It will be time, I will show the time with T I give you time is equal to what you do or Take the velocity back V = what will happen What is the distance in one revolution Distance travelled will be 2 p r divided by time then from here we will get the value of t 2πr/v yes just the opposite of that will be v / 2 p r was this 2πr/v so this time You will get what you get for n³ / z² Directly Proportional and K Buys is it directly proportional to the square These are such things, son, small things that the examiner may ask you and look now we People talk about energy Isn't this the most important thing in this let's talk about the energy of electrons let's talk about the energy of the electron ok let's talk about the energy of electron The energy of the electron is one the potential energy is one kinetic energy if i potential energy So you guys know about mines k s squared is my r and if I If I talk about kinetic energy then it would be is half a square its r Where did this kinetic energy come from? Half k square root of your r comes from this formula and I just told you from here See how you can get the value of 1/2 mv² square you will get your r ok right From here you will get the value which Negative sign is beta potential energy I mine it shows who it tells If your potential energy attracts you It is negative, it means it shows attractions I am late talking about total energy The total energy will be equal to kinetic energy plus potential energy It will be equal if you add all these things So Dada how much total energy will you get mines ki sa a square your tu r mines ki sa square yours and you will get this Total energy relation is asked many times If you look at this relation carefully So how can I do that? What kind of person am I? can I do something that the potential energy is potential energy is equal Please check your times of total energy The potential energy is 2 times Check if the total energy is off potential energy is equal to two times two of total energy would not have happened and other things You can do this too You can also say that the kinetic energy will be equal to the mode of total energy check it out I have to check now that I am talking correctly Orphans do it and energy in the beat The energy content of sorbitol is -13.6 * S square yes or which one do you get electrons in Vault N is here Cell number S is here But look at one more thing: your atomic number Dada what do you want to see we know that sir one Electron volt is equal to 1.6 * 10 you d power mines 19 water then if If I'm going to convert this into water This will become - 2.18 * 10 to the power of -80 * z² /n² atom on water and if you see this in gallery If you want to convert then let us know One calorie is equal to 4.18 water no you can write it as approximately 4.2 water Divide this by 4.2 and you will get the value In which will you get it You will get it in the gallery right, but this This is a formula, this is a lot of formula The son of Yes Energy is important This is a formula that is very It is important, there are many questions on this are what you get that's asked for and This question will continue to be asked in the future as well Your guarantee is dal and see and see if Mother, let me talk to you using this formula Let me talk about the formula and from here if If I take out the energy of the first orbit then You guys calculate and you will get -13.6 Neither for hydrogen nor on hydrogen We are doing these calculations and we're doing this calculation for hydrogen yes because the value of s becomes one If you look at the energy of the first orbit Energy of first orbit e1 is how much How much did you get -13.6 * z² / n² -13.6 electron volts yes if we get a second Let's calculate the energy of the cell minus 13.6 * z² / n² n² means 2² - 3.4 electron volts will come if I bring out the third style energy So -13.6 * 1/3² is the square root of this -1.52 electron volts you will get okay isn't it okay now if you look at the fourth orbit If you want to release energy then keep releasing it like this what is important is to stay and keep getting away from What is important to keep in mind is this is from the energy third of the fourth orbit The third will be more than the second And the second will be more than the first The story will continue, meaning you from the nucleus as you're walking away As you move away from the nucleus your energy is increasing The energy keeps increasing and the The second important thing is that you The value of mines and will be highest then After that comes e3 - e2 then after that e4 - A3 will come, it will keep running like this i5-e4 will come, this means that As you move away from the nucleus you will go between two shells of energy The difference is that it is gradual It will keep decreasing, energy is going to increase But between the two orbits of the two and the vitals The difference in energy between the two shells It will slowly slowly diminish it is very important that you keep it in mind I have to keep it, I will remember it, right? There is one more thing, if I take it from you mother may I ask, is there a term If there is one more thing then where did it come from Brother where did this come from right? Let's write it on this side They remove the homework what's the matter There is a term which was called this What did you say about ionization energy, Dada? What is called ionisation energy Ionisation energy is its formula hey my brothers what is the formula The ionization energy is i infinity From first sale to mines and electrons Where do you go after removing the first chal and then moving on to the next place? How much do I have to take to infinity Energy will be retired, see now The energy at infinity is zero and the energy of the first cell is - z² / n² means per 1 electron volt You can get the item directly from here The formula to remember is beta ionization You should know that energy plus plus 13.6* z² item lot on Electron Vault This is the important formula, everyone knows this I will remember the formula and keep it in mind This pic questions can be asked yes remember what will remain I'll have to say food ok grandfather now take mother what will you get from this Jalta is the brother and its sister is Seperation Energy Yes Siparation Energy Beta Siparation Energy what is an electron yes that is yours he is moving in some style yes he is in some roaming in a style orphan roaming in a style I have to pick it up from there and put it in Where is the electron at infinity? to be removed from the cell and sent to infinity So the amount of energy that will be retired what will it be called separation energy and this This happens because the sum of zero is 13.6 * z² / n² atom on electron volt okay right so you From here, solve this also and do separation You can write the formula for energy: 13.6 * z² /n² Atom Speak on Electron Vault Speak hey are you understanding this dada yes this brother something These are formulas, friend, look at physical chemistry I haven't been able to do much without the formula so it won't work here either well then a little more Formula you guys and keep maximum attention number of maximum number of spectral Lines How many maximum spectral lines can be formed there is power The electron is transitioning to a state The electron is undergoing a transition, son. an electron is going from n2 to n1 and how much maximum how much maximum specter The lines that can be made are formulas Grandfather n2 - n1 * n2 - n1 +1 / 2 This Remember the formula and be happy yes yes You will remember this is a very simple formula Isn't it n2 - n1 + n2 - n1 * -11 + 1 / 2 No, your question is not wrong with this formula If you want, you can see spectral lines You can also take it out directly, right? You can also take it out directly if you want but if you apply this formula then Your question is not wrong, it is direct You can also get the formula manual You guys can solve it manually too, right? Can you figure out how much is there in this we are getting spectral lines okay So whose thing is this going to be Now who are we going to talk about After this we asked some questions People We would have done practice on the atomic model board okay okay let's get started so First look at the question written on your screen Let's quickly check what to write Look, this is a very simple question Have to write de radio show witch of de Following orbit is beyond date of burs Which is the first orbit of hydrogen atom? The radius of the orbit is from Radius of the first orbit of the hydrogen atom if it is ok then check it once Let's see what he is trying to say to us The first orbit of hydrogen is its We wrote the formula for radius look 529 * n² / s and if I have hydrogen I talk about n = 1, given that it is also one If this happens then the first orbit of hydrogen radius of the circle will be 0.59 ask us this You have asked which orbital has a radius If it is 0.529 then you can do it easily You see beryllium three plus yes beryllium Three plus is given when the value of N is 2 The value of beryllium is given as 4 This happens if you apply the formula of R Radius of second orbit 0.59 * 2 square and its atomic number will be Four yes so how much are you getting this also only 529 and the radius between the two is A it is exactly like this so option number di will be correct finished yes let's move forward moving on to the next question d Radius of birth first orbit of Helium Plus is xD radius of more second orbit of hydrogen is yes like this A lot of questions are asked when you If people drink, you will also get to know about it You will see it when you write the formula for radius How can you answer such questions directly? Let's solve it, you should know this there is a formula i can do it radius will be its directly The proportional value of n square by s will be Tell me, you can write comparison here now Among whom should Dada Helium Plus be used? and hydrogen then you can do this Likh dog radius of helium plus divided by radius of hydrogen is equal to n Square Apne S For Who Is Helium Plus and n²/s for hydrogen what is the problem n² how much hydrogen and of Helium Plus First orbit is given, okay so let it be n1 it will go and helium will say s, you come on Excellent and here are more second orbits of hydrogen then second orbit means of n you have given me value yes you have power of 2 will be divided into four by hydrogen's stubbornness it happens that whoever solves this how much will you get 1/8 now what will happen here have you kept it or is it an ex? If x is then tell the radius of hydrogen How much will your dog cost sir it will be 8x finished story what's wrong with this yes problem there is no one there so if such questions These are also comparison questions A lot of questions are asked I see he is asking for another question for the hydrogen atom and the electron in d Is it the ground state or not? Hydrogen atom is given here the value of has become one ground straight means the value of first n is one and the energy is It has given - 13.6 electron volts We already know what Rakhi is, brother No and the Second Exide State asks us hey look this is the ground state S is the ground state meaning when n = 1 I say first exide state first exide state means n=2 and when I say am second excited state mean energy = 3s So he is asking us about the radius of the third orbit. right, so let's see, its n = 3 I am asking about energy, sorry I am not asking about radius Now what would be the formula for its energy it would have been -13.6 * z² / n² yes in that square by n square electron If the atom is on the volt then what is the radius of the i third What will be the energy which will be 1/9 no and how much will you get for solving this -1.51 Option number A is correct it will be Tell me, there is no problem, then this energy This was a question of radius See the types of questions that can be asked Doing it yourself is again a question of energy We have already done it ourselves let's move on Let's see a question about whose speed A very simple question comes in this, straight forward State forward question a little higher and lower He won't ask me by turning around, it says speed is off electron in first orbit bur first If the speed in the orbit is x then Tell me the speed of electron in third orbit How much will I get if I don't give anything you should take hydrogen mother, right hydrogen I have given it here, now I will tell you the velocity Thi is directly proportional