USB Technology Overview

Overview

This lecture explains the purpose, evolution, versions, cable types, connectors, and port color coding of USB (Universal Serial Bus) technology.

USB stands for Universal Serial Bus and is the standard for connecting peripherals to computers.
USB supports devices such as keyboards, mice, cameras, printers, scanners, drives, and even charging devices.
Key goals include universal connectivity, easy configuration, and fast data transfer.
USB ports are hot-swappable, allowing devices to connect/disconnect without powering off.
USB can provide power to small devices without extra power cables.

USB cables usually have two connector types: Type A, Type B, or Type C.
Type A: Standard rectangular plug, common as the host connector on computers.
Type B: Squarish plug for devices like printers and some drives.
Mini-B: Smaller than B, used on older smartphones and cameras.
Micro-B: Thinner than mini-B, used on modern smartphones and devices.
USB 3.0 Type B: Larger with nine pins, for higher speeds and power.
USB 3.0 Micro-B: Wider version with extra pins for external hard drives.
Type C: Thin, rounded, 24 pins, reversible, used on modern devices; same connector at both cable ends.

USB 1.0/1.1: White port (outdated, rare on new hardware).
USB 2.0: Black port.
USB 3.0: Blue port.
USB 3.1: Teal port.
USB 3.2: Red port.
Sleep and Charge ports: Red, orange, or yellow (provide power during sleep mode).

USB (Universal Serial Bus) — Standard for connecting peripherals to computers.
Hot-swappable — Devices can be connected/disconnected without shutting down.
Type A Connector — Standard rectangular USB plug for hosts.
Type B Connector — Square USB plug for devices.
Mini-B/Micro-B Connector — Smaller USB connectors for compact devices.
Type C Connector — Reversible, universal USB connector used in modern devices.
Sleep and Charge Port — USB port that continues to supply power when the computer sleeps.