Overview
This lecture explains the key differences between placental abruption and placenta previa, focusing on pain level, associated risk, timing, and test-taking strategies.
Placenta Previa
- Placenta previa involves the placenta covering part or all of the cervix.
- Characterized by painless or low-grade pain vaginal bleeding in pregnancy.
- Pain is usually mild, often rated 5 or less on a 10-point scale.
- Occurs more commonly in the second trimester.
- Not usually associated with trauma or injury.
- Remember: "P" for Previa, "P" for Painless, and "P" for Privates (gynecological issue).
Placental Abruption
- Placental abruption is the premature separation of the placenta from the uterus.
- Presents with sudden, severe, high-grade abdominal pain and possible vaginal bleeding.
- Pain is always significant, often rated above 5 on a 10-point scale.
- More likely to occur in the third trimester.
- Commonly linked to trauma (e.g., blunt abdominal injury).
- Always considered a life-threatening emergency for both mother and fetus.
- Remember: "A" for Abruption, "A" for Always painful and Always an emergency.
Exam Tips & Memory Aids
- For exam questions, distinguish by pain severity: Previa = low or no pain, Abruption = high pain.
- Placental abruption scenarios often describe trauma and significant pain.
- Abruption is always a higher priority emergency due to compromised fetal circulation and internal bleeding.
- The "P for Painless" and "A for Always" rules help recall key differences quickly.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Placenta Previa — Placenta attaches low in the uterus, covering the cervix, causing painless bleeding.
- Placental Abruption — Early separation of the placenta from the uterus, causing severe pain and potential hemorrhage.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review class materials on obstetric emergencies, focusing on placental abruption and previa.
- Practice distinguishing scenarios in sample exam questions.
- Contact instructor with questions or clarifications as needed.