to all Remember the formula for n: 2.19 * 10^6 * c /n me per second yes so look here I am I can say that the velocity of it is This is inversely proportional to and tell me can you write it like this no in first orbit velocity v1 and third velocity in orbit v3 so this will become n 3 / n1 is inversely proportional right? What is their velocity in the first orbit? is velocity in x third we are asked Sir three and write this how much is 1 Sir v3 it will become one/3 yes yes say say ka can I correct option number B the story is over velocity is equal to you Velocity is the most important thing for you it happens if you don't know the formula If you don't know the formula then remember it bhaiya you will keep roaming around the question There is no need to solve the questions or the formula Street Forward is a straightforward formula Remember this won't be there in any question A simple story, such a small donation Ok, now you will see Push and when All of these Piyush all of these Piyush You have to do it yourself, see question short test wavelength of Hydrogen atom in lineman city sex Longest Velen Den Barmer Series From You I have asked you guys to write down the formula put r z² is 1 / n1² - 1 / n2² and In the Leaman series it is said that the shortest wavelength is Lambda is minimum, it means energy is maximum and energy maximum means Electron Infinity to Lemon Means First I am saying this, you have understood what I am saying No, I have told you about this concept. You have to solve the question by yourself Give and see there is another question of 2023 We just asked the question about radius it had to be dealt with, finish it off take it and then after that like this question This is also a radius question in 2022 It has arrived, I am giving it to you Piyush From which you will get the idea that yes friend you Are you solving the questions or not what are you doing, isn't it, this is the question This has been asked in 2021, solve this as well please say yes and one more question This question has also been asked of you people in 2020 There is some homework Piyush, I have told you guys I have given it to you, right? Let's take a look at another one Exactly similar, just a little scared I had done it before, I had told you This is the kind of question that this one is Come on, donate Rs. 19 also and then you can take it Take your homework there are lots of questions you guys please solve these and I can You guarantee that if you guys complete the session you have seen it well and if everything If you keep noticing then you will get an idea You will know what type of questions will be there in the exam Very easy questions are asked Brother, the structure of atom is very simple in itself. This is a scoring chapter, I tell you again and again I am going, yes let's go then this is ours Boards atomic model is now done after this We are going to talk about friend Bars Atomic Model What are those things that I couldn't explain it, right? what are you talking about limitations de limitations of pose atomic model so your There is some imitation written in front that first of all the thing that was the board atomic model was just and for single electron species only If the application was more than one electron If it happens then that atomic model will raise its hand that gives you your multi electron species for a molecule having more than one electron Any information regarding the species is correct If you can't explain it to me then this First up is imitation well two small things are happening son one Gym and effect is one fact about the star There is no explanation in the big There is no big explanation for this mila jivan effect kya hota hai jivan What does effect mean when your You can see the spectral line in the magnetic field. yes you pass it through a magnetic field Your Joe Spector line in the presence of It happens by splitting and Splitting of spectral lines in D Presence of magnetic field is known as Woman effect now these are your specter lines Is there any answer to why did they split? did not have it and there was a fact about the star What is the position of magnetic field in a star? electric field is electric Yours in the presence of the field, Joe Spector why do they split the lines Someone asked me what I was doing and he told me I don't know, this too will lead to floods ahead of it Another imitation done, well look at one more thing As which we have seen in the spectrum of hydrogen I had read that it was said that if the mother takes this is n2 and this is n1, right? let n2 = 2 am n1 = 1 let me take electron your n2 showing a transition from n1 to a yes and you are coming in n1 so We feel like it's not a specter line It is being made, tell me, you are feeling something like this a specter line is being made yes but This is what was seen when you used Hi Resolving What was seen through spectroscopy? With resolving spectroscopy you will One thing is clear that this specter line is not one there was rather more than one specter line that were very close to each other, so Why were there more than one spectral line When there is only one transition, there is a this factor line honey was needed naa n you Since you have come to this forest, then what is the use of the tree? According to it there will be only one but more than one was when we did Hi Resolving observed with spectroscopy but Burr didn't even have the expression This also became another imitation of it Duplicate like mother take two lines side by side If it is then it is called duplicate, three lines If they are close to each other then they are called triplets, yes like this and later on we will read The principal ovulates, right? The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle Its boratomic model was ripped to pieces so what was the Hazan bug uncertainty Principal, we will talk about this also in class today I am going to do it when we people If you read it then you will understand that Brother, there was something wrong with this and it was awesome it was a problem yes let's go then after this when bar The atomic model of the universe has failed, so now people have I thought that friend this means we should also try something and try something new If I fail in board exams, I will take it as my mother Thomson had failed and two Rutherfords came Rutherford had come again but now if If it fails then the scientists will keep working I will try to come up with something new And there was a brother from there, his name was Di Is Broglie a scientist? There he said one thing that friend like electromagnetic radiation dual nature show what does electromagnetic Radiation shows dual nature, by the way your The pea will also show dual nature There will be particle nature as well as its viv nature The Broccoli will also be the one to say this was the first person like if I Talking about electrons, he said that the Electron is a particle, it is an element is its mass and is its velocity, but as well as a wave with the electron associate who is his wow nature tell me Suddenly there was a sensational match and they asked what is this What is the meaning of the wave of electron But the first thing he said was He made any dish with any pea the wavelength with which the material article is It is associated, its formula has also been given that brother this is the formula but its There were some limitations as to who this was for It is applicable for whom it is not applicable We will talk but we need a statement You should know what de Broglie said De Broglie said that the pea which is He also has a dual nature, right? Like the dual of electromagnetic radiation Nature used to be a particle, well, then like that Your material particle will be Video nature will show the story according to me it's clear okay now that he has used the formula How did he derive formula drive for it This was a very easy formula for you guys do you know it is equal to mc² No, and you guys also read another formula will it be equal to k/lambda these two he equated the equation yes equal After doing this he got a result that The formula of Lambda will be Lambda equal tu ha/m*s hota hai maine v I have written it down, I have generalized it lambida is equal to you yes / we yes sir here But what is Lambda, this Lambda This is very valuable associated with Lamda Associated with There is a pea particle, which is your particle The Lamda associated with him was given to him It is also called de Broglie wavelength, right? Whenever someone asks you a question Tell me what will be the de Broglie wavelength then You have to buy this formula in less quantity. Yes I will tell you everything else, right? it happens yes it happens when the plans The whole world knows about constant value yes your m is mass here Make a mistake dog I know this is in mass It should have been yes and these are the viewers It is a luxury right? What is it now? It is a velocity. and where should this velocity be on me Seconds means same system same units You need to reduce the amount with clear formula Now you people will say, Sir, we read it like this In physics the momentum is called m * It happens I would say it definitely happens So sir its formula can be made like this also Lambda is equal to ha/ve and Lambda is it equal to you yes/pi i told you brother write this what is the problem, it is like this in the question If you are asked about momentum then this is the formula Put it and asked the relation between mass velocity If it is there then apply this formula, oh my Are you able to understand something, yes for sure Let's go ahead then, then good Look here, now you have just completed one formula You must have read 1/2 mv² of kinetic energy It happens brother, the whole world knows it friend, you can get the formula of mv² from here 2 * Kinetic energy I called it M made the hole square meaning from M As soon as I multiplied the whole equation I will multiply by M, I got it 2m kinetic energy yes so look from here Sir what is the value of M? I got it 2m kinetic energy so my brother lambda You wrote the formula a little earlier tha ha/m so did it write like this instead of b Maybe 2m kinetic energy I would say Brother, it could be written in it The problem is not yours, there is another formula You guys should remember this on your screen too If the question asks you Deeproli Wavelength in Also ask about the terms of kinetic energy Isn't the broccoli vibrant and kinetic Try to build a relationship in energy People can remember the formula directly A direct question has been asked on this ok now look at one more thing if your mother takes is there any charged particle how is it sir charged If there is a particle then tell me one thing my brother You have a formula for a charged particle Have you read that kinetic energy is equal to you? K*vee sir is this the velocity or not Munna if this is not velocity then what is it Tell Sir this is excel reading what is potential It is an accelerating potential, not a charge the particle was he you you him If the potential is accelerated then it will happen What will be its kinetic energy k*v ok so sir this means another formula We got it so Kinetic n Sorry did you get the lambda's exactly lambda is equal to you ha/p λ=h/m or lambda=ha/√2m Kinetic energy yes you can also write this and If you want you can also write root2mqv inside yes you see you have a great formula And this last formula that I wrote Isn't it true that a question has been asked in the mains on this topic? I directly asked this formula, he said one A particle with a charge of one has a V potential are you rating me tell me who is with vimala What is the formula of Lambda Associate? It must be true, brother, the one who has taken such notes well You have maintained the copy properly, haven't you? Now that she has grown up she will directly ask this question can do this directly by solving this He had to write the formula limitize = yes / √2m when Maybe you understand what I am saying Tell me is it clear, is there any problem here Now look mother, if I tell you remove the electron's electron's son so what will you do, you will write sir yes that We know the value, you know us We know the mass of the electron We also know the charge of the electron, so if this Give me everything and if we have any questions If I give you the accelerating potential then we People can easily extract the value Brother, all these things are constant, right? you are constant m It is constant why everything is constant