Hello friends welcome all of you People's PW Only IS Started My name on the channel is Mohammad Asim and today We are our Satish Chandra NCERT starting chapter number three and This chapter is talking about Chola umpires Chola Empire i.e. who was Imperial Chola If we talk about him here then today I will Let me take you back to a bit of ancient history I will go and connect the chapters, friend We had read this thing and from here now we They are reading Imperial Chalas at this place we are connecting ok so that's it It is an interesting chapter and an interesting story along with that their local inside NCERT The topic of self government is also a discussion We will do the cultural aspect as well If we discuss then we will discuss the political aspect Cultural aspect and administration all three This thing will be discussed in today's lecture what we are going to discuss is Please note what will be discussed Take it when we are talking about chola We are talking about chola here so this Here we will divide this lecture into three parts We will divide them where we see their political Political will discuss history We will discuss the history later About the administration of Hum Chalas okay and then we will talk after that People will discuss the third part here that is the cultural life please note that is the Cultural life is fine and first of all i will give you a I would like to give you a timeline, take a good look at it Please see where Chola is exactly the history okay some of them come in the books Students were saying that I did the last one I read a comment on the lecture by a student There was a comment that Sir, the notes should be made big and bulky. so look friend friend now I am you you I would say this to people that now as you You are moving ahead, aren't you? You are class six. When I was studying NCERT of class 8 or 10, But it was a little less but you can read the NCERT of 11th It's done Aryas Sharma, now you are moving ahead yes Meval History Satish Chandra Now you will know this We will also have to understand that the R S Sharma book was ok now the fat content of this book is it's about 129 pages 129 pages but which You are now reading Satish Chandra here Satish Chandra Satish Chandra's pages Number of pages that approximates There is a lot of content in it and The interesting thing is that I tell you that the content is more why is it because in RS Sharma you You will see more number of chapters than 29 There are fewer chapters and fewer pages: R Satish Chandra Number of chapters in R19 are less here There are chapters but it has more pages Meaning each chapter has more pages There is a chapter of around 20 pages here. I will get it and let me tell you one thing friend, You are reading this R S Sharma Satish Are you reading Chandra, I have read R S Sharma You have assumed that the angle of prelims You will do a lot from here and take it along At the same time, you should understand it from the angle of Mains as well. Satish Chandra of Medal History lies here So you will be able to cover a lot of things, so this is what you you are saying but in notes i would say that Make notes as this will help you There is going to be a good coverage here The syllabus is being covered well so make it right come on now first of all i am going to tell you a Let me give you a flowchart of how we got here we will discuss things how chalas picture okay so when I get into political I am talking about history here I'm all about the Kings who are Kings Chaula must have been discussing about him I will do it okay and I am Joe King here Those two kings will remain for discussion and who will be one raja raja pratam will be one Rajaraj one is fine and the other will be Rajendra About these two in one NCERT Mainly discussed here but I will tell you everything from their founder to others. Their Rulersongs It was going according to plan, here we are We will discuss along with Bhai King Who used to assist them, what kind of army was this? We will see everything when cultural life comes again So here specifically we are talking about temple We will discuss the architecture of the temple What was the architecture of this Chola The Chola period temple of Okhi along with the architecture that we are presenting here We will discuss those sculptures There will be sculptures, then we will talk we will talk about languages here because In languages you will see a very Pickler was the feature of Chola period that bhaiya There is a lot of growth of regional languages here Regional languages start emerging here But whatever is there, it comes forward now This is a very peculiar character brother Sanskrit has already been patterned peculiarly but at the same time now you have to be here But if regional languages are available then You will get to see different works in which like for example you will get tamil You will get to see Ramayana in Telugu You will get to see Mahabharata in Kannada here But if you want to see literature then it is here In this way, the regional languages are their Balbu I start the outline of the chapter I will first discuss with you the Political History and thus it began If you do then first one is with me here Make a timeline, this is very important To understand that I am like this robe again and again I am telling you where you used to get it from It's in the history books, so let's go Share this diagram with me here look first okay take it and if you don't understand anything then Please do let me know, let's see first First I will tell you here that what we I had read that in ant history right and wrong about mauryas yes sir The period that came after the Mauryas The period was post Moria's right and wrong yes sir you are recollecting all this no If you are still there then recollect it now, do you remember now? will come and when i read you post mariya when I was there I told you that sir this thing which is divided into three periods or should I say not period in three parts is divided into three parts and I said Tha post Maurya is in it our native there was a discussion about rulersongs and The history of the Deep South that is in it There was a discussion about DS meaning Deep South well while we here at northern rulersongs Whose did we discuss here? We discussed Pandya here Remember the whole history of Kiska Chola Hope You must have understood fully clearly till here We have all these things in RS Sharma I have discussed it in detail, after that what There comes a period in history for that They say what does Gupta period mean Gupta must have read the period well The period that comes after the period is called People call it post Gupta period now I want to connect you a little bit with the story from here. When should the post natal period start? I was teaching you a little bit about this write it like this Gupta Period and Gu Po of Gupta Period After this comes the post Gupta period post Gupta period this is only because I did this I wrote it so that I get more space at the top To write we refer to the post Gupta period Here we will divide it into two parts meaning We had just done it, we were looking at one side that Northern Territories in the north of India what was going on and we were looking at each other what was going on in the south of India when I was talking about the North Here we discussed Pushyabhuti Right of Dynasty Pushyabhuti Dynasty Where the discussion took place, that was Harshvardhan Rajyavardhan Prabhakar Vardhan all these things We did it here and when we went to the South We were talking so here I told you It was told that when the rule of Bhaiya Vansh ended that means when this confluence age is here, it happens when this confluence age ends In the South, you get to see a lot of black I have told you here in Ka Rule Kal Bharaser But it was discussed from 300 AD to 550 The rule is that the time is filled up till around the heel Let's cover the period from 300 AD to 550 AD The rule here is right call Who comes here in the South after Bhaara then you will see after the time is over here you will see Whatever you will get in South, that is Pallavas now sir Had I heard anything else about Pallavas What did you hear, let me tell you once again I am writing it here once again I write here See who became what here Pallavas became is that