would you like free audiobooks click the link in the description question one a patient with a severe burn is at risk for hypovolemia which assessment finding would be the earliest indicator of this complication a increased heart rate B decreased urine output C altered mental status D decreased blood pressure correct answer answer a increased heart rate rationale the earliest indicator of hypovolemia in a burned patient is an increased heart rate this is the body's compensatory mechanism to maintain cardiac output amidst reduced blood volume other options are later signs of hypovolemia question two a nurse is caring for a patient with psoriasis which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching a I should keep my skin moist B I can use corticosteroid creams to reduce inflammation C I can expect to be completely cured with treatments D I should avoid triggers like stress and alcohol correct answer C I can expect to be completely cured with treatments rationale psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease that can be managed but not cured this statement indicates a misunderstanding of the condition and a need for further education question three a nurse is preparing to administer medication to a patient with acne which medication requires the nurse to advise the patient to avoid pregnancy due to teratogenic effects a tretinoin b isotretinoin c clinty d Benzel peroxide correct answer B isotretinoin rationale isotretinoin and oral retinoid has significant teratogenic effects and women of childbearing age must avoid pregnancy while on this medication a pregnancy test and enrollment in a risk management program are required before initiation question four which finding would a nurse expect when assessing a patient with a suspected melanoma a a smooth round uniformly pigmented mole b a mole with irregular borders and varying colors C A rapidly shrinking pigmented lesion d a small painless red lesion that bleeds intermittently correct answer b a mole with irregular borders and varying colors rationale melanoma is characterized by moles with asymmetry irregular borders color variation a diameter greater than 6 mm and evolving nature the description in B is most indicative of melanoma question five a nurse is educating a patient with a leg ulcer about wound care what information is essential to include a you should keep the ulcer dry and exposed to air to promote healing B it's normal for the ulcer to increase in size before it starts healing C use an antibiotic ointment and a moist dressing to promote healing D you should only change the dressing when it becomes soiled correct answer C use an antibiotic ointment and a moist dressing to promote healing rationale moist wound healing environments promote faster healing and less pain antibiotic ointments can prevent infection keeping ulcers dry and exposed or for changing dressings only when soiled could delay healing and increase infection risk question six a nurse is caring for a patient with a history of skin cancer which recommendation is most appropriate for this patient a limit sun exposure between 10:00 a.m. and 400 p.m. B use a tanning bed instead of direct sunlight C apply a sunscreen with a minimum SPF of 15 d sun exposure is safe as long as it's not during midday correct answer a limit sun exposure between 10:00 a.m. and 400 p.m. rationale the sun's rays are strongest between 10:00 a.m. and 400 p.m. so limiting exposure during these hours is key in skin cancer prevention tanning beds should be avoided as they also increase the risk of skin cancer question seven during a skin assessment a nurse notices is a non-blanchable redness over a bony prominence in a bedden patient what is the appropriate nursing action a document the finding a stage ey pressure injury B reassess the area in 24 hours C apply a hydrocolloid dressing D encourage the patient to remain in the same position for pressure relief correct answer a document the finding a stage I pressure injury rationale non-blanchable redness over a bony prominence in a bedden patient indicates a stage ey pressure injury immediate documentation and intervention are necessary to prevent further deterioration question 8 a patient presents with a skin lesion which characteristic would suggest the need for further evaluation for Basil cell carcinoma a a rapidly growing tender red nodule b a small flesh colored papule with a pearly appearance c a flat Brown uniformly pigmented spot d a large painful purulent lesion correct answer b a small flesh colored papule with a pearly appearance rationale basil cell carcinoma often presents as a small flesh colored pearly nodule these lesions can be slow growing and are typical found in sun-exposed areas question n a nurse is assessing a patient with cellulitis which finding is most consistent with this diagnosis a a hard raised lesion with clear borders b a warm red swollen area with diffuse borders c a cluster of fluid filed blisters D dry scaly patches of skin correct answer B b a warm red swollen area with diffused borders rationel cellulitis typically presents as a warm red swollen area with diffus borders often accompanied by fever and malaise this bacterial skin infection requires prompt treatment with antibiotics question 10 a patient is being treated for scabies which instruction should the nurse include in patient education a hot water should be used for washing all bedding and clothing B scabies is only contagious after symptoms appear C apply the prescribed cream to the face and scalp D isolation is required until treatment is complete correct answer a hot water should be used for washing all bedding and clothing rationale Scapes mites can survive for a short time off the human body washing bedding clothing and towels and hot water is essential to prevent reinfestation and to control the spread of mites question 11 a nurse is providing education to a patient with atopic dermatitis eczema which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching a I should take short warm showers B moisturizing immediately after bathing is important C I can use fragrance-free mild soap D scratching the lesions will help in removing dead skin correct answer D scratching the lesions will help in removing dead skin rationale scratching can exacerbate eczema and lead to further skin damage and potential infection patients should be advised to avoid scratching and instead use moisturizers to alleviate itching question 12 a nurse is assessing a patient with suspected frostbite which finding is typically associated with this condition a red blistered skin B white or yellowish waxy skin C dry scaly and itchy skin D warm flushed skin with rashes correct answer B white or yellowish waxy skin rationale frostbite is characterized by white or yellowish waxy skin that feels firm or wooden to the touch immediate rewarming and medical attention are necessary to prevent permanent tissue damage question 13 in teaching a patient about wound care for a pressure ulcer which statement by the nurse is most appropriate a apply heat to the area to increase blood flow B keep the wound dry and exposed to air C use saline to clean the wound and and apply a moist dressing D rub the area vigorously to remove dead