constants are just variables what are they what do you do here all these consts find out their value write down their value give me two more if you solve it then munna I am giving you the direct formula, please remember it So I will create this formula inside the root also whose lambda is this electron Just remember, that velocity is here no, just keep in mind that velocity no or what is their potential sir Where is the formula from and in which value is this Where did Angstrom come from? The formula came from this, I put everything in it I did it sir, why should we remember this, we are like this We will solve this by adding value, son Will you solve this? It will take 5 minutes. Will you solve it using the formula in 30 seconds? the questions will be solved right and here But whose game is it, it's a game of speed brother If it is a game of speed then you should use such formula remember to read it directly ok So tell me the formula as well, okay let me tell you If you want to remove Lambda whose proton's proton's so that's it will Then I am like this, you are like this, There is a plus, it has to be taken out brother, yes you plus alpha particle so this will be it son 101 / If there is any problem then tell me There is no problem in this, only power The game is so simple that you will get these Valuj This memory is important, isn't it, if these words are I don't know then brother less mess Then you guys will solve these questions You will not be able to donate okay, here they are, whatever they are What is V in accelerating potential? ok well now if someone says sir new i How will the son come out for the neutron that Those on whom there is no charge and those on whom there is a charge Whatever fear you have at first, it doesn't happen to them The formulas were mentioned, none of them You can get the formula at a lower price like these ones There are three formulas, whichever you like You can get the formula of your choice at a lower price yes there is no such problem ok donation well look there is another formula gas Lambda taken in low doses for molecules lambda is equal to tu ha / √3m cut Isn't there a formula like this too? Here T is the temperature in Kelvin. I should be yes here which is the is constant 1.38 * 10 ^ -23 yes its value is I think you guys already know this Who is Lamda for? You can take out this Lamda yes it is for gas molecules right so if Mother, have you ever asked about gas molecules? If Lambida asks you about it then you will We can write lambda = ha/√3mkt So these are some formulas, son. These are direct formulas if you remember them Then you will be happy and whatever your speed is According to me it will increase or not no problem so far everything is good yes let's move ahead and then something about this we will ask questions come then do all the questions Do it, what is the matter, see it first The question is written on your screen that is a very good question what are you doing read see write question what is this d wavelength of an electron moving in that what's the matter velocity de di, velocity de Di this much me per second look you will get the idea should go to the electron and the electron is asking for the wavelength of the electron Till date only who has known the wavelength I told you to take it Lamda = yes/m is when yes then yes You guys give the value 6.62 * 10 you di Power-34 Mass of Electron in the Whole World knows 9.1*10 you d power mines 31 more Velocity 5.31*10 tu d power 6m per sec sir sub If you guys are putting something in C unit So where will I get Lambida also like this If you say so, I will meet you in me, hey, understand what I am saying I am coming, do you need to tell me yes food Dada, it is clear till here, yes it is possible you need some speed Sir it would seem that you are going very fast but brother There is revision and in revision one has to move fast it happens yes no should I say revision or Then if you want to complete the backlog then finish it You won't take 10 hours to do it I did not read the whole chapter properly The backlog gets cleared quickly No and for those who want to revise is the best and then practice the questions Sir you have become less, tell me yours is right, come again I ask questions, it seems you are particles of max mn2m have equal kinetic energy Tell me the fibres of their de Broglie wavelength The kinetic energy of the block is equal to I asked you friend, it's such a small thing, isn't it? The message is asking me about my relation between whom Between the energies Now thinking says equal kinetic energy, right? I mean the kinetic energy flew away like this Done lambda is inversely proportional to you Inside Root Hum yes i can write like this so see lambda one My Lambida, who will you be equal to inside equal to root m2 / m1 yes if I mother I am late, this one is m1 and this one is m2 so what will happen lambida one your lambida you will become this m2 how much is you and m1 how much is m so sir I have found this sir, you are inside the root that's absolutely correct what's the problem yes kinetic energy equals kinetic If the energy was equal, we calculated the mass directly. The ratio is calculated as Lambda1/Lambda you are equal to you inside root m2 / m1 and the question was finished properly, someone please tell me According to me you don't have any problem These are the kinds of questions they want, right? So you guys can finish it standing like this what does it say, have to write wavelength of electrons accelerated from rest through Tell me the potential difference of low Potential difference given in 10 you di Power Three tell me lambda tell me lambda in now I told you it is about lambda = electron is being Angstrom will come in the root v how it will come in and as soon as Angstrom comes in convert this into what convert this tell me what am I not able to finish How easy has this question become, it is so simple The question has been given here as well Look, you can write it like this: 4 * 10 ^ 4 If it is there then I will get it, I will get it sir andar root of 4*10 you are the power for sir ye So it has become very easy sir, look it is 12.27 If you do route 4 inside, you will get 2 more you will route it inside I think its about six The value is going to come, isn't it, this X that you have taken isn't it x*10 you are the power -2 look at this This is 10 you the power 2, if it goes up then it will be 10 you The Power-10 was already there, now it's mine So -12 and what does it mean when you solve this I will get six, I will get nerist 6.2 something Will you get it in the nearest waiting Six A Let me know how easy this question is He knew the formula which he could use in 30 seconds will settle the question yes good There will be a small formula for you here It is important to know that a relation is a The relation is 2pir n = n lambda yes you p run = n lambda if mother lo your electron if mother takes your electron If the orphan is moving in orbit then this relation It will come in less, yes this relation will come in less 2pir n = n lambda if mother lo first If it is revolving in an orbit then 2πr1 = lambda If it is moving in the second orbit then 2πr2 = 2πr in lambda third orbit So 2πr3 = 3 you can also write it like this You can also write the number of waves number like this of waves made in an electron made by N Electron Made By N Electron How many waves it will make is equal to N isn't it if mother takes it in first orbit If misled, even one will make it into second orbit If misled then even two will create third arbitration If I keep moving, I will make three also, sir how is this Went Did this happen to you then if in wow it will go from here to here it will be called a This is your view right from here to here How much is this distance it is lambida na ek vav means one I can do Lambida so you p run means when the electron is an orphan If it revolves in orbit then what is the total distance Sir, he will travel a distance of 2πr 2πr means this much distance, right? will travel in a rectangular orbit and if this If I am saying that the Lambda is equal to this means in this orbit I have to travel such a long distance while roaming around and this distance is lambda n What I mean by number of views is N number of views and lambda is one lambda means N number of views means N lambda y This is the formula, you can use it directly also You can remember it if you want Neither is this the same formula in this question It will come in less money, use your brain and solve it please do it I'll give you the rest of the homework. is it ok watch this homework 2016 B yes think for yourself if M's If the value is very high then your Lambda will be its value very low yes so if your microscopic particle and if I write it upside down it will be done when m is very low then Lambda will be very high when you have a microscopic particle If your particle is small then sir its mass will be less His lambda will be very special which Major The appreciable value of You will get it but if any mother takes it there there is a microscopic particle yes and Microscopic Particles These are microscopic particles right sir There will be too much meat and If it is too much then sir jo lambi da The value will be very small, so small it must be so insignificant that It is not possible to be majored yes or in significant value very small value You are going to get it, that is why I said it is said that this is your Di Broglie This is significant on the wavelength On Significant microscopic particles only yes that There are smaller particles like electrons Proton is done, neutron is done The gas molecule became the alpha particle It was done for them only, it was done for them only The species of Broglie wavelength is defined if There is some big particle, it's a cricket ball You are there, I am there and some other bigger particle for which there is no de Broglie wavelength there is no science, right, so you are like that many of the people who are in their minds I must have asked a question and said, Sir, I too If there are particles then someone is with us too I need associate honey if we are moving It does happen but very there is an insignificant value which we People don't consider, tell them it is clear I added the bromine, it's clear, this is five The formulas are this is the de Broglie wavelength Keep in mind that no question is wrong Gotta have your guarantee Let's move ahead Then after that another brother came, his name was Was They caused a huge uproar He said something very wonderful what did he say he said that if mother, if any particle is moving then it the position of the particle and its what am I saying is the velocity of the particle Position and its width 100% accuracy With 100% accuracy you guys can anytime major You can never do both things together cannot tell with 100% accuracy if a If you can tell me with accuracy then in the second Accuracy and accuracy are very high If you increase the accuracy it will go to the second one This thing will reduce in the first one, right? who said the Hazen class uncertainty principle said ok and here they got relation He also gave a relation that the position of the electron and its the momentum that is there in it, son It will be uncertain whether it is yes / equal to 4 P or Then who knows if this thing will be more than that? she said this quote This is the principal, in equation g Numericals will be made which you will have to solve. Will fall uncertainty uncertainty in which position Uncertain Position So there is uncertain multiplication between these two It will be equal to or greater than pi It will happen now if mother takes it and I drink it what should i talk about pi son m*v then delta pm * delta also happens There is no uncertainty if it goes in the mass It would be friend, the mass would be fixed so M* If you add delta here, then the formula is ready ds m*delta also give it greater equals tu ha / 4pi now look here Blocks * Delv this relation became ha/ Greater Dane Equals Tu Ha / 4 P M Yes Greater Dane Equals Tu Ha / 4 Pm Is Pe There are quite a few numericals which your guy I'll give you another one here again Will you make a mistake? Will you make a mistake by saying that mass is mass you will write it in grams because first In the chapter we get used to converting mass to grams I have to keep it in my house, son, it is not in the village It will come in which one it will come in which one write Please tell me how to write it in kilograms It is clearly