right Pallavas now remember that Pallavas It was only the Pallavas who were these seven Vehicles were furry trees right what did i do It was told that when the Satavahanas were on their own If we expand this then the area of Pallavas Let's capture it too and Pallavas Brother, let's give it to him to rule Pallawas they are kind of footy right And when Pallavas' sorry when seven vehicles If there is decline then Pallavas will save itself while taking it i remembered it right and yes sir i remembered it if went basically so basically just minute so who was this Pallavas of saatvan who was this were foot the are you who are they foot the are meaning Bhaiya Satvahan ruled the area Pallava. You were saying which one was from Tonda Mandalam then write this in the area of die mandalam I will give it to you so that you can take it and take it mandalam so at this place you will see that here The Pallavas were ruling and Satwan opposed this I had given the area to him that brother you are what do you do here, rule but when Seventh, let's decline one thing Look carefully when the seventh one declines so who comes here, they come Waka Taka Waka takaz right kya waka taka ab ma waka taka seven vehicles have arrived in place of the one in which Vakaka came when Satavahanas were ruling I asked this question at that time as well Pallava will not become a footsoldier of Waka Taka Why when Satavahanas declined then the Pallavas has declared himself independent okay so the story of waka taka Waka Taka is different where they are ruling If you look there, then who came after that? After the walk-taka you will see who is there I will meet you at that place You will meet please note Chalukyas Who will get Chalukyas, it is clear now Where are these Chalukyas from? Chalukyas of Remember Vataapi, this is what we call it Chalukyas of Badami or Chalukyas of Vataapi right and I told you this one This is going to be a fight, this is going to be a conflict I have told you about this conflete had discussed about this rivalry I discussed this with you here Ant In the history which is about Pallavas and Chalukyas The location of both is in the middle I know very well that the Deccan area is There were Chalukyas Chalukyas of Vatapi Chalukyas of Badami whatever you say is fine But the Chalukyas were different from the Eastern Chalukyas it's in Vengi on the eastern coast and India is fine, then Chalukyas and Don't get confused with Vengi, I will make it too I will show you the diagram right then Chalukyas and of the Vatapis or Chalukyas and Badamis The conflict that is going on with the Pallavas You won't find Pallavas in the Deep South See you a little bit above the Deep South okay no that means kaal bhara ka l end is deep south In the Deep South where the black folks rule where all these people were then this Kal Bharaj was already ruling the area but you You will see that era where the rule ends it is above it, meaning a little above the area If there were Pallavas, then below and below the Pallava's place. Pallavas come here, rule is clear So till here your story is clear When I ended my last lecture, I mean ancient history, there I I had told you that after Chalukyas brother you will find out who came here brother came here Their last ruler was Kirti Varman Two The last ruler of these people was Kirthi Varman two and Kirthi Varman two which is he attacks who do they attack on the danti fort but of the kingdom Rulers of Rashtrakuta Ruler The ruler of Rashtrakuta is at Danti fort right? And Danti Durg wins here meaning Kirti Van attacks the worm and defeats itself let's go Lost and here it wins Danti Durga Danti Durg which is in Rajkot Now let's establish a direst This The story of Rajkumar from Northern India I have told you that in the chapter of Medieval History. Raj Kota Raj was discussed in number two Kuta is where they rule down in the south who will come here after that please note please do it now the story is important here Who were the people who sat on the throne later? please note this is your western Chalukyas These are your Western Chalukyas and who are these western chalukyas These almond shaped ones are not the ones with batapi, this is ok Are these Western Chalukyas different? yes please note western chalukyas These are different ones now you will see further that when When it comes to Pallavas then Pallavas means It happened here, this body was done and then it Kaal Bharaj's rule came and then Pallavas came The rule that started here after Pallavas we do it, it is said that it means this It is not very clear out there, I said so It is said that the Cholas were the followers of the Pallavas. But this is the same Chola that was here No, historians are very clear about this. I couldn't confirm it yet but it is here It can certainly be said that after Pallavas, Chola came and captured Rayu's area These were the same Cholas which later became Imperial If you become a chola then it is basically a pallavas Afterwards, whatever rule will be there, it will be there But Imperial Chaula is fine We will discuss about this here today. This chapter is all about this I will talk about Imperial Chaula So when Imperial Chowla will come then Imperial Obviously you can see that these Who will the conflict be with? One Western Chalukyas and obviously their Conflict now see who Chera's side is with We are with you because it's not like that, the face will end It's done brother, I will rule a little bit okay there the Chera's done and then after that In addition Pandya because how little it was left Sir what do you mean by saying hey brother Chola Chera Pandya was ruling when the times Baras's rule came to an end Baras's rule once But it ended and when it ended there who came brother kaal bhara kaal bharaaj where were you Pallavas did not come there, Pallavas is up there But when the rule of Kaal Bharaj ended then These powers have regained their power from these kingdom in these territories or in these Dynasties regain their power When I started, I found Chera and Pandya But the point about Chaula is here outra Italy It cannot be said that this was the same Chaula who You are seeing it here, right? We go and give us this chola The furore of the Pallavas remained their furore This may be fine, now the Chaula who was here One thing is certain that this is the robe that will be they go and become Imperial Chola and in these Conflict of Cholas with Western Chalukyas with ... but it happens this is the main point of The discussion we have to do today is about diagrams You guys please make a lot here This is an important diagram. Okay, now let's Let's take the story a bit further here. Take a screenshot of it, whatever you want to do okay do it now just listen to me further Listen carefully, you will make a map here I am giving you that map too if you want it can you follow a little bit, can you make it yes ok now let's take a look at this Your Sri Lanka is fine and here you will find some You will get to see some territories here, okay you'll get Sumatra Java is okay here you will find Malaya peninsula here you will get Malayan Pennines sula okay this is what you are seeing this is Sumatra Sumatra this is Java so basically you will see what is here The scenario is going on this is your Sri Lanka you note now okay now let's see this on this Look, okay, you can look at it a little bit like this made of take this one you are looking at kingdom This is the Kingdom off this is your western chalukyas Now Western Chalukyas are here So your first wish was here again After your Satavahana, Vaka came, right? Pallavas were ruling here but Samar was ruling here They form the area of Tha Mandalam, Pallavas Phat Chola Chera Pandya here in the Deep South were okay now just understand that this one is went weston driver this is the area this I Your Eastern Chalukyas It was within the Eastern Chalukyas and Easton the driver off vi vangi is it ok and this is what you are seeing there is a big area now this is the entire Chola, this is the entire period you are watching, Chola what is it okay now but keep in mind this is that what was there in this here that this which you are you seeing this this some this is cherry this is it was Chera's, right? You'll see it later. that this portion is for example I am taking an example and then after that