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CIA Triad in Information Security1️⃣

Jun 21, 2025

Overview

This lecture introduces the CIA triad—confidentiality, integrity, and availability—as the foundational model for information security policies.

The CIA Triad

  • The CIA triad stands for confidentiality, integrity, and availability in information security.
  • These three principles guide the development of workplace and personal security policies.

Confidentiality

  • Confidentiality means keeping data hidden from unauthorized users.
  • Limiting access to data ensures only necessary individuals can view sensitive information.
  • Password protection is a common method for maintaining confidentiality.

Integrity

  • Integrity ensures data remains accurate and unaltered during storage or transmission.
  • Changes to files, such as unexpected file sizes after download, may signal integrity issues.
  • Protecting integrity prevents tampering or corruption of data.

Availability

  • Availability means authorized users can access needed information when required.
  • Systems must be prepared for data loss or downtime to ensure continued availability.
  • Security attacks may disrupt availability, steal data, or require recovery efforts.

The Importance of the CIA Triad

  • All aspects of security revolve around confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
  • Understanding and applying the CIA triad helps prevent security breaches and data loss.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Confidentiality — Keeping information hidden from unauthorized access.
  • Integrity — Ensuring data remains unchanged and accurate.
  • Availability — Guaranteeing authorized users have timely access to information.
  • CIA Triad — The model of confidentiality, integrity, and availability in information security.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Reflect on how the CIA triad can be applied to your own data and systems.
  • Prepare for upcoming lessons on implementing these principles in real-world scenarios.