understood that there is a problem No, it won't be, according to me it is very simple it's a very simple thing There are some different forms too, right? but that is no less than ours This is right here, this is how our numerical He is going to become something of this or someone else It is not less, look at it sometimes, there is also one like this A sign is made, son, what does it mean There is a support measure isn't it what does it mean yes/2 isn't it like that If you find the sign showing up on the story then no it is not okay if it is seen then think for yourself now See yes now think about it yourself When your question is answered, let us first talk about the science ok let's talk about the science Look, I have just written the relation Dialogue think for yourself if your microscopic understand from back there are particles if your what kind of particle is microscopic Flesh in the form of microscopic particles there will be too much and if there is too much meat If it happens then look at your uncertain position And uncertainty in velocity is very low It will happen that you will get these significant values But there if mother takes your particle it is small how is it it is small If I talk about microscopic particles If I do that, its mass will be much less than its measurement the uncertainty that will occur in the position and There will be a lot of high velocity which you can People can measure a significant value You will get a significant value no yes Like if someone says sir mother please take a trip I am on some lesson, so my position is there And my velocity didn't tell me anything at the same time What is Ja Shakti? Exactly what is Ja Shakti isn't it so because we are microscopic The particles are our position Uncertainty our mass is very high The value of deluxe and delta way will come it will cost a lot but if you talk about electron electronic lesson But you are roaming around in Electronic Mau Each particle is microscopic the particle that is moving, when it moves if it is there then its position and its velocity You cannot tell with 100% accuracy So the first thing is this also you guys Likh Dog's Significant But Significant But we only understand microscopic particles I mentioned something significant Microscopic Particles Only Tell me [music] You said brother the position of the electron here and this direction is 5 m per second I am moving, only then can you tell where will he go after 5 seconds Then you will say sir the position of the electron here it is and she's this one from 10m per second If it is moving in which direction then you tell me that after 10 seconds or 5 seconds he where will the electron go yes understand what I am saying What am I doing here, when can I tell you this? The lesson of electron can be told only then when you find the position of the electron He has to calculate both the velocities of the electrons by 100%. At a particular time with accuracy know and Heisenberg did not know can you guess when you can't find out How did you tell me one thing that is yours There was a board on nails, he told me every detail The electrons were given around the nucleus It will move around in the lesson and also gave energy to the lesson the first second third fourth energy level I don't know what all this old and slow stuff is He gave it and it was absolutely of the Hazan class This person has dashed my hopes, said bhaiya I can't tell you anything when you don't want to tell me anything If possible, the orbit will not be fixed like this We can't tell if the orbit is right here will rotate and if it is not so then the one who There was no way of calculating radius etc. It is not less, isn't it? This was the thing which was Hazan bug Whose statement was contradictory to this? It is an atomic model right, because Bur wore this saree I had not considered things, right? The same thing spilled forth from him The reason for failure is created in the big We are going to talk in a little fear right now okay let me come and ask some questions later look at this what is the question What type of questions can be asked on this It is a very simple type and very similar hi simple question see what is he doing I need to find out the uncertainty in velocity brother I want to find the value of delta way ok Sir and he says if it is uncertain Tell me how many orders the position is formula you know dialogue Who are you talking about? Are you talking about electrons? If the mass is 9.1 * 10 then you give the power -31K Write it down, everything else is with you is deluxe you have to solve and dalvi You have to find the value of tell me what will you find out I heard brother you are very good at calculations Myro Jokes Let's move on to another question Next question: What does the microscope say? Using suitable photos it employs tu locket and electron in atom with distance of one The distance of the electron is where and what One can find electrons in the distance Electron Mill in Angstrom Distance could it mean that in his position What will be the maximum uncertainty There is power, there is one extra, there is power brother An electron is a particul It is available in a particular space but this I don't know where I can find the fix, so Uncertainty how much power is there 1 Angstrom maximum is this much power This means how much is 10 to the power mines 10m and what are they asking us now So now the question is over I have also asked Delta, oh this is from here It is a question not just about language Change is greater than you are / 4 P will be done, please solve this blocks you know yes you know four you know p you know it will end Question say yes let's move forward Let's move ahead, the next question is what the microscope is there is a question from So brother, if the sim is the question then it is done what to do I see the question and I see the question and your screen written on isn't it, this Banna has come to the village, in which Convert it or else it will go wrong There 10 to the power of -3 becomes 4* 10 You the Power -2 ok Dada and says What is its velocity at 45 m It is a second, a lot of people write it It's not delta, it's velocity, it's delta what is uncertain velocity She has not given it to us yet, see what happens next says if d speed can be measured with in accuracy of 2% If the accuracy is that of any electron that the velocity of the golf ball is what you If you can measure within 2% accuracy then Obviously its velocity is maximum How much uncertainty is there, 2% of 45 Tell me how much it is I understand what a lot of people here what will you do gentlemen here He said sir it is uncertain, she has given accuracy It is 2% sir, uncertainty will become 98% brother 98 If you write it, the question will be wrong Right, I just gave you an example You can determine the position of the electron within 1 km. You can locket it by thinking and looking at electron probability of getting an electron Probability late in the area of ​​100m if yes then maximum in its measurement How much uncertainty there will be, it will happen If you don't get it outside 100 then What is the maximum certainty in measurement The maximum accuracy of 100 yes has been 2% you can find its velocity only 2% If you can do it with maximum accuracy then Uncertainty, you will be inside me only So it will not happen, so this 2% uncertainty I have given it to him, son, take care of him, otherwise The question will get messed up if you do it wrong, dog now These were the three types of questions that you would have asked if you If you have solved these then you can solve the remaining questions you can finish it very easily, it is form k It is your homework, right? yes you should do it after drinking it And this is also your homework, do it, right? Let us talk about whose reason failure of Why did the atomic model fail? This is why failed because I have to speak de Broglie that the electron is of dual nature Yes Burr said electron particle nature The idea behind this is what you say, it was the electron that the dual nature was not considered When you will not consider dual nature yes she was lying there we told her bar which bar Which things cannot be explained You know, I had written those things. Fact Star's facts and duple plates because they do not consider wow nature does not let only the particle If he does it then the mess is right there yes so first thing this second second now Hazan Burgundy Principal this one did it well The sound of the flying arrows flew and the arrows spoke is revolving around one thing, his name will revolve and The beat is the energy level and by the time a lesson is over it will rotate in the range its energy will not change Neel said no such thing is possible So you are fooling the world isn't it? yes it was not like Neel bar who said neel That was the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle There is also a contradiction to I have given my proof, I have given everything it has been proved When I said something, the poor guy was made fun of and this Einstein was there, what about all the people is talking why can't When all this was done, a new model was made. Create a new model and name it model Is this a quantum mechanical model? That model is quantum mechanical, that model is which considers the dual nature of the electron it does not the electron which is He will keep your wow nature as well Particle nature will also keep this model of this thing The model which was based on Pay Bhej dual nature date is a quantum mechanical model where But consider the electron as a 3D wave wasn't it done where some of his some of it's energy will be some of it's velocity along with some of its coordinates will also be in a three dimensional space Isn't it and who gave it to you And you can guess how big it was from this You can guess that he gave an equation for this it was what is called in the vav equation And It is called the sorry equation and the one that you the complete quantum mechanical model it was 20 on whom is this equation okay and him For the equation [music] If it comes, then you can understand how big it is The question was how big was that thing that getting the Nobel Prize for Which one was that? Let's see for once d² Apne X Square wow the equation is correct right where it is The electron was considered a theoretical vav and xs were its coordinates what were they son what were the coordinates No there is M mass here, I told you everything This is what I have come to, son, this is the total energy The total energy was yes and this is what they have written No, a lot of people still talk about velocity. no this is what it is son this is your Potential Energy what are they here what are they A new thing has come in it whose name is Sai What is Sai called? He said his function what is it called they call function goes this was the question think how to derive We have no idea what happened What we have to do is something that is beyond our scope It's okay, we won't see that here anymore. But this equation needs a small question You can also break it into HCF size = These two things are one thing, right? These two things There is only one, many people will say sir it is right give me this sign cat hey you are such a fool This will not happen, this is HCF what is this it is an operator right it is an operator Which is the Meltronian operator, what is it I told you son Hamiltonian tonality operator Yes is the Hamiltonian operator and this is the correct one It will not cancel out properly This equation is clear, you should keep it in mind If it keeps then here a task came whose name is The significance of Sai right on your screen Look, if I ask you what is it Do you guys have any physical significance? You will say that it is not physical, right? There is no significance of this size which is a wave This is a function related to electrons which All the information is there, it is given to you will be available in view function of electron Ok It has its own physical significance it's called probability density yes this look like what happens and Heisenberg said that brother electron Can't you tell me what the fixed position is no you can't tell the fixed position but what can you do, tell me the probability Is it possible, my friend, to get electrons? The probability is high here isn't it and that space inside the atom is that place Where the probability of finding an electron This place has been named as the most and vital yes Isn't it maximum possibility? off