take something like this you are ok Is ok yes so this is the area you are seeing here this is of Chera okay this one which area you are viewing this is Pandya Pandya and his capital is here Madhurai Their capital is right here in Madhurai and this what you are seeing this is the area of You will find the chola here chola is ok na ok chola is important please make it once please make one Okay, you understand the meaning of the first one. I am coming this was my first but I What did you tell me who will be here after brother Chalas? Brother, look here comes Pallavas after Pallavas Who came to Pallavas where Kaal was ruling Bharaj has come, after Kaal Bharaj Pallavas has come After Pallavas you can see that brother If Imperial Chaula comes here then this Imperial Whatever is there in place of chowla gets made later, it's ok It will not be made here now, it will be made later So I'm going to share a little bit about it here But I will remove it from here right now. I'll just remove it from here okay and this You can mention the area here. you may be that this is the area of Pallavas okay up here you can see you will meet me here Pallavas is the capital of the Pallavas Kanchipuram Kanchipuram, let's go a little more from here I will tell you further, please listen carefully now again what happened was that this area which you You see this is your straight off Malaka this is your strait of Malacca Now the Chola who became umpire here was Chola The umpire used to trade with them Sorry, that means they can use its root from here. I used to do this and coming from here through this route this used to go up here here and here You will get it going forward China is such a big deal in trading with China If a particular route was used It is obvious that the umpire here was Which umpire is this chapter When I taught number one member, I told you that the umpire here was Mr. Vija umpire shri vija umpire yaad say yes or no, do you remember or not See how important chapter one was Shri Vijay Umpire's discussion took place there It was there and it is written here, it is clear Hopeful talk has happened till here If it is clear then we have to understand something Roughly speaking, brother here first What was the situation? These were the Pallavas, these were the Pandyas These are Cheras, these are Western Chalukyas These are Eastern Chalukyas of Vangi, right? something like this is being made here and Along with this you will also be able to visit Sri Lanka here. along with that make a Maldives down here This is why I'm making you all this Because right now everything is being eaten at these places. There will be games in all the places I have created Everybody play, games will be played in all these places, okay And the whole game is between Rajaraja forest and Rajendra forest gonna do it okay i hope this diagram it is very clear please make it once Okay, let's move ahead, now here we will talk about will do that Imperial Chaula's here what was the extent what was the extent where to what extent were they ruling here let's see please give the heading please give the heading chola and inke We are going to talk about extent, meaning This chola will be made by ruling from where to where Let's write it down here first of all Look, I am talking to you here in South India now means South India here I didn't say Deep South yet. He said South India means you will see this that this capture was also done to the Eastern Chalukyas we will do something like this with them If it is okay then we will make a matrimonial alliance Here we are talking about South India. South India that along with it you will find it deep I am also adding South here: Deep South means Chola Chera Pandya Chella Chera and Let's capture Pandya's area as well Okay, apart from that, their next area where the ruling class became one Andhra now look these people are on Andhra too had been captured and along with them these people Bengal was also captured, so much you're going to see a big territory where But these chola guys are doing it right After that when you talk about foreign countries I'll do it in the list, I just wrote it to you Sri Lanka was already doing this with Sri Lanka These people are doing this in Maldives also ok the maldives was captured apart from that Then you will see that South East Asian Nations were captured by the South East Nations which they captured them here okay and which ones did you like You know, Sumatra, I told you, Java Everything went well except for this please note some parts Part Some Parts Now in South East Nation Write it down here Malaya I showed you as much area as the peninsula Also you can write it down here Sumatra Sumatra Also write it down here you can go to these places it is fine here But this was captured some parts of which Off Burma is ok plus Thailand Chola captured some parts of this as well You see how much the umpire of Chola did I am extending this too much if I come to the diagram first then you can just C how big is the area brother sahab brother this Look at the entire area, this, this, this, brother Bengal It became Bengal, here Bengal becomes Andhra You must be understanding this, right? this is ok then after this capture this as well It has happened to Maldives, it has happened to Sri Lanka They had captured it as well Imperial Chola then all these things were captured All this was captured and there was a time when it was like this that whenever this was captured and this yours is here you will find it here Burma is okay Burma is here below you'll find Thailand okay so now When some of their area was also captured This is all fine, all this was captured Look how big an area it has captured From where to where have you captured them From where can you see the boundary Till where can the boundary be seen? This is showing how big Chola has become created an empire and that is why later they Called Imperial Chola, now in the full story The discussion should be about how Chowla grew his power slowly This is the only story and nothing else not much ok what's the story Simply how did Bhai Chola come here first You haven't even got Sir Chola written here yet Chera here pandey here pallavas ok who Now how can Chaula be seen here now see how the story It starts, understand what I told you Told that these must have been the furies of Pallavas So Pallavas were here so what is it now Now understand that the story starts from here. It happens next, we are moving on from here So you wrote this extent here hopefully okay you must have taken the extent here You must have written it, okay, now let's move on and here's one I'll show you now One made in NCERT One made in NCERT one happened the diagram is ok now please explain what I am saying listen again very carefully okay Look here you can see it the hook is ok here you can see the job is ok Then that is like your Chola Kingdom very much Actually this 1200 of 1200 is later If it's Eddie's, this diagram won't work. So it is when the Chola Kingdom completed Occupied look this is the whole of sri lanka this is the whole if he is sitting there doing oopa then this is from 1200 A.D. there are diagrams around but none i You can make a diagram here to tell the difference okay i'll give it to you now take a look here Please make another diagram for yourself the better understanding ok something like this If the map goes up and down a little bit somewhere so please for that People should not say that sir I did this and do that It's okay if it happens a little bit So that's me ok let's go anyway okay now let's go over things here again Understand See how it starts and understand See how it starts and understand look what did i just told you this one which is here Capitals of the Pallavas and the Pallavas kanchipuram right kanchipuram okay then its after you see this is Chera Chera this is Pandya kingdom Of Pandya Capital How did Madurai start? Chaula is telling yes you will see here there is a river Tung Bhadra sorry sorry sorry Tung Bhadra to Not here, Tunga Bhadra will come up as a river Is krishna is ok hey let's go Look anyway look here this is what you see you are seeing this point here Used to be Tanjore this is your Tanjore in Tanjore at that time A dynasty was ruling here which was called they say this they say mu Muras This Mursa dynasty was