foreign we shall discuss the structure of the courts in Ghana we shall discuss the structure of the course in Ghana and we shall have this discussion and the Ghana legal systems and methods the structure of the courts in Ghana now we know that as far as the Judiciary in Ghana is concerned we have the courts in Ghana now what is the structure of the courts in Ghana what is the structure of the courts in Ghana now a further structure is concerned what we shall start with is Article 1 26 of the 1992 constitutional Ghana Article 1 26 or the 1992 constitution of Ghana now what does Article 1 26 of the Constitution of Ghana say it says the Judiciary shall consists of the superior court of judicature comprising the Supreme Court the court of appeal and the high courts and Regional tribunals again the Judiciary shall consists of a the superior court of judicature comprising the Supreme Court the court of appeal and the high courts and Regional tribunals be such lower courts or tribunals as Parliament made by more established so from Article 1 26 you realize that the Judiciary of Ghana is grouped into the superior cause of judicator and also the lower courts or tribunals as Parliament need by law establish the judicial of Ghana consists of the superior court of judicature and lower courts of tribunals as Parliament May by law establish so the court structure in Ghana is divided into two broad attributes the superior court of judicature on the one hand and then the lower courts or tribunals as Parliament May by law established on the other hand and as far as the Superior Courts are concerned we have the Supreme Court the court of appeal and the high courts and Regional tribunals now let me draw your attention to some important points at this juncture there are some people who in mentioning the courts in Ghana will say the Supreme Court and appeal courts please there's nothing like the appeal quotes if you look at the wedding of your Constitution he says the court of appeal appeal quotes is not the same as one of our people and I say this because Supreme Court for example it can be an appeal court when you appeal from a decision from the court of appeal it goes to the Supreme Court when he goes there it means the Supreme Court is exercising appellate jurisdiction in the same way the high cost can also be an appellate court when you have a criminal matter he appeal to the high court in that instance the high courts will be acting as an appellate sport so never say appeal quotes because when you say appeal but we don't know what's your revenge it is better you see the cops over Pew that is what the Constitution says so foreign we have the Supreme Court we have the power of a few we have the high courts and we have Regional tribunals now another thing I want you to identify in big critical attention to is this the superior court of dedication are established by the Constitution they are created by the Constitution it is the 1992 constitution of Ghana under it article 126. that is where you have the various Superior Courts mentioned the Supreme Court the court of appeal the high court and Regional tribunals they are created by the Constitution but when you look at the big South lower courts or tribunals as Parliament May by law established it means that the lower courts are not created by the Constitution it means the lower courts are created by Parliament so the lower court you know of Circuit Court District Court nowhere in the Constitution when you see the mention of sacred spots because they are not created by the Constitution they are all are created by an act of Parliament that is why Article 1 26 plus 1B says such lower Cuts or tribunals as Parliament made by law established and so at this point I'll read after 26 once again that the Judiciary shall consist of the Superior Courts of judicature comprising the Supreme Court the court of appeal and the high court and Originals B such lower courts or tribunals as Parliament May by law established so if anybody asks you by our 1992 Constitution which parts constitutes the superior course of judicature please therefore Regional tribunals the high courts a court of appeal and a Supreme Court these ones are the superior cost of dedicated and then they are created by the Constitution it says the superior cost shall be superior cause of record and if I have the power to commit for contempt to themselves amazed that under our 1992 constitutional filament the Superior Courts are superior court on record and these are half the power to commit for themselves content and so remember that the Superior Courts are created by the Constitution and we are told that the lower courts or tribunals as Parliament May by law established so lower courts are not created by the Constitution they are rather created by Parliament so how has Parliament created the lower courts in Ghana you have to look at section 39 of the Court's Act 1993 at 459. the courts Acts 1993 acts four five nine this is one session 39 of the Court Access about establishments from the lower coast of Ghana now at this point let me take your mind back to article 126 plus two Article 1 26 plus 2 is what says such lower court or tribunals as Parliament May Bible established now let us see what the court acts is saying foreign sixth of the Constitution the following are by this act established at the lower courts so you see that I took 126 plus 1B says sub lower cost of tribunals as Parliament May by law established now Parliament is using this court Act to not establish the lower courts so he says press one to paragraph B of plus one or vertical 126 of the Constitution the following are by this act established at the lower cost a circuit courts B district courts C Juvenile Courts and B the master half of chiefs we're not out of this and every traditional Council in respect of the jurisdiction of that house or Council to adjudicate over a course or matter affecting keep things so section 39 of the courts act has established the lower courts