tissue correct answer C use saline to clean the wound and apply a moist dressing rationale cleaning the wound with saline and applying a moist dressing promotes a healing environment heat dryness and rubbing can damage tissue and delay healing question 14 a nurse is educating a patient with herpes zuster shingles about managing the condition which instruction is most appropriate a you can apply topical antibiotics to the blisters B use warm compresses to relieve pain and itching C keep the rash covered to prevent transmission D take aspirin for pain relief correct answer C keep the rash covered to prevent transmission rationel herpes zoster can be spread to individuals who have not had chickenpox or the vaccine keeping the rash covered can help prevent transmission aspirin should be avoided due to the risk of Rise syndrome question 15 a patient is being treated for severe acne which dietary recommendation should the nurse provide a increase your intake of fatty foods B drink at least 2 lers of water daily C there's no need to change your diet D limit dairy products and high glycemic foods correct answer D limit dairy products and high glycemic foods rationale some studies suggest that dairy products and high glycemic foods can exacerbate acne recommending a balanced diet with limited intake of these foods can be beneficial in managing severe acne question 16 a nurse is caring for a patient with severe sunburn which intervention is most appropriate for initial management a apply an ice pack directly to the sunburn skin B encourage increased fluid intake C use petroleum based products to suo the skin D expose the skin to sunlight for short periods to promote healing correct answer B encourage increased fluid in intake rationale increased fluid intake is important in patients with severe sunburn to prevent dehydration direct ice application petroleum based products and further sun exposure can worsen the condition question 17 which statement by a patient with a new colostomy stom indicates a need for further teaching a the stom should be a healthy red color B I should report any skin irritation around the stom C it's normal for the stom to bleed a little when I clean it D I should expect the stom to be swollen initially correct answer C it's normal for the stom to bleed a little when I clean it rationale while slight bleeding might occur due to fragile tissue regular bleeding should be reported as it may indicate trauma or irritation proper Stomach Care involves gentle cleaning to prevent injury question 18 a patient with a history of venostasis ulcers is being discharged what is the most important instruction for the nurse to provide a limit physical activity and keep the legs dependent B apply heat to the legs to promote circulation C wear compression stockings during the day D massage your legs daily to improve blood flow correct answer C wear compression stockings during the day rationale compression stockings help improve Venus return and prevent fluid accumulation in the legs crucial in managing and preventing Venus stasis ulcers question 19 which instruction is essential for a nurse to provide to a patient taking isotretinoin for acne a limit your exposure to direct sunlight B you can donate blood while taking this medication C alcohol consumption is safe with this medication D you might not see results for several months correct answer a limit your exposure to direct sunlight rationale isotretinoin can make the skin more sensitive to sunlight increasing the risk of sunburn patients should be advised to limit sun exposure and use sunscreen blood donation and alcohol alcohol consumption are contraindicated during treatment question 20 a nurse is assessing a patient with impo which finding is commonly associated with this condition a large fluid filed blisters B thick crusted yellow lesions C dry red scaly patches D deep painful ulcers correct answer B thick crust yellow lesions rationale impetigo typically presents as small vesicles that rupture and become covered with a thick honey colored crust it is a highly contagious bacterial skin infection question 21 a nurse is providing post-operative care for a patient who has undergone a skin graft on the lower leg which action is most important in the immediate postoperative period a encouraging ambulation to to promote blood flow B keeping the graft sight elevated C applying heat to The graft site to promote circulation D massaging Around The graft site to decrease swelling correct answer B keeping the graft site elevated rationale elevation of The graft site is crucial to reduce edema and promote Venus return thereby aiding in the survival of the graft ambulation heat application and massage might disrupt The graft and are not recommended immediately postoperatively question 22 a patient with a suspected malignant melanoma is scheduled for a biopsy which statement by the nurse accurately explains the procedure a the biopsy will involve taking a sample from the center of the lesion B will remove the entire lesion and surrounding skin c a small punch biopsy will be done to take a cross-sectional sample D only the top layer of the lesion will be scraped off for the biopsy correct answer B will remove the entire lesion and surrounding skin rationale for a suspected malignant melanoma an exisal biopsy that removes the entire lesion and a margin of surrounding skin is often performed this approach helps in accurate diagnosis and staging question 23 nurse is caring for a patient with a severe allergic reaction presenting with ticaria hives what is the priority nursing intervention a apply a topical corticosteroid to the affected area B administer prescribed antihistamine C instruct the patient to use a tanning bed to reduce inflammation D encourage the patient to scratch gently to alleviate itching correct answer B administer prescribed antihistamine rationale the priority in managing ticaria is to alleviate the allergic reaction typically through the administration of antihistamines topical treatments May provide some relief but they do not address the underlying allergic response question 24 during an assessment of a patient with Scleroderma which finding would the nurse expect a hyperpigmented loose skin B hard thicken skin C greasy scaly scalp D multiple flat moles correct answer B hard thicken skin rationale Scleroderma characteristically causes skin to become hard and thickened it's an autoimmune disorder that leads to fibrosis and may affect internal organs as well question 25 a nurse is teaching a patient about preventing recurrent candidal skin infections which statement by the patient indicates an understanding of the teaching a I should keep the affected area moist and warm B I will wear tight fitting synthetic clothing C I should dry my skin thoroughly after bathing D using antibacterial soap daily will prevent infection correct answer C I should dry my skin thoroughly after bathing rationale candidal infections thrive in warm moist environments drying the skin thoroughly particularly in skin folds helps prevent these conditions wearing loose breathable clothing and avoiding excessive moisture are also important visit nurs study.net for more nursing practice exams care plans and study guides