ruling here which is called Tanjore, right Tanjore's These people were ruling the area but now What happened here is that the Chola king who was his Becomes the founder whose name was Vijla Please Note Now the Chola king will do it here hai chola ruler or chola king his name was Vijla so what do Vijla do attacks vijla attacks whom tanjor and defeats Who defeats whom does Mataya defeat giving yes ok and Stubs ablish chola umpire and thus chola This is a basic foundation on which the umpire is based this is the thing here you guys remember it first Keep this in mind, you just have to understand this first, okay Alright brother, this is all you need to understand here. Mainly this is just another fury of the Pallavas The trees were matar ars like the one of the Pallavas It is being said that the chola is useless Imperial Chola was like their footry Mut Yars Matar Yars who is Tanjore What were they doing here to rule Tanjore so what happened here that the Chola King Who did the Vijla attack? Descend upon this dynasty of Tanjore on Ars and defeated them and went to Tanjore and established his It has been established here This is an important thing, please take note Establish yourself in Thanjavur okay so here first I'll give you a I have not understood this thing this time, then further just see okay but first i'll give you an outline I will tell you what kind of kings they had Let us first make a diagram of this Well this is important and quite understandable from this diagram. Things will become quite clear from this diagram let's make things clear Come let's see first look here I am writing, please write here first. Vizla Vizla Vizla I Basically The The founder is fine, after that the rulers that come take note Aditya note the rulers that come after that please do it but Note the rulers that come after that Please tell us about Rajaraja Pratham mainly You have to read the rulers that come after that, note them Do it Rajendra first and then these Grandsons sit on the throne, their names His name was Kutung, please note it down Forest Kulut one kuttung first ok after that whatever car just sit Vaj Kutung Seconds Total Tunga second and then the third one after that whoever sits on the throne later he is third last and his name is judge and his name is Write, Rajendra will write Rajendra will write Th first you have to understand the outline, this is it The outline of the Chola King was first presented to Vijla Jo Their founder was Aditya Than Aditya Theek okay then after that but's first then Rajaraja I Rajendra I Kulo Tongaat Kolonga First Kolonga Second and Then Rajendra S now just a few things from here should I start turning it on? Told what Vijla had done Vijla what did you do, let's write it down here I was attacked Mur mutt ars is fine and they are here defeated was defeated Write them like this, not defeat Muthiya or else You will get confused Atak Muthiya and defeat them write it like this and when they Defeated Write Ahead Chola ablish them Sales at Tanjore First Point cleared first point is clear ok this is for you here But one must keep in mind Vijla Founder I Vizla Attacked Mut Ars Mut Ars He was living in Tanjore, there One of the Pallavas was attacked by Chola I gave them my accomplishments in Tanjore I did this, this was the main achievement here, Vijla After that we come to Aditya for this Aditya Aditya sits on the throne after that that now he is the ruler of Pallava i.e. Who had the courage to defeat the ruler of Pallava, Apita? please give me a note Do attacked attacked whom khaga Pallava Ruler Pallava Ruler Aparajita and what happens is that Pallavas' capture the territory ok take note please will capture territory territorial areas Off Pallava Captured Territorial Areas Off Pallavas okay now let's go back to this Let's go to the diagram and see what happened what happened just look at him carefully brother This person here in Thanjavur came and sat down okay This was Tanjore Mutiyar, now here is Tanjore P Where ever I come I will use the blue pen it will be done ok now They are over and in their place Chola has come on Ya okay now what chola did was that first of all So whose work is this? their founder's After this I took over the throne of Vijla Aditya's son sat down, so what did Aditya do? The Pallava king was defeated here What was the name of the Pallava king at that time Aparajita Aparajita defeated them and After defeating this whole area here Just now these people were here, Chola was here, now this is complete I picked up the area of Chola okay maybe a little diagram It may be up or down but you must understand this thing here I should understand this thing ok The territory of Pallavas has come now He took it under him here okay Now their confidence is increasing It is Chalas's wish that brother Tanjore has been captured and after that now look at this territory After that capture all these things Lee all these things got captured It looked okay so now there is such a large area Now he had become a chalas here So now whose turn is it Pandeys what did the next par do about it I will write the story for you on the next slide. I will give you, please write it here on the right side First, when the king sits on the throne, then what? what happened first is ok but first now he is defeated The please dekhiyega defeated Pandiya ruler india ruler and captured It defeated and captured Paranika now You don't have to pay attention to this further in the story how did you defeat him, what did you do, okay brother what happened here what did parnika do Defeated and captured Pandya rulers Who has captured whom Madurai who brother Madurai That was their capital, Pandya Madurai I have captured their power and here now the power which was there was called as the Great He was also called the Great Builder here. of temples please note please do it cold Ace Great Builders Great Builder of the temples are fine as well as there's one here there is a temple here sorry there is a temple here Where is the temple Nataraja Temple in Chidambaram There is a temple Nataraj where is this temple where is this chitambar Chidan Temple This temple is located in Chithambur He had provided a plane Provided Vimana Vimana means the portion which is protruding upwards The one in the temple is golden and that too is golden very important golden rule write this You can see this as a huge contribution here. It's ok Parnika defeated Pandya Rulersongs okay and it seemed like brother here now Chaula's power will not stop and look at Chaula we are moving forward slowly remember you Chalas is coming here earlier there was an empty one This place was only in Thanjavur but now How can he expand himself from here? have been in such a large area and here we have gone ok but here we are now He was a prince, which means that here earlier there was a prince The umpire was Raj Kutt before this driver okay here it is here Raccoons take note of this please right ahead but but what happened now that Rashtrakuta prince isn't it punk first and punk first but this what do you do by attacking What will be the outcome of this particular attack? comes What is the outcome of this particular attack? what comes the outcome there are two things here First they will give the outcome of two things First will come which was Kanchipuram i.e. the Now Chaula's hands had come into his hands I remember the capture of Kanchipuram Pallavas He had done it in Kanchipuram and the They had their own capital where they first you were settled These are the people who first know both of them, we plunder it, we plunder it plundered is fine and the other outcome is that it comes out What happened was that when the brother saw that prince Independent Pandya himself Independents declare it clear till here everything is ok i.e. about the chola The power again gets reduced here Now it seems that the cholas are over once and for all Chola who was expanding the market Establish yourself in Tanjore did and then after that they were seen The Pallavas have been defeated by their king Aditya He who is there defeated them, who is their king Apaar Jata defeated him and killed the Pallavas captured Kanchipuram Then came Pandya's turn but what is it He has defeated Pandya's ruler and Then Pandya captured Madurai The whole atmosphere that was being created