finding and electron This is a region around the nucleus where there is a chance of finding electrons The probability is maximum, it is called If you are the proprietor then what have you done like mother take this is the nucleus of this At a certain distance from the nucleus, if You can calculate the value of sine square you take it means you have taken it from this nucleus This certain distance is x distance Define the probability of getting an electron determines the probability of getting an electron what is a certain distance who is that It defines Neither item has any electrons inside it Indicates the probability of meeting Probability of getting an electron This region is called maximum Orbital It is clear, did you understand it? Tell me Now here comes the important thing Son, these are quantum numbers, right? Brother, the number is very important, quantum number It is quite important Sir you will ask what is quantum number First of all tell me this, so look friend Quantum numbers are a set of numbers How many digits is the tax number and electrons Every information related to those car numbers You can tell by the help, it is said can you tell the address of the electron No, some people have to write their address You guys can also tell me about electrons. In which cell is no electron present in which sub cell of the cell in that style present and which orbitals of sub cells I am present, how much energy does he have Where do you get all the information? We can know the power of quantum number with the help of is it okay what are the quantum numbers C is one of the first names you have heard The principal quantum number is represented by n There are such sweet quantum numbers which are represented by the letter L. yes the magnetic quantum number is denoted by m and the fourth spin quantum number is shown It is also written as S or s in many places But the thing is the same is it ok Tell me is this tax quantum clear there are numbers, out of these this one which where are the quantum numbers above the three Solving the de Broglie equation came from Why do I keep getting discouraged by doing this, friend? I am telling you brother from where do you get this Valuj This wave is obtained by solving the equation And this beta spin is spin quantum The number is defined separately These three are right which God has given to us This is what he calls the Shuddinger wave equation found in solution Alright, let's go through each quantum number one by one First of all, let us look at the big picture Brother, let's talk about Principal Quantum What does this number tell us about the principal quantum? The number tells us the number of electrons in the cell which cell is he in when I say The value of the principal quantum number is One for the electron, it means In the electron first cell when I say The value of the principal quantum number is you mean electron second style It is a very simple thing, it is on sale Who tells us which electron is bigger than the other? Which quantum is present in the cell The number represents the principal quantum number off electrons also have power to tell why we People had read that the energy which is You have to risk your life by staying away from the nucleus So if you know that the electron Which quantum number is the principal quantum? You will know which number it is Which cell contains the electrons and which cell contains them If yes then according to that you can get the idea of ​​energy You can use whatever energy you have It is directly proportional to whom what is the principal quantum number and by the way Well if I talk about the size of the sale then Whatever the size, son, that too directly It is proportional to the special brother Look at the size of the first sale, look here Nucleus is the first cell and then the second Sale and bigger third style and bigger sale and The fifth cell is bigger, right? As you move away from the nucleus Your sales will keep increasing Its size will keep on increasing neither you guys are even in big size of sale you can get an idea There is a formula written in front of you in childhood You guys had to study maximum in one cell How many electrons can there be in n2n² electrons can be there and where these n is what is n son principal quantum Mother, here is your number, it is N1, it is first sale Then how many maximum electrons does it have? you can give two a can like your mother take pass n's value is tu is second style then The maximum number of electrons it can hold is eight A can have the value of n be three then Maximum number of A can be there 18 A can be there You guys can solve this thing by yourself yes tell me yes no problem now its a style one in vital and one in maximum in cell There is also a formula for how many there can be, N Square where is the principal quantum number yes like mother lo ann's value is one What is the maximum number of orbitals in the first cell? if there is then you people will say sir only one will be fine If mother takes the value of you The maximum value of n will become three if yes then maximum will be achieved according to this Your story will continue I was the principal quantum number which tells you in which cell the electrons are This is the present, let's go ahead and talk Azimuthal quantum number is also called angular orbital number. It is also called the momentum quantum number or Then it is called subsidiary quantum number. It goes in the big sale but doesn't tell electrons in the larger subshell in which subshell is it presented okay and Its value, son, is zero. mines are one, right zero you are n mines The value of L is always one, it is always the principal cannot be exactly equal to the quantum number can never be equal so take it like a mother Like mother lo ann's value is one, right? If it is first sale then the price for first sale The value will be same which is zero or not what is the value zero you n minus one l jo Son, where is he from? Zero you are mine one then the value of l is zero the value of l it is called zero What is it called when the value of L is zero Assumption is correct if the value of mother lo l is one You will get alpha value on this story too it is one, which means it lasts for days Principal Azimuthal Quantum You are the value of the number, its meaning is given will represent subshell and if mother takes Your azimuthal quantum number is beta three So sir that F will represent Sushil Okay, so this lets you know about all the cells. Is it all right, son, who knows everything You can also tell me about the sale shops which It is essential, it is spherical, yes How is it son, it is spherical which p it happens to be a dumbbell What does a dumbbell look like and what does it look like it is a double dumbbell yes it is double are you understanding what I am saying yes yes yes I will have to tell you, is there any problem This saree is a very simple thing take it like your mother take it like your mother write it like this I have given value of N as one first sale Zero means it will have only one subshell Which is that option but when someone says that second cell then the value of l in second cell Two is the power, zero is yours and N is one If zero and one are two then there is power of this, right? I mean who did you tell this to, who did you tell this to Told 2p to be zero, that is S subshell One tells P the subshell and P which cell is the subshell of second cell then I wrote it down 2p by the way if I talk If n = 3 then son l has three values Zero one and all can be another value you can do that if the value of l is zero means told S Subshell which S Subshell The third style of sale is 3s P Subashel was told which cell's piece What does this three cell's L = 2 refer to? Which other cell has three subshells? You are understanding my point from here, one more Another good thing to understand from here A good thing to understand is that the first sale In Deepthi sub cell there is no second cell I don't have the subs YSP starts from subshell area The subspection begins with the third style Is So this is very important ajmat khan number It is written that if your mother does this then remember her You can have maximum number of electrons Sinus subshell Maximum density in a subshell How many electrons can that formula have it is written like mother lo s subshell hai s It is a subshell, son, if there is an S in it, it means subshell L = 0 and in this if you ask for electron then Putting the value of L as zero is the maximum Only two electrons can make an electron hey mother you can drink it all if it is on sale then drink it all What is the value of L for sale Beta One and if you put one in it, you get six I will get electrons if I take D It's subshell son and di subshell is in the cell If you enter the value you will get 10 electrons Maximum and F are sub cells, if you take where is the place for luck equal to three if you put How many will we get? We will get 14 electrons. na so dies are maximum number of Where electrons could be present This can be presented in a subshell Previously we studied the formula 2n² that The formula was how many maximum in one cell The electrons can be A small formula to keep in mind which is the orbital angular momentum The electron inside the root is l + 1 yes / 2 Ok There is a straight forward formula, which is here that is it no which one is it son is the matter clear You will have to say yes yes yes yes tell me What does the magnetic quantum number represent? The magnetic quantum number tells us that a How many orbitals are present in the subshell How many more vitals are present and this They split the spectral lines caste is in the presence of magnetic The field could not explain it much then this quantum number would explain it You have power, right? You can say it like this as well. How many electrons are there in a subshell Also tell me how many orbitals are present you can do it like this also How many orientations are possible for an electron? That's it, right? And the value of this Look at the value it has I understand you, what its value is The value of m is the value of m Son, the value of M is different from -L Lake plus sale is included, right? Zero yes including zero and as many as M's The value is equal to the number of orbitals are present as much as the value of m Son, it is the same number of orbitals it is ok to present So like mother, let me take an example first I am late, the value of 'L' was zero, wasn't it? The value was zero means s was a subshell and if The value of L is zero, neither is the value of M nor that of A Which value will it be zero? Yes -l2+l So the value of A of M is zero, this means There will be only one orbital present in it. There is only one more vital present in the subshell which you know as s orbital yes okay try to relate this to this it's a good thing like mother if I write it down If l = 1 then p will be a subshell and p If Sushle is there then three values ​​of M are possible for him is -10 and plus one minus l2 + l right minus one to plus one including zero its means there are three values ​​of M so it means How many orbitals will come in this three Orbitals will arrive yes these are the three orbitals which you call one You call one PC, PA and the other one goes pj no problem according to me yes yes If you have written the value of mother lol then its This means Sir the subshell and the subcell So what will be the value of M to him - 2 - 1 0 + 1 + 2 sir five valuj is possible five By value it means how many and vitals There will be 5 orbitals in it sir. Did you guys understand the point? Yes, there are five in the subshell. There are orbitals, their representation is is ds by the asd zx dx²y² and this is square right this is the representation did you understand my point Tell me the value of yes and l if l is three The value is three means F is the sub cell, type F sushal it means m ki -3 -2 -1 0 + 1 + 2 + 3 with value it is possible with value it is possible that means sir 7 Orbitals will be your present tell me will it be The thing is correct How many orbitals will be present 7 If orbitals are present then in subshell Can you guess how many orbitals there are? which magnetic point can we use by number Tell Your husband comes last quantum number and this is the spin quantum number if it is greater than the speed of the electron tells me doesn't it say that the one who the electrons are around the nucleus It rotates simultaneously on your screen rotates like the earth revolves