Lecture on Natural Selection and AP Bio Unit 7

Introduction

• Focus on preparing for AP Bio Exam, specifically Unit 7 (Natural Selection).
• Importance of Units 3 and 7 for the exam.
• Encouragement and resources for students:
  • Daily reviews on Instagram.
  • 374-page review guide (focus on specific topics).
  • Recorded FRQ reviews from 2013-2023.
  • 120 review games available on quizzes.com.
  • Review PowerPoints and live streams available.

Topics Covered

1. Natural Selection
   • Developed by Charles Darwin.
   • Concept of "descent with modifications."
   • Favorable traits lead to increased survival and reproduction.
   • Examples: Peppered moths and antibiotic resistance.
2. Types of Selection
   • Disruptive Selection: Selection against intermediate traits.
   • Stabilizing Selection: Selection for intermediate traits (e.g., birth weights).
   • Directional Selection: Moves towards a specific phenotype.
3. Hardy-Weinberg Principle
   • Conditions: large population, random mating, no mutations, no gene flow, no natural selection.
   • Used to determine if a population is evolving.
   • Genetic drift: Founder effect and bottleneck effect.
4. Examples and Practice
   • Different scenarios illustrating selection and genetic drift.
   • Practice with Hardy-Weinberg calculations.
5. Phylogeny and Evidence of Evolution
   • Biochemical and morphological evidence.
   • DNA as a more reliable source than protein.
   • Homologous vs. analogous structures.
6. Speciation
   • Biological species concept.
   • Reproductive barriers: Prezygotic and postzygotic.
   • Sympatric vs. allopatric speciation.

Additional Resources and Study Tips

• Marco Learning: YouTube videos for bio and other subjects.
• Absolute Recap: Podcasts for various AP subjects.
• Etut Science.com: Daily review questions and AI assistance.
• Study Tips:
  • Spot checking on difficult topics.
  • Multi-choice and FRQ practice.
  • Watching unit overview videos.
  • Taking mock exams if possible.

Conclusion

• Encouragement to continue studying and using available resources.
• Reminder of the importance of consistent review and practice.