Overview
This lecture outlines the significant legal foundations that shape the Philippine educational system, focusing on key laws, constitutional mandates, and principles governing education in the country.
Legal Bases of Philippine Education
- The 1987 Philippine Constitution provides the fundamental legal framework for education in the Philippines.
- The Constitution declares education as a right and mandates the state to protect and promote it.
- The right of all citizens to quality education at all levels is guaranteed by the Constitution.
- The government is required to establish and maintain a complete, adequate, and integrated system of education.
- Educational institutions are encouraged to teach patriotism, nationalism, and love of humanity.
- Section 3, Article XIV of the Constitution emphasizes the development of moral character, personal discipline, and scientific and technological efficiency.
Major Education Laws and Policies
- The Education Act of 1982 (Batas Pambansa Bilang 232) governs the general operation and management of schools.
- The Act highlights academic freedom and the responsibility of educational institutions.
- Republic Act No. 9155 (Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001) decentralized the public basic education system.
- RA 9155 established the Department of Education (DepEd) as the main governing body of basic education.
- The K-12 Law (RA 10533) extended basic education to 13 years, including Kindergarten and Grade 12.
- These laws provide mechanisms for access, quality, and governance in Philippine education.
Principles and Objectives of Philippine Education
- Philippine education aims for holistic development: intellectual, moral, physical, and social.
- Key principles include accessibility, relevance, and quality of instruction.
- Education should foster love of country and respect for human rights and cultural heritage.
- The system supports lifelong learning and the development of productive citizens.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Academic Freedom — The right of schools to determine their own policies, curricula, and governance within legal limits.
- DepEd (Department of Education) — Government agency in charge of primary and secondary education.
- Integrated System of Education — A unified, organized, and coordinated approach to delivering educational services.
- K-12 Law (RA 10533) — Law that added Kindergarten and two years of Senior High School to basic education.
- Batas Pambansa Bilang 232 (Education Act of 1982) — Law providing for the structure and management of the Philippine education system.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review the full text of the 1987 Philippine Constitution, Article XIV.
- Read and summarize the Education Act of 1982 and RA 9155.
- Familiarize yourself with the implementation details of the K-12 Law.