around the sun it rotates in the same way and also on your screen the electrons are around the nucleus It will rotate on both sides and on your screen as well It will rotate, so the spin that it has You can define yourself in two ways, brother on the screen in either a clockwise direction It can rotate clockwise or anticlockwise Can rotate in two directions, two possibilities so the spin of this electron is that it is defined as either plus half or then the minus is half right this way the electron The speed has been defined sometimes like this Let's show you this spin up as well Spin Dr. You can write these two spins plus You sir for this it will be plus half of mines off Whatever happens the power will be plus half for this you are anything you have the power if you If you are calling it plus soft then this is mine it's half if you're calling it mine half then this There is no such rule that it is plus half anticlockwise the mines will be or Such a role would be a plus for Clockwise no it's okay keep in mind that two the donation got spun good one thing and attention put me in what sir which would be an orbital There is another vital in Sir Maximum Maximum Only two electrons can be transferred to another metal A maximum of two electrons can be present in What will be the spin of both the electrons Opposite will be with opposite spin what will happen with opposite spin to this saree The thing that we talked about was that There is one more small thing in quantum numbers No, let's not write this, we will write further maximum two electrons and both of them spin opposite yes maximum two electrons and both of them will have opposite spin, okay No So like we just said that s is it an orbital yes is it a subshell sorry in s subshell bhaiya one in s subshell it is only one and vital in this subshell Orbital is one and Battle is maximum Only two electrons can be present because of this There are two electrons in the s subshell We wrote that the piece of sale would have been There are three orbitals in a cell How many are there if there are three orbitals This means it has a total of six electrons. can have one orbital maximum two a can if thereis There are five more vitals in another battle Two electrons are five and in Vital there are 10 Electrons, tell me did you understand what I said? you guys Yes, did you guys understand what I said? If you have to, you will have to answer yes or no Tell me, do you understand what I am saying has she gone yes yes yes ok so this whole story is related to each other This is how it is related to I One question says the maximum for 2023 number of electrons which are accommodated can you sell whose m4 is brother you n square root of n value 4 get answer This is the question of jaega 2023 Now tell me what to say How many subspecialties will there be where Let the value of n be four and then the value of n Sorry yes the value of N is four which means four sale Done, the value of n means force hello This is equal to four and m = -2. How many Subshells will be like this, aren't they the biggest of all cells? Who tells me in the big of the subshells Who tells which is the biggest in the subshell? The quantum number tells us the value of a subshell in large tells the azimuthal quantum number yes new sir it is not magnetic sir it is azimuthal So we have to tell that brother when n = 4 and m = -2 then how many such sub shells How many such subshells will be presented You will be present, right? Then for once this try to solve the question Isn't it So look, the simple question is N = 4 Son, from here I can say that Bhai L's value is zero, one, you and three. There is power, tell me this is what can happen now Think for yourself when Alka value becomes zero If the value of l is zero then m will also be zero So we needed a subshell whose M-2 yes it is not here now think about it If the value is one then m will be -1 0 + 1 here Also I cannot find any such shape whose M = -2 is it right L = 3 so sir sorry you are of M value -2 -1 0 + 1 and +2 sir we got it Here one is for all and L = if three then m will be -3 -2 -1 0 + 1 + 2 and +3 Sir there is one with M-2 here also so like this How many subshells do we have where I have said it equally to you and you are my sir hi is subshell it means option number b The simple state forward question is correct that we solved was another Let's see the question, right? d Number of Orbitals Associated With How many such quantum numbers are there With quantum number n = 5 and s = In this you will see in big letters Number of Orbitals I want to tell you, okay, look It should not be number of orbitals According to me the number of electrons should be I want someone to tell whatever happens yes it tells about the electrons whom does it tell? tells the electrons so that means if orbitals are asking So he is asking me that in n = 5 How many orbits are there in total? Apply the n² formula Answer: Square of n square five is 25 will I am understanding it, no problem, let's go Then now whatever questions you have, son, let's solve these Let's take another look at this question what are you doing on the question a di electron orbital angular momentum What is the value? Question asked in 1997 and the vital angular momentum I told you The formula was told inside root l * l + 1 * ha/2p and if son has d electron So what is the length of this electron? You are there, just put it in it and it's over will become 2 * 3√6 Correct Is This is a very simple question, this way Now who are we going to talk about here? People will talk about a plot or a graph Between whom is the graph Sai and RK between which is called the radial way function The graph behind Sai and R is very simple There are C graphs, these are yours, right? You will find it in NCERT like mother lo graph of sine and r yes i told you Diya, I have made one of these for Vansh, right? There is logic too, now I will tell you how The graphs with are correct and the graph of R is I gave you 2s for that, tell me ok The graph of sine and r is the graph of sine and r I gave you the graph for 2p did you make it or did you make it for 3s right mom take it Asked for 3s from Dan and Sai and R Take the graph of 2p, if someone asks you sir Tell me the sign and r of the graph of three p tell me if its ok then look at these graphs There is a trick to do this, isn't it? What is the first thing that the graph of S It will happen, right? Always keep this in mind The graph will always start from the top like this The graph of S will always start from the top ok isn't it good and if we talk about 2s Started from top, once went down plus Look at the minuses, this is the graph of 1s only The graph of 2s will remain in plus, it is plus minus no then 3s came start from top plus mines plus take back plus which plus mines Plus 4s if I asked it would go back down go Sir, what is this logic, you will know it soon Always keep in mind the logic of 2p here which is the graph of p always starting from here will start in plus start plus minus in plus and minus if mother would have been 4p if 4p would have been 4p then what do you do in that plus minus plus here you go Plus minus plus this way it becomes 4p So always keep in mind that the graph of S is it happens the pick starts from the top if You can start from the original Now one thing There is one small thing here that you need to understand You will need one more small thing here You will have to understand and that is what is note yes son note what do you have to understand note note What are notes, there is such a region Na load is such a region of nucleus what happens all around where Probability of finding electron zero There is a good probability of finding Who describes these electrons? So if the probability of funding and The value of electron is zero, which means It is zero, tell me can I use such a note which It happens son there are two kinds, one is is the radial node yes this happens Nodal plane or nodal surface ok na Dan it was also called angular note Now here the formula for radial load is It happens in this also if you find out means there is a nucleus around which It is a circular ring, isn't it, like a circle where The probability of getting an electron is zero That would be the radial node, this is the second one model plane or angular note this What is this, it is a note which passes through the nucleus passes through the nucleus is close and in which the electrons are received has probability zero yes which passes through the nucleus and has The probability of getting an electron is zero that is the nodal surface nodal plane okay nodal plane you can call it i The formula for finding a good radial node is ISP Questions can be asked in numbers of radial node is equal to n - l - 1 Ok The formula is just will go hello As I tell you listen I gave it to you, here it is yours it happens i told you i told you 2s 2s How many radial nodes will there be in N you said - L-1 is N and you 2-L is zero, right? For this L is zero, it means its has one radial node and how many angular nodes there will be zero for this it means for 2s How many notes do you have, son? Only one Only one note is present and which note is that That is radium mode clear so in this way you People can do all these calculations like Mother take 1s ask you once in radial node How much is it then you people will say it is N-L-1 no there is no note in it no note This means that it is never square in size The value of will never be zero, yes for this The value of size squared is also not zero If it happens then mother I will take a graph from you bawa done I asked you to make a graph of this yes for once no for once there is no note if there is no note in the This means the value of size squared is always Yes the value of c² will never be zero It will not be zero, the graph will start from the top This is how the square size will always end You must tell me if it is positive no because it is square and square Donation is always positive, who is it for son once upon a time now mother take this kind of thing I gave you another graph and told you the size plot the graph of square and r for 2s then You said that there is a note for 2s and that too Which is radial so what do you have to do I have to start from the top in a radium Meaning once the graph will be zero plus plus Because the size is square then both the values It will go in positive, right, and this one which This is the position, look, this is the place, this one The size square at the place is zero, this means what is this your mood i understand a went perhaps yes clear has three orbitals means the probability of getting an electron Present only on the X axis isn't it, if mom takes this axis it is a Axis I called it A axis so p means gain of electron Probability only on A axis is present and when I say PJ PJ If this is the s axis, it means the electron The probability of meeting is only and only Axis present is this is yours It is present, isn't it? It is not a double number. Sorry it is double shop p sub sale hey son how is that a dumbbell shop What is a dumbbell shop like? That's my point. did you understand it ok now see if it Talk about notes, isn't it? If you do this, then your nodal plane is this one catching a plane just think of this as a plane This plane is like this, this plane This plane is passing from where This is a PC, right son? This one, no, this one which is the plane that is passing through the nucleus and in which there is a possibility of getting electrons What is the probability that it is zero, then this one what can i say to the plane that sir this Is what is this angular mode this is your node The plane is fine and which plane is this If this is a bigger plane than PC then which plane is X a plane So for this the nodal plane will be of PC for which it will always be the axial plane Will it be okay if I tell you to drink? See which will be the nodal plane for this which plane is this which plane is this X and this S then this will be the circuits plane isn't it and sir here is this plane right who is passing from here or from here this plane is passing yes this one plane which son x a place which plane is this x a It's a plane, oh sorry sorry I turned it upside down this is axis brother right so if this one is a If it is axis then which plane is this if this one is the x axis then this one plane is plane na beta x5 plane How did this happen? Which plane is this? Which plane is this, look at this A axis and rear ZX so this would be If it is an as play then if you want it then pay attention to it I can keep it in mind that if you have a PC then this remove plane x if p then remove a x is plane and if pj is there then remove s If it is an axial plane then these are nodal plans which are x x in x p a p s Now this is 2px, 3px doesn't make any sense Because the formula for nodal plane is That is l normal planes are l and If the normal plane is L then it is 2px and 2py Whether it is 3px or 3 p a or 2px or 3px The number for all these will always be one How long will off nodal plans last forever? 