here That Chola atmosphere is amazing here it looked like it was being made but rajak rajak which This is the king of Kota, he was King Krishna Attacked here and taunted by attacking here But the Chola king was defeated what happened by defeating that this There was a whole area, all of this went away from here Everything has gone out of hand, okay I hope so You people must be able to understand it well ok i'm not deleting it now Just this one, I will make it red, red Or whom should I do it with? I do it with Blue that this area Is he goes away again it is lost clear till here the story is clear Now who will sit on the throne, King Raja Pratham? The game starts from here on From there to here it seems that the Chola The power is here and now it is over There is nothing left Chola, I should make its pen a little thinner S Chola Power Declined Chola's Power Filled Decline It goes away but gives back the power everyday Touk 40 Yours to Regain Power It takes them 40 years to regain power and why did this power reignite why did power reignite There were two regions where this could happen It's important, right? Chola Reign Power is like this Write down the power decline, write it down like this Give Reign Power after 40 years and what was the why region why power how can their reign be There were two important reasons for this important region let's go first What is the important reason for power regain that the Raj Kuta dynasty which He had destroyed Chaula, now he is a Rajput The dynasty was over, the first reason was that the secret of regan Dynasty Princes The dynasty declined and it ended and the second rajaraja first came to power Rajaraja Forest came to power he would sit on the throne here It is a big one [Appreciation] Motivational first please give the heading raj raj Firstly, now there is a big issue in your NCERT Here it is in Scattered Way, right but still i will try here can I explain it to you better now We give you things here at Rajaraja Patham we will read first and second method first The steps which you will see here are We will see what the domestic steps were Its domestic steps are ok and secondly he has What steps did you take abroad? Chola Umpire to Expand Steps What did you do to expand it? First of all, we will talk about domestic steps here. We will talk about foreign steps, maybe Let me tell you right here, let's You can make the diagram here very This is important, we are going to talk about What are the domestic steps here? Step number one was taken now one by one Rajaraja Pratham who is there will defeat everyone Chera Pandya is fine, then whatever happens after that Above Pandya he was the one with Chera caper was where you would see today's Masor first please write the area that Chera King The Bhaskar Ravi Bhaskar Ravi was the Varman Chera King Varman Bhaskar Ravi Varman, whoever has it, defeats them first ok so Chera King Bhaskar Ravivarman is defeated So basically the area of Chera is defeated and Rajaraja comes in Patham's hand please take note please take note do it okay now what you have to keep in mind here that the attack that was made was a naval There was an attack, right? So write it here as well. Take that Rajaraja First Rajaraja First a naval attack was made on them had a navel stuck on it okay To whom this number had lost here Two Next Pandya at Pandya's place Ruler Pandya King beat him too Please defeated Diya Pandya King as well Please note that Pandya King is defeated, it's ok what was his name amar cobra Ambra Amber Janga defeated them too, okay please note Tax Here you go, Ambra Bhujanga defeated them again After that whose turn came next see now what is happening once again this look at the territory now what happened that this You are seeing the blue line again this is their It's under control okay and now together Now it happened that brother Chera also came under him Now this portion has also come under them so okay this is what someware comes inside Now the story that was there was a story about this where around here you will see that it means this Ofcourse I haven't drawn the diagram very correctly It is made ok but roughly here but what are we talking about okay here here is yours myser kingdom here This is your Masor Kingdom we are talking about and also the Masor Kingdom which is here He captures it, okay so write third Take it for granted that Masor region is Territories also occupied note Masor Territory Occupied Masor Territories Occupied this too is occupied After that important Rajraj Fars gave what did a matrimonial lines do a With whom did you make a matrimonial alliance With Eastern Chalukyas Chalukyas We Eastern Chalukyas of V and who was the daughter of Rajaraja I here She was married to a son of Eastern Chalukyas And what happened to the Prince of Wangi that both of them have now come here together were please note please take note take it ok ok do one thing, do it again Write here its next point First you will take it in a different way Write point number D first, we will talk Western Chalukyas of Western Chalukyas Now the Western Chalukyas had come and Western Chalukyas were a major competitor So Western Chalukyas were defeated first ok defeat the western chalukyas He gave it to the Western Chalukyas After fighting the battle who is now in a state of robes and The territory among the Western Chalukyas was was it defined? Bhadra Tung Bhadra River Tung Bhadra River become the Territory between between Cholas and Western Chalukyas This place in between them had now become a territory okay this is point number four of this besides point number five here is what He first sent the Eastern driver Kyas I defeated him and made him my footry point number e point number e defeated Eastern Chalukya will first write Eastern Defeated Eastern Chalukyas Chalukyas ok defeated eastern chalukyas and plus Then make a matrimonial alliance with them Then I made a matrimonial alliance with them took So what happened to the matrimonial line that brother Who is the daughter of Chola King Rajaraja I ok note please do it Rajaraja First Daughter Married to Whom Married to Eastern From Vimal Aditya, King of Chalukyas to Vimal Aditya Vimla Aditya ok this is your eastern He was a Chalukya king, she got him married to this In this way Rajarajapatham has established his Expansion was done here within these countries So basically now you will see that here the whole Eastern this what you are seeing this whole this area is western eastern There was an area of Chalukyas here as well You will see the Western Chalukyas' Western In Chalukyas Til Tunga Bhadra is fine T Till Tung Bhadra what is here A boundary was formed between them that brother Tung will come till Madhara, now this is very difficult there is no diagram not very p diagram i I will write not At The diagram is correct, you must keep this in mind You don't have to understand this exactly, but roughly basically what i am trying to explain to you I am telling you this is okay but yes this one This area was also captured ok, i captured this area as well and all this is now under the control of You can see how big the area is, Chaula This was captured inside India, now with Captured half of Sri Lanka's area in just one go will take Rajaraja I and who was the king here mahindra f ok mahindra f he migrated Let's do it in the South, okay this is one thing Keep in mind that Mahendra F would have been the king here Mahendra F was the king and he migrated we go to south of sri lanka is ok in south sri lanka would have migrated to the South, not of the South migrate to Sri Lanka and And the Maldives is also above it capturing is done ok maldives also gets captured here then if If we talk about foreign steps then here There were two steps which were taken and this is also mentioned here But you guys do it so that you get the full blue It starts to look blue so that you realize that yes how big is the area here But look how he is maintaining his body The power here is increasing How is the power of Chola here It's increasing ok now take a look Let's move on, this is what happened with Rajaraja Patham Now about to sit on the throne after this Rajendra Pratham Let's go next now understand When Rajendra I ascended the throne No, when Rajendra When the first one sat on the throne, the people said that