Overview
This lecture explores George Herbert Mead's theory that the self develops through social interaction, focusing on his concepts of the “I” and the “Me.”
Mead’s Theory of the Self
- Mead argued that the self emerges from social interactions, not as a pre-existing individual entity.
- Social processes and relationships are necessary for the development of consciousness and personal identity.
- From birth, individuals learn symbols, gestures, and language through interactions, forming a “universe of discourse.”
The “I” and the “Me”
- The “Me” consists of attitudes, expectations, and behaviors learned from interactions with others.
- The “I” is the reflective, creative aspect of the self that responds to the “Me” and allows for personal change.
- Both the “I” and “Me” are dynamic and continue to develop through social experience.
Impact and Context
- Mead shifted psychology and sociology from viewing the self as internal introspection to a socially grounded concept.
- His work influenced later thinkers like Charles Cooley (looking-glass self), Wilhelm Wundt (social mind), and others.
- Mead’s theory is foundational for understanding the self within societal and cultural contexts.
Mead’s Background and Key Works
- Born in Massachusetts; educated at Oberlin and Harvard; taught at the University of Chicago.
- Actively supported social causes such as women’s suffrage.
- Key publications include "The Social Self" (1913), "The Philosophy of the Present" (1932), and "Mind, Self, and Society" (1934).
Key Terms & Definitions
- Self — The individual's sense of identity developed through social interaction.
- “Me” — The socialized aspect of the self, shaped by learned behaviors and expectations.
- “I” — The spontaneous, reflective part of the self that evaluates and responds to the “Me.”
- Universe of Discourse — The symbolic system of communication developed through social experience.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review key works by Mead, especially "The Social Self."
- Compare Mead’s theory with Charles Cooley’s and Wilhelm Wundt’s perspectives on self.