15 It is a relief, you should keep this in mind is it ok For example, mother, your graph is about 2p would have done it are the radial nodes in the cap in son 2p What would be the formula for radial node is n - l - 1 sir n is you l is one of it means it has no radial nodes and How much is the angular note? What is the angular note? It has an Angular node where It is very important to tell me quickly sir where is angular node It is made on the nucleus, so watch it It will be made here yes it will start from here if You yellow is the only normal mode and here it is Is This means this is a model plane because no The plane passes through the nucleus I made a graph for 3p sign Square and R's Draw the graph for 3p So it is very easy, what you have to do is go back You will see the note and say sir in three P Angular node is a Isn't it so or is it a normal plane and that's less It will be formed in the nucleus, okay sir, near it How many N-L-1 radial nodes are there? There is also a radial node nearby This means how many total nodes it has Son, total notes became two, one radial and one The second model plane made sense to me if it has two planes if it has two if he has two notes then one is here If it is made then it means another one will be made right now It is made just like this, twice You have to touch zero twice, it will be C twice square zero will be once here it is once Here it is, but which note is this? Radial node Which note is this nodal plane then understand the point Hey, this is how you guys make the graph can you sign square and ar ok who should i make this for Mom, I am ready to do something for you So, the total notes that will come in 4p, son How many notes will there be in total? three but two of them will be radial nodes And the other nodal plane will be the one The nodal plane is always divided into three It will be zero three times, right? It will be zero three times. G once twice and thrice radial node It is zero In clear understanding, in this way, in this way you People can make graphs for this you can go and see if I talk about Who should we talk about regarding his deception? There is double dumbbell, right? Look at the double double in this and how many orbitals are there five and Vitals are DS A D A S D ZX what is the difference between dx²y² and di square sir It is very easy in all this, just take a look at the shop na shop look at a little yes if x axis is a axis means in dc The probability of getting an electron is x and It would be in the middle of the A axis, right, if the mother Here's the A axis and here's the Z axis So, whatever device you have, it will The probability of getting an electron is a and c access will be between okay so you and if Mom, this one is Axis, this one is ZX So if I talk about ZX then The probability of getting an electron is s and will be in the middle of the x axis if dx²y² will be discussed, this is the x axis This is the A axis and if the electron meets The probability of getting an electron If the probability is on the x and a axis then This will be called dx²y², similarly mother this is the access point and there is a possibility of getting electrons Probability is only on s axis but pay attention pay attention here electron density around the nucleus It is also presented on the other side, like this it is desert² to the s square anytime dumbbell shop You people can see that double shops are not to be kept There is a dumbbell but it is not a double double sir It has a membrane surrounding the nucleus The possibility of getting electrons will be doubled Dumbbell Shop Accept Mother, if I talk about Di X A Son, the nodal planes in DC will be Who will be the two nodal officers? Tell me which two nodal plans will be there There will be plans, look this is DC so take a note So here is which plane is this? This is X-S here is a plane and here is a note here is a node Which plane is this? This is a wise plane. I don't know how to remember this DC right, if it goes back then which are its two notes there will be kats and the second one is ok right look at this as you can remember it deejay If I talk about it then who went back? The ex went back. Neither your organs nor your nodal pain Which will be the XA and QTS XA and the accent is okay right and here is the ds If we talk about it then another back went and the same is its means x a and This way you can find people here But and remember that the square is it does not have any nodal plane, the A square has no nodal planes Why doesn't this happen brother because there is no such You cannot even pass the plane through the nucleus electron density in which you can name See if mom takes this plane So the electron density in this is increasing Because of this circular ring you will get You will not find any such plane in which If the electron density is zero then There is no nodal plane in it There is a special type of plane, right? Who presents doubt and what is it present happens to n this happens look like this like this Who will be the one above and who will be the one below Damru The one who will tell you what kind of Damru you saw There is a damru of Shivaji, two of its kind one above one below it becomes Nobel ok no what happens in this son who is noble Okay, isn't there any nodal plane present in this? it doesn't happen okay Dan tell this to you guys We have to keep in mind that which is right then this is us People have talked about whose shop etc. that these are your orbitals What kind of shop does an orbital have? If you guys want to ask questions, it is based on this You can ask questions if you want One or two questions for practice like Look, you are asking such questions directly right tell me how many radial nodes are there in this What is the ratio of the total number of notes Tell me, I have told you the formula, right? tell me radial and angle mode in four How many such questions are there in Di and Vital which are asked directly in the exam Let's see this no angular mode in 2021 and you are not a radial node angular load If there is a radial node then the questions are very easy You just have to know the formula Needed If you know the formula then you can solve the questions easily you guys will be able to solve it ok look at one more, like all these ones All the questions are like this, son. questions like this are questions like this you guys can solve it very easily Look at this, ask for the graph of size square and R Well, we can do this very easily in 2019. I am a little scared now, I told you earlier I gave you one more thing, look at that Another graph back Another graph goes back between 4pi R Square Sign Square This graph backs between sine square and r This type of graph may also be asked from you are 1s 2s 3s 3p 2p for any like this There is also a method to solve the questions of there is a way how can we How do we have to solve the graph I will tell you that you have to make it too hmm look if I talk about vansh then this every graph of the kind that every graph would be It will be of the size 4πr2, right? The graph will start from here, son. Where will it start? It starts from here. There will be donation yes the graph will start from here why because what is the value of r at this point will be zero the value of r is zero it means This graph will always start from here. Look, 1s has no radial nodes. If there are no radial nodes then this graph will never touch zero, it will end and look and look and look like mother lo I If I talk about 2s, this is the graph of 2s Son, this graph starts from here only and 2s has a radial node a If there is a radial node then the graph is a will you touch it, right? Touch it once and This is the size of the note which is always there in it she will keep increasing, what will she do It will do this because here size is square A The graph size of the square is The effect that will be caused by the square It will be more like if my mother tells me should I do 2p Like mother, who should I talk about, yes 2p 2p so son in 2p on this only this one In the Grass In the graph of 4πr2r you will get only What to check, want to see radial note The graph has to start here because Here there was an angle and a banna, it has been made If I talk about 2p then son in this How many radial nodes were there according to me? Zero If the radial node is zero then the graph it starts here and ends here will go back to zero it will not be ok he is naive if his mother was 3p In this you have to see only radial node If I talk about 3p, it has a radial is a node then the graph will start from here and touch it once plus plus like this You can solve this question also Yes, I don't think you have any problem with that I don't want honey, tell me if you have any problem yes yes so this is the base question in this Look what is happening to us in this Asking graph for electrons is six With whom? 4pir²dr has no and vans graph with r We had already made the graph of Vansh There are no radial nodes within the vein There is no radial load, this means If the value will never be zero again If you ask this trick then you will get big questions 2016 G Advance can be solved easily what is the question within seconds you solved the question yes always keep this in mind the graph will start from here because this The value of r is zero at the point where r is If the value is zero then the entire term will be zero and then the number of radial nodes after that make me touch this graph as many times as you want Retail mode is the formula of riddle note to you so i told you there's a radial node in this one Bar touch would happen if mother had two radial nodes If there are three radial loads, it is touched twice It used to get touched three times, right, so in such a case This graph is good for you guys too You can easily design and make it ok very good so now after this now after this if we Let's talk about the energy of atomic orbitals Isn't it the energy of atomic orbitals? The energy of atomic orbital will be the most important First hydrogen and hydrogen like species Hydrogen like species means single Electronics Persis is not single For electron species you guys For single electron species you have What is the plan What do I have to tell? Order of energy has to be told. So always keep in mind that the energy is Only energy and vitality It depends on whom it will depend on the value of n principal quantum number only and only only and only and depends on will do it like if i talk to you in once or 2s Energy of 2s will be more because its n more if I talk in 2s and 2p So it will happen with the energy of both because both for n is from then if i 3s 3p 3d in I will talk about all three of them with energy for them too. it will happen but when will it happen when only and only How many electrons does it have in a single electron species Ok Sir, if there is more than one electron then If it becomes multi-electron then this is our work then after that the energy value is Son depends on the value of both N and L will do It will depend on the value of both, right? And it will depend on the value of both. Here comes a rule which is called N + L rule or else big rule first of all this The rule says that for g orbital n + l The value of will be higher son, its energy it will be more ok take it like grandfather May I ask you which of the two is Vansh or you? You guys will tell who has more energy sir its n1 is l0 then n+l1 here but if n2 is l1 then sir if n + l = 3 then sir Its energy will be more, it is simple to reduce it is n + l check which has more his energy is high now this can also happen Energy of two orbitals of two orbitals can be of n + l If n is greater than l then the one who has n greater than l The one who has more N consumes more energy More energy sir take example like mother Look, 3s is written and 2p is written, son, in 3s If the value of n is 3 and the value of l is zero then Sir n + l = 3 and here n has to be The value