Brother it is very small right now The one who will take over the reign and Rajendra Pathangal revolts had started to happen started revolt Started means the areas which are captured till now Was this done by Rajaraja Pratham or by Chola? Were coming under, now revolt has started there It happened but Rajendra Fors subsided all The subside of all revolt Here they subsidize, now how do they do that I understand this thing but one One thing to keep in mind is that everybody revolt kya revolt started Accepted by Eastern Chalukyas why did not I do it because brother Eastern what happened with the Chalukyas These people were a matrimonial alliance, right? Why would we do that, hey the girl had left her in-laws If it had happened then it was from the side of Eastern Chalukyas Any kind of revolt is to be seen here If it is not available then what did Rajendra I do? did you subside all the revolts here Now how he did this, we tell you the story here. If you want to discuss again then brother Rajra Pratham Things had become so meaningful in that time Now Rajendra Pratham who is It will consolidate and make it strong here. will make it ok yes it is ok, now see Rajendra Patham What did you do? You have to write the same thing here. There is nothing to be done, there are four important things Things you should know here First Rajendra I destroyed one of them and then Sri Lanka captured the whole hole sri lanka It was captured and the chapter of Mahendra F itself it's over okay except when revolt People started becoming free again If he does it, brother he Chera End Pandya, give them back their territory recapture from I took them and recaptured them again Apart from Western Chalukyas Who were the rulers of Western Chalukyas Joe Ruler who were the rulers of the Western Chalukyas Jaya Singha was revolting, right? to Jaya Singha, he defeated him as well and The whole revolt was stopped here and also who are here Eastern Chalukyas had a matrimonial alliance with Another Easton driver's Sath One More Matrimonial Lines One and Matrimonial Lines Here It is fine with the Eastern Chalukyas And its further relations are Eastern Chalukyas and Cholas became stronger okay so keep this thing in mind Now keep Rajendra here apart from this Pratham said after this after this please note Do it South East Countries Joe were right there with Mr Vijja The umpire was Mr. Vijay. Remember the umpire Mr. What did Visa umpire do that he defeated the first what did you do after defeating the thing made it its own Footry Made it fury tree so what was happening till now Please understand what has been happening till now I was telling you about this diagram here. What was happening here was that whenever Chola was If they had to trade with China, they I had to go through this particular route and when he left from here, give it to him Who had to pay toll here for this Shri Vija If the umpire is okay with it, then it's a problem If that was the case then what did Chola do to him? I went and defeated Shri Vija Mr. Vija made umpire his footry So what will you give us here, money? you will keep paying tribute and this He made the path easy for himself okay that's why I said brother be off Bengal is being converted into a lake If it goes then this line comes in NCERT It's not like I got it from somewhere else It is directly included in NCERT. don't you keep in mind that this Bay of Bengal is a Aati this line was converted like a lake She writes it down, okay, so here like this The South East Asian Nations are listed here I had captured it, okay, last very It is important and I am writing about it separately. and here is a reply to that The expedition was called the North Expedition and In the North Expedition he crossed the Ganges River had crossed Crossed Ganga River and Crossed Ganga River who were brought up by rulers the one who was the ruler was his name Mahipal Mahipal first beat him here Diya Defeated defeated and he took the title of touk the Title of Please Note Ganges Ganges Konda Gangai Konda please note here took the title Gaya hi tore the title of Ganga Konda Cholapuram itself is the title that means it who made Ganga the upper area of Ganga I have won it okay as well here I am He also established a city, its name is Its name was Sem, it was similar to this Ablish The City Ganga Ganga Konda Chola puram ok gangai kondam was the title taken Gangai Kondam, you have written the name of the city Gangai Kondam was the title taking and Ganga Conda cholapuram this was the the city is fine along with here in this city There is also an irrigation canal nearby made infact irrigation not canal irrigation tank was made, it is called chola Gangnam built an irrigation tank it is called S Chola Gangam is ok, all this is for our culture I am reading it from the aspect, it's ok Apart from this, a temple was also built here and it is called brihadeshwara temple There is a temple here too which was made Brihadeshvara will speak Temple Brihadeshwara Temple okay okay we also know this S Raj Rajeshwar Raj Rajeshwara Temple ok where was this temple built Tanjore I will please note where this temple was built Thanjavur I'm okay, well now there's one more thing, There were other titles here, all of them If you want you can write titles in Rajendra Van Take a look at what titles were taken here ok you already know the title took Ganges Podum is a place in the Malaya Peninsula what is his name I always check the correct name spelling His name is Kadram Kandam please note If you sing the name of Kadram then you should also keep this under you If you took it then what happened here? Kodam this also became a title, then after that And there are two titles, one is Pandito Chola and the twisted condom became one Twisted Condoms are one Gaya Pandits Cholam these were their titles which were Raj Rajendra who was first took it, it's ok So these are all the things that you will find good This is very important to remember here there are things and write it down let's come now yes we guys this is done for you after this and more rulersongs okay after this the king who was Kulut first isn't it some parts of the chola during his time the territory goes away and then whatever happens after that Raja came and then finally Chola Umpire left This is how Imperial Chola is If they decline then they will be called Imperial They used to say Chola only because so many They occupied a large area here It was kept, you can see here how much It was a large area, how large was the area that this sitting by capturing were ok i hope this is all you can think about You must have understood it well, it is clear Now let us discuss here what That will be the topic of our next discussion What is local self government and then we Cultural talk here, cultural talk here If we do then we will do things in local self government Let's understand how things are going This is simple, let's go here. Administration Fifth note of musical scale Administration Okay, now let's look at things First understand here, first see Who will come up to the King to complete the matter? There is an empire, okay, and this is the king's empire. was it divided into four provinces or Then we call it Mandala or Mandalam mandal mandalam is ok what all comes under it Nadu but there are many more Nadus also which are there please note what happened Nadu Wala nadu okay and what was underneath it nadu so Nadu was the basic unit Administration This question has been asked many times, basic Unit of Administration what happened nadu ok no please note it then after that nadu which what was beneath it there were numbers beneath it of villages number of villages these are the villages in these villages A lot of committees the village committee in villages okay here comes two out one what is your ur ch is the general I write this in assembly somewhere up top Brother, a committee should come out here there is one ur cha is the general assembly cha is the general The assembly is fine and one is here in the village There was a committee inside which is called a meeting or General Assembly okay now what was this basically This was a committee which had elders the of the brahmin village who would be in it Were The Elders of brahmin villages which brahmin village used to happen where there were Brahmin settlements What do