Assessments in Education

Key Types of Assessment

1. Formative Assessments

• Purpose: Used during the teaching process for quick checks of understanding.
• Examples:
  • Thumbs up/thumbs down
  • Brainstorming

2. Summative Assessments

• Purpose: Measure long-term academic goals, primarily for grading.
• Examples:
  • Park tests
  • Midterms
  • Finals
  • Unit tests
  • Projects

3. Diagnostic Assessments

• Purpose: Gather prior knowledge of students to plan future instruction.
• Example:
  • Pre-course tests

4. Formal Assessments

• Purpose: Conducted with strict and specific procedures.
• Examples:
  • Standardized tests (e.g., SAT)

5. Informal Assessments

• Purpose: Use normal classroom testing procedures without supporting data.
• Example:
  • Exit tickets

6. Behavioral Assessments

• Purpose: Common in special education to understand student behaviors.
• Example:
  • Functional behavioral assessment

7. Rating Scales

• Purpose: Estimate understanding on a subject by providing a scaled score.
• Use Case:
  • Professor evaluations

8. Emotional Assessments

• Purpose: Used for students with emotional distress, often using observations.
• Examples:
  • Checklists
  • Student questionnaires

9. Screening

• Purpose: Identify students at risk of failing.
• Framework:
  • Response to Intervention (RTI)

10. Authentic Assessments

• Purpose: Conducted in real-life settings.
• Example:
  • Speaking to a large crowd for a public speaking class

11. Performance-Based Assessments

• Purpose: Evaluate student ability to perform academic tasks.
• Example:
  • Creating an application in a computer programming class

12. Criterion-Referenced Tests (CRTs)

• Purpose: Grade students based on mastery of content.
• Features:
  • Usually created by teachers
  • Used in simple classroom assessments

13. Norm-Referenced Assessments

• Purpose: Compare students against similar demographics.

Assessment Administration

• Assessments can be tailored individually or in groups.
• Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) often require personalized testing.

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