is you, the value of l is one, sir n + l = 3 will be the value of n + l in both cases how is it for her whose n is bigger than hers Energy congratulations his energy is high and n If it is bigger then its energy will be more So by doing this you can get as many vitals as you want They are in increasing order of energy You can arrange this very easily Puras will come then after that 3d will come then after that After this 4f will come, 4p will come, 5s will come, 4d will come after this the story will continue like this Yes check the value of N+L whose N+ the more he has the more energy and if the mother Take two more vital scan plus if it comes from L and check whose n is bigger from inside better right, so these were the two things that you kept in mind Like this question was asked to us, right? is the order of decreasing order of energy Tell me it has been asked in 2023 The one which has more, has more energy and N+ it is from L then what to do Similar question was asked in 2022 also I had asked a very similar question Another question in Similar Question 2022 I have been asked if it has been repeated Isn't it good, this was asked in different shifts This was asked in different ships so this there are all kinds of questions and those that we You can ask us, it is very easy, isn't it? The value of plus l has to be checked and then Accordingly our questions get solved now we've figured out that orbitals What is the order of the energy of if the energy of Once the order is known, we now know the orbitals People are about to file and then kiss How many simple C orbitals are there from electrons The thing is, it files with electrons And there are some rules for that and in that The first rule is OFFBO the principal is very easy principal this off That is not the name of any brother, isn't it? Vo means to build so build up and what it said is that when you electron If you file then electron energy Files will be filed in increasing order The energy of the orbital will be less in it The energy of the g orbital is given by the electron it's more, add electrons to it later this is the rule, it is a simple story and that Principal's It's clear right now after that another one came The principle is called police exclusion What did Principal Pauli say? What did Pauline say? It was said that there are two electrons in one vital those with spin can never do that ok It is not possible to have two in one and vital electrons will have opposite spin no because if one metal has two electrons with spin ahead of them for all the four principal quantum numbers it will be done by value and which one is not possible Date by which Pal is Exclusion Principle Then after that there is another rule whose name is Hans's Rule of Maximum Multiplicity has I said that when you generate the atomic orbital do you file the electrons in the degenerate I mean, those whose energy it comes from, when given you guys at generate atomic orbitals If you file electrons then son first One electron has to be added to each electron Like in all three you put one electron each diya diesel rate do you understand the meaning right jin be due to the energy of the orbitals such as the three 3p Orbital 3px 3p/3 p s Energy of these three Isn't it the first time you file it? One electron has to be added to each of the three After that you have to get the electrons paired the fourth electron will come here this thing It is allowed, right? Don't do it like this, not like this You can do these three Arbitla Says let the electron file put it in Put less of it in it, it will be wrong yes the pairing of the first electron does not take place until till every diesel rate and battle will happen one electron did not reach Money clearance is very simple right? We also noted that there was a story I have seen it Now if we come to know that another vital how many electrons are there in yes and their file So now how to do it, we Easy to type electronic configuration can atomic electronic You can easily type configurations Like mother, if I tell you this, you will You must have known that we had taken its electronic Write the configuration sir atomic number we have three heads in orbit If you want to file electrons then do it first The first electron will come in 1s how many two and then after that how much one finish in 2s we get You know that S has two electrons P has 6 electrons and d has 10 electrons electrons come and in f there are 14 I already know that electrons come If it is there then we can be very comfortable can you solve the questions, right? Look, after lithium, mother, take it from you atomic number of nitrogen atomic number of nitrogen It happens with sir to file electron there is one s you you three two Tax and three together end if you are asked to do sodium then what will be s 11 This would mean filing 11 electrons Two will come in s then two will come in 2s 2s After that whose energy has come that of 2p in it How many can I get? 6 This makes 10 2p's whose energy came after 3p in it Maximum we can have two A's but how many do we need I have to do a flower, I have to do just one flower hey tell me friend yes like mother take potassium potassium has z 19 first Energy after two times in an electron beam energy of 2p after two 2s energy of 2p is equal to six 2s energy of 2p After 3s how many are there 2 2 4 6 10 and 2 12 3s is followed by 3p which can have six 18 is followed by 3p 4s is followed by 19 Tell me friend, can you calculate this? people like yas mother lo scandium The value of scandium is 21 so you said sir 1s2 2s2 2p6 2s after 3 3s 3p 4s and after 4s comes 3d one it is an electron, right? You have seen its electronic The configuration was also written very easily Here's what you need to know about energy Increasing Order of Atomic Orbitals If you know the order of energy then you people are great solve the questions comfortably If I talk about Chromium, it is 24. What should have happened to Chromium I wanted you to be a piece of three And This should have happened but it didn't happen Only porous one becomes 3d five here what happens 4s135 happens s gonna an electron goes into the de and as five electrons came in 3d Maximum 10 electrons can be absorbed son If five electrons come here then the haffield configuration and became the half field The whole world consists of atomic orbitals Do you know what they are, they are more stable? If there is a problem then try to generate stability The electronic composition of chromium in The configuration was just the opposite donation and another electronic likewise The difference is in the configuration Yes Copper Electronic comes in Copper configuration also 1s2 s2s2 3p6 4s2 then after that there is no 3d It should have been there but it doesn't happen what happens till now there is relief but 4s1 3d10 reaches 3d in 10 electrons are added and 10 electrons are added then This becomes the full field configuration, and if is a full field configuration, which means that If this field is more stable then it is full Half field and full due to configuration field configuration is more stable Because up to s = 30 these two electronic The configurations are such that the exceptions let's come Ok You will need to keep this in mind and If someone asks you why there are more exceptions Why is it exceptionally stable then you will say Sir there are two regions, first is exchange Look at the energy, what is exchange energy what happens is like a mother is a generator Diesel rate is 5 electrons in it Those whose spin will affect the diesel rate and When electrons are filed in the battery then There are files with spins one by one, now these These are the electrons with low spin its position with the other electron can exchange it with this I can do it with this as well I can do it with this as well With this you can also do it in every exchange some energy is released, and the energy that It has been released, Dada, this was called exchange Energy is higher for g configuration it is more stable and if If you look at the d5 configuration, the number will be There will be more off exchanges in it number of off What exchanges will get you more Will meet More stability, more this is one region The other reason is that in it the distribution of electrons it is symmetric to d5 d5 if you If people talk then d5 means everyone and There is one electron in each vital, this is symmetric distribution of electrons And cemetery leaves you stability right? Like mother, you talk about d10 every day There are two electrons in each orbital, Sir. There is a symmetric distribution and symmetry Leaves too stability to symmetric because of the distribution of electrons This is also the second reason due to which half field and full field are more stable Are ok if i talk about properties You have studied the magnetic properties The electronic configuration is written correctly you wrote the electronic configuration and Have you checked if he has any There is no unpaired electron No unpaired electron Electrons are such substances Son, what are they called diamagnetic? substance if you take electronic Write down the configuration and save it in electronic format. I saw in the configuration that my friend atlist one the unpaired electron is a is a at list one unpaid electron at list one those tree electrons if so it means how would it be it would be paramagnetic Paramagnetic substances can be attracted to magnetic fields attracts towards itself and Diamagnetic substance needs to be repaired Isn't it like if I talk about helium The electronic configuration of helium is 1s2 two electrons in the van ahead of both the trees are there if there are no unpaired electrons it's diamagnetic like if I talk Nitrogen is There are two in 2s and how many in 2p There are three electrons in 2p This means filing one electron at a time and it will have three unpaired electrons yes it means how will it be sir will be paramagnetic okay if you have number of unpaired If you guys have calculated the electrons by calculating the number of unpaired electrons So what else can you guys tell me? You can have one of the biggest magnetic moments There is a formula, but you will read it further People spin only magnetic moment which is called mau It is shown like this, its formula tells number of unpaired electrons n in n plus n * n + 2 What is a bomb? It is a magnetic unit. moment's okay right and here's what n it happens it happens electrons okay so you electronic Can you calculate it from the configuration unpaired electrons and if unpaired Once the electrons are calculated, you can proceed from there People can calculate the magnetic moment So these are small things aren't they which you guys in electronic configuration You can do electronic configuration Electronics is very important Configuration Exception Electronic There are many more configurations, but Sir, where do you want to read everything? Answer: third you have to read the chapter Sorry when you have to read the third chapter Periodic classification has lots of it you guys are exceptions over there There will be some of you guys DNDF elements I will read it ok Let's go again I will give you half a question it's homework right and then after that this one Let's finish this session, okay? This is your homework, this is a different question Look, this is a question about magnetic moment. You have got the number of unpaid in this also, right? Electrons have to be removed and magnetic calculate the moment That's all for today alright so Brother, this is the whole chapter, we have tried in this life time frame As efficient as life is in the time frame maybe he has to do it in a sufficient way yes it is possible that you might feel that brother questions My practice has reduced but I want to tell you I can say that this is the time period in which this If he had to finish the session then he had to give time Maximum utilization can be done in this way maybe alright let's go then you guys I hope you get a good revision It must have happened when you people did the session for this question You must have seen it completely. now in next session One more session of Physical Chemistry will be available In which we are in the status of peas If we talk, we will meet in the next session Till then everyone take care of yourself and stay happy Keep smiling and keep laughing and definitely know the price keep doing it because son it will be fine if you study less Just smiling is not okay so let's go then tata bye bye love you jo