we call these Brahmin villages? These are called forward Hamas Front harm please write this down go to agraharas okay then this village where Write down where brahmin settlements take place Take it where you will find Brahmin settlement they get to see You will basically see the village in this committee These Brahmins were the elders in the Mahasabha Willes's okay so is the gathering of the adults. Adult men you can write such a gathering of the adult Man Gathering of Gathering of Gathering of Adult Man gathering of adults Man of brahmin villages understands this even when I came then the whole Chola empire was The empire was divided into four provinces Mandalam The Nadu which used to come under it, comes back again nadu which is the basic unit of the There are many administration departments under him. There were villages, you would find committees in those villages One of the committees which was the General Assembly and then below that we will meet together is the tabha or sabha in which you are an adult Members of Brahmin villages used to meet Those Brahmin Villages of Brahmin Settlement Or what do we call the Brahmin settlement? It is said that Agras says these few things Here are the things you must remember If it is clear then from the administration's angle If you look at some portions very centrally There were quite a few admins here There were areas in Chola Umpire that There are centrally administered and some such which were loosely administered Loosely administered here were clear Let us note this first, it is ok now After this whoever was the king of Chola here Please note that here the king of Chola hota tha he was established by council of ministers council of ministers okay No, this is one thing that happened now apart from this Plus they had a very large naval army too They also had a very large naval army. okay keep this thing in mind because It used to dominate a lot on the Coromandel Coast and the Malabar Coast and beyond the army that they had the army that they had It was a normal army, it had three Lims The Three Lims Were Elephant elephant Caval and These three were called infantry Together they were called Three Limes Three Lims of army please note that three Lims of If the army is fine then keep remembering this thing How is the administration working this way and who is the king to assist him The Council of Ministers will appoint the King as its Its forces are also here, we are the army If you talk about their army then you will also talk about the army Look, if there is a naval army as well as land The army was also here with them, okay now there are other things besides this that it was also said that the bodyguards Meaning, generally what would happen to the king There should have been bodyguards with him, okay? The king used to keep bodyguards and it was said that that if the king died then the bodyguards I too used to get so jealous of that worry that I used to get so jealous His devotion was such that he would even sacrifice his life it's for the king okay now it can happen There is an Ejaz Mason Marco Polo is an incident If we tell about it then it is believed that Marcopolo is saying that this happens It seemed that the bodyguards would burn themselves If it was there then it is possible that he also did exam ok then focus on its administration I want to keep in mind that there were a lot of grants brother If it is okay with temples and brahmins then here But note one more thing Write Grands Hote were or write it in the next slide who are the grands here Who are the grands getting temple What does this have to do with the temples and the Brahmins? What happened to land under cultivation increase The land under cultivation has increased here And when the land under cultivation increases then Obviously taxes were also increased here if you go then what did Chola do Let us first look at their revenue income See how their first thing is being made There was a very strong network of Royal Roads here network of Very good off road The Network of Royal Row Also you will see that it is very nice Irrigation Services The irrigation services are very good here but okay other than that you'll see Apart from this you will see yes now apart from this land Tax was being collected, so was land tax It was being recovered plus now as I Where is toll tax, then toll tax collection started in addition to the toll tax which is paid were bringing victory by plundering That was also their medium in the fight Toll tax of their income is also mentioned here But there is one more thing at this tax on Professionals Tax on Professionals They will also start levying taxes here. it was done okay so it's done And then after that there is one more feature that is I have read about local self government I have told you girl that is what is yours Ur End General Assembly you already discussed about this I have done it okay so this one here this one There used to be Mahasabhas in villages, right? Now this What power did those who were leading can be seen here Let's discuss, what was their power? and we will discuss it here Come on, it's almost over now there is no more left please give the ding aagraha please give the Look at the heading, we can't leave anything behind, friend So I will give you a discussion on each and every thing I am doing it, right, because today you are watching yes take a good look at this and read it completely today I couldn't read it, no problem, read it again it is ok to take it so basically this was the land what were these these were settlements here What were Brahmin settlements This is Brahmin Settlement and these settlements used to happen mostly you You will see that most of the land was tax free land was sorry rent free land most of the land was rented free most of the Land was rent free ok most of the land was About Agras with Rent Free Now It should also be kept in mind that they have a lot of autonomy There used to be great autonomy in these villages There was a lot of autonomy, this is also a point Remember, apart from this there is a village in Agras Affairs which were Executive Council which were managed by the Agras Village Affairs Hote the village Manage Affairs By Manage By Executive Council Executive Council is now Executive Council Several committees were formed here and Now write down who would have been involved in this In the Executive Council, you will find Educated persons will be available Educated Person Owning property owned by is ver Those selected are selected here was and they had to resign every year or change every three years It used to be okay and in fact not selected These were elected, elected but Sir How will the election be conducted? Idar either someone or the other used to come out Lords brother, I got all the names, I picked one up so that man who is this particular Executive Council member is fine is here by drawing Lots and rotation and the tenure of these people that was three years old, after every three years they I had to change what I had and change myself Other people here had to resign If they had come, then only Agra's system would have worked here tha plus now apart from this there are other there were committees Now what is the work of these other committees? Their job is to maintain examples Law and order maintaining law and order in addition And are there any committees, for example, any If there is a policy, it is written here has been helping in assessing a collection of Also write down the land revenue Helping in assessment of assessment of land revenue and obviously plus collection also collect okay to do it in addition plus a committee and this is called a tank committee tank committee what is its function that Helps in water distribution They used to help in water distribution There used to be a tank committee as well to decide how much tank water should be given ok right this thing happened to your agarsa then Basically the previous thing has been done now I held the general assembly here what general assembly was held What powers were there here, also tell us here Let's mention what all about the general assembly If he had the powers he could have mentioned it here too Let's go first The point is that you have to mug up all these things a little bit it will be necessary, what is the fact, okay