and it identified them at the circuit courts district courts juvenile courts and the national House of Thieves original House of Chiefs and every traditional Council in respect of that jurisdiction to adjudicate or by a cause of matter affecting dividency so if we mention lower courts Lower Court they are not created by the Constitution the era created by an act of Parliament which is the Court's act 1993 at 459 in case section 39 where we are told that the lower courts are the circuit courts this reports juvenile courts and the national House of Jesus right now out of Chiefs and every traditional Council now I remember I mentioned that the Supreme records under the 126 closed too it says they shall be superior cause of record and they will have the power to commit for themselves content now this position here is very very important because it is only the superior court of record that are giving the power to cite people for content of course especially those ones committed Xbox when I say Xbox security I mean that out of the face of the courts so for example the court grants and Order of the junction let us see the district court Grant another of injunction circuit courts that's another of injunction and then the person against him the injection is granted fails to comply with the injunction and is still building he's still building in total disregard for the orders of the Court that's all to Grant the injunction now the question is can you go to the district court and decide that person for content and he goes to the Circuit Court inside that person for content now if you go according to article 126 plus two record and have the power to commit for themselves content the point is even made planner in the case of the case of the republic versus District Court grade one thing expertise reported in 1991 land Ghana law reports at page one three six to one three nine thank you Republic as a district court grade one though qualifin expertise reported in 1991 one Ghana law reports at page one three six to one three nine this is what the court said and I quote when it came to the consideration of contempt proceedings in the inferior courts a distinction should be made between contempts committed in the face of the Courts during court proceedings in Far security and contains committed outside courts expansion commercial contains committed outside the court never belong to inferior courts with a consequence that they could only seek protection from the Superior Courts in such cases hence an inferior courts which attempted to punish for contempts committed out of Courts was clearly a user trying to glue himself with the jurisdiction is very nature or origin 90s I was assuming an authority is very constitutional birth of it I caught was inferior precisely because it had no modularization that was expertly granted it in the instant case since the law was settled committed namely violating another of the district courts contained in a judgment was contained most content as fascially cause had no jurisdiction all right in other words if you commit content of cuts out if you commit content of and this contempt of Courts was committed out of the face of the Courts for example invest some of the video and then he insults the district courts the difficult grants are not of injunction you refuse to obey that District Court cannot cite you for condemns you cannot be signed up for Content before that they support because they do not have the power to commit for themselves content what they have the power to do is what the actual Parliament tell them to do and that one doesn't do to content and therefore if you want to sign that person for contempt you must go to the high courts over there so therefore the high court the court of appeal Supreme Court they have demonstration to entertain applications for contempts but the lower courts as we've seen in the case of republic versus District called grade one fairness 1991-136-139 saying that when content is committed the lower courts do not have the jurisdiction to maintenance you see in this case the reason the expression is because in the Old Law we describe them as inferior courts but now and that Commando this is foreign [Music] recap what the structure of the courts in Ghana once again article 126 says that judicials are consists of a the superior cause of the dictator comprising the Supreme Court the court of appeal the high court and Regional tribunals B sub lower court of tribunals as Parliament May by law established so good law has Parliament used to establish the lower courts we have the court acts of 1993 as 459 specifically section 39 where we have the circuit courts this reports digital quotes and the National Harbor Chiefs regular out of Chiefs and every traditional Council in respect of the jurisdiction of that house of council to adjudicate over a course of matter affecting chieftaincy so this is the structure of the courts in Ghana if anybody asks you what is the structure of the courts in Ghana they are divided into two broad categories the Supreme Court court of appeal high court and regular tribunals and then the circuits got district courts Juvenile Courts National House of chiefs original House of Chiefs and every traditional Council irrespect of the jurisdiction of that house or Council to adjudicates over a course of matter affecting Chieftains so this is the structure on the courts we have in Ghana and we see that structure under article 126 of the 1992 Constitution our next lecture shall be a discussion of the jurisdiction of all these courts in Ghana today if you say this is a structure Supreme Court court of appeal High courts what is the jurisdiction they all have this is what shall be the subject matter of our next lecture but for now we know the poor structure and that's 126 is that they are grouped into two blood categories Superior Courts and then the lower courts this is where we shall bring an end to our lecture in the structure of the courts in Ghana thank you