Political Parties and Linkage Institutions

Overview

• Discussion focuses on political parties as linkage institutions within the AP Government curriculum.
• Objectives: Describe linkage institutions and explain their function and impact, particularly political parties.

Linkage Institutions

• Define: Structures connecting people to their government or political process.
• Examples include:
  • Political parties
  • Interest groups
  • Elections
  • Media
• Function: Allow communication of preferences from citizens to policymakers.

Political Parties

• Definition: Organizations defined by ideological beliefs that forward candidates for election.
• Main Parties in the U.S.:
  • Democratic Party: Represents liberal ideology.
  • Republican Party: Represents conservative ideology.
• Main Goal: Win elections and influence policy.

Role of Political Parties

1. Mobilization and Education of Voters

   • Encourage voting through registration drives and voter assistance.
   • Educate voters on candidate platforms.
   • Organize canvassing efforts for voter persuasion.

2. Write and Publish Party Platforms

   • Formal set of principles and policy goals by the party.
   • Democratic Platform: Liberal policies (e.g., universal healthcare, environmental regulations).
   • Republican Platform: Conservative policies (e.g., traditional values, deregulation).

3. Candidate Selection

   • Characteristics of ideal candidates:
     • Likability
     • Significant following
     • Ability to unite various party segments
     • Fundraising ability
   • Example: Abraham Lincoln's nomination and election.

4. Campaign Management Support

   • Fundraising and media strategy to support candidates.
   • Effective campaign management often leads to election success.

Political Parties as Linkage Institutions

• Connect individuals to political processes and elections.
• Provide resources and infrastructure to support candidates and electoral participation.

Post-Election Role of Political Parties

• Influence legislative leadership and committee chair appointments.
• Party membership affects roles like Speaker of the House and Senate leaders.

Conclusion

• Political parties play a crucial role in linking citizens to government and impacting political processes.

Additional Resources

• Encourage downloading of review packets for further study and exam preparation.