now like their First Power This New Land Distributor Can the koo district Bute New Lands It was up to them that brother you had bought new land The distributor gave it to the Brahmin here gave it there gave it ok plus kud Exercise Could Exercise Ownership Rights Ownership Rights Can Be Exercised these people were ours okay right point number c point number c could raise loans for villages could Rage Loans for Villages Loans Raise for Villages could do it and it's important brother This tax could also be levied if taxes are levied All these powers of the General Assembly were here now We come next and the last portion that is the The culture is ok There isn't much left in it now but Still, there are so many things to write to you there are so many things to write down okay okay let's see first of all we have chola If we study about culture then we will find temples Reading about architecture which is basically what we will see then we When people read art and culture, there We will discuss this also but do it here If you take it, you will remember it immediately that yes this is what we need to do okay let's go Now first of all here in temple architecture Take Kailashnath as an example Temple Kailashnath Where is the Kailashnath Temple located? It is okay in Kanchipuram now we are here People will write something about Kailashnath Temple Kanchipuram is included in NCERT Now see the features of temple architecture first thing is pregnancy Griya now you all know this Garg is the one who is the chief diety of the temple They are kept there in the Chief Diet Place i.e. the temple of the God there is that god, there is that god Please note is kept in the womb pregnancy should be done The planet is fine, right? Then comes the next step, brother. There used to be this temple, you will see the number of Stories There used to be planes too earlier Write down Vimana, which means whatever you see above. There is a peak while going, that plane went away okay plane then after that number off You will see how many stories there are if so, we will talk about the number of stories which this is a temple it used to be for f to sen stories Five to seven mal K story doesn't mean story Mala is it okay then after that the pavilion in it will get Mandapa Mandapa Now in this Mandap you will find a very Card pillars will be seen This is the place where you will get to see Kavad pillars there used to be The audience would sit and stand and things would when I used to see it then basically it is something like this that brother y suppose this is your plane okay No, the temple's pregnancy happens under this Then further ahead you will find the pavilion here okay there is a temple where people are standing okay and here you will see the pillars you will get a lot of them okay something like this You will get a chance to see temple architecture I made this floor f to san If there are floors then this portion is the mandap It's done and here in the pavilion you will see what Important to note that flat roof was available Flat roof This is how a flat roof is ok When you come to Nagar Nagara in Northern style The School of Architecture is different This meditation of Vishwara is different If you keep it, then pillared halls were labret These pillars will meet and together with you lastly You will see what happened here. Passage is made was for Divty To Go They can go round and round like a brother Suppose here is the passage that goes round about It can be cut exactly like this if you can go round and round then this is something here But this type of thing is their temple The architecture of Chowla remains If it has declined then it is not that Chaula Temple architecture ended after 1000 infact you will see that the Chalukyas of Kalyani who was the temple architecture We will continue and do wholesale Swara Temple are quite prominent after that Isn't it the Chalukyas of Kalyani and Holas? The capital which was Halle But there was a lot of All temple forms are Hosel Vara temple is a good example okay now Apart from this, you will see many other things in culture So here comes your please note please do it Note the sculpture here Sculpture now what is sculpture in sculpture I will get an example Gomtesh SWAT Gomit Savara The statue is fine, it is a symbol of your culture here part happens okay apart from this Apart from this, you will find its what else besides I will get just a Minute Yes To Gomit Gomit Swar Statue At Shravan belagal at shravan [music] belagola ok sculpture will write after this Image Making Images making what will come here first one only one thing will come is Nataraj or else you can write it down nicely Complete dancing figure of shiv dancing You must have seen the figure of save a lot You may have heard it too cold Nataraj okay this is it for image making again After that we will talk about here the about the About the Language the language is the language which is patna She is Sanskritized but a very pallid feature comes out of and what that is and that is that the regional There is huge growth in regional languages Also in languages and regional languages I told you in the beginning three One of the important languages here is Tamil But Tamil Ramayana is also included in this Ramayana is fine then you will get it after that Telugu will also come here in Telugu Mahabharata on Telugu Maha India and then after that it comes here kannada kannada is ok and here in kannada Three you are called James, Three James of Kannada poets Three Gems Off Who are the Canadian poets? Please note. please do it, it is important It is important to note that Pampa Punna and Rana Pampa Punna and Rana if you get tired then stop the video open it again and see but think that sir I don't understand what is going on I am remembering this because there are a lot of fractured things If yes, then I have written it differently according to you. Have you encountered such a problem anywhere in NCERT? you will not get any cash, keep going line by line If so, please write it down, okay Isn't it so, Colonel Literature is enough for him The Raj Kuta gave more importance to the Chalukyas it's ok kannada this particular language okay besides that i told you that what is the age of commun yes if you talk about tamil ramayan then come Ramayana Comes When it is called Ramayana then it classical work is in the tamil literature ok Isn't it classic? in tamil Literature is fine, I hope you liked it okay you must have understood it now except that There is one more thing that brother Fifth and Sixth In the century you will see it in the Tamil Kingdom Nayanas and Alvars used to be Tamil Kingdom What used to happen here from six to nor if we talk about the past century then Here Nyanas and Alvers will meet the nurse and alvers now if you see this then Ver Give where they were the divinity of they were the divinity of shiv devi de ver shiva divati ok and albers's If you talk then give me the truth The Alvars of Vishnu Divti de Ver Vishnu divti de ver vishnu divti ok so nurse And Alvers, now you must know about their work You will get the kind that you will get brother He did a lot of work in Tamil. But the works of those who are service saints Isn't it, collect the ones which are in 11 volumes It has been done in these Tiru Now look at his works Composed in Tamil is fine now the works of these 11 What Works Is Here He gets 11 works and 11 no works Compiled in 11 volumes There are volumes and it is being talked about here yes please see it is important tiru murai tiru murai and this is why I am telling you this important because this is considered as the Meaning not considered looked upon as the Fifth Veda looked upon as the fifth Veda is fine, isn't it? Fifth Veda is not like that. what have you looked like upon d upon Yes, they looked upon this and started understanding it. is it not coming, it is clear it has been cleared it went fine hi ok good this is the telugu version Who started the Mahabharata? Started by: Note this as well as this Started by comes in NCERT nannaya and who completed it who completed it did it complete tuck in Takna toh this is the entity which you will find here You should have known about chapter number three about okay with this our today's This is the lecture and today ends here The lecture ends here so let's go