the goal of this poll goal is to get you and your group members a little bit familiar with this concept of chemical nomenclature nomenclature might be a new word for you but I think that you really know what it means nomenclature is just any system that we use to name things so in chemistry we're gonna focus on how we can take things that may be represented symbolically and then if we know nomenclature we should be able to translate that symbolic formula into a name in this case example is calcium oxide so let's get started to help you out and become more familiar with some simple inorganic rules that we use to name compounds I'm giving you this flow chart and I want you and your group members to work through it and notice a couple of things first notice that you start up here in this top area and essentially what you do is go through each question each question is either yes or no and then notice that as you drill down through the flow chart they're become more and more specific pieces that you need to pay attention to so I think it would be helpful instead of just talking about this with you if I actually work through some examples with you and then you can use those examples to help you solve the popo problems so here's three examples and just for clarity I'm gonna color code them so that when you watch this video you'll know exactly how I follow the flow chart so the first one we see NaCl so the first question that I'm going to follow does the formula begin with hydrogen well you can see that it begins with sodium not hydrogen's the answer's no so we're going to go this direction does it begin with a metal which has more than one oxidation number and for right now you can think of the most common ones are listed here iron nickel copper tin mercury lead cobalt chromium and gold well sodium isn't in that list so it does not begin with a metal that has more than one oxidation number notice that it does begin with the metal those is metal does the formula contain a polyatomic ion I will get to a polyatomic ion here in one of the other examples but the answer right now is no are both elements nonmetals well calcium or sorry sodium is a metal chlorine is a nonmetal so the answer is no so here's the naming name the first element okay sodium then the second element with IDE so what that means is instead of chlorine we're going to call it chloride notice that IM e changes to IDE in this example okay for our next example number two we're gonna do here in red does the formula begin with H well the example in that case is no does it begin with the metal which has more than one oxidation number you know again does the formula contain a polyatomic ion now here's where we see an example of a polyatomic ion I'm gonna underline it here in yellow that Oh H is a polyatomic ion group and it has a particular name so the answer is yes it does contain a polyatomic ion is the polyatomic ion written first well no calcium is first so here's our solution name the first element okay it's calcium and then the polyatomic ion well the name of this particular ion is called hydroxide don't worry about this I'll give you a list of the common polyatomic that you'll encounter in the class okay so so far we've gone through an example in blue where we have a metal and a nonmetal in the example in red where we have a metal with a polyatomic and finally in green we're going to go through one last example and does the formula begin with H the answer's no does it begin with the metal which has more than one oxidation number now notice here you see copper so the answer is yes so the next step name the first element which is copper followed by its oxidation number now to figure out its oxidation number we have to be we have to be kind of tricky because we have to know what the polyatomic charges in this case because elements and polyatomic ions are going to combine so that overall they form a neutral compound and you'll notice that Cu no.3 has no charge listed overall which means whatever charge the copper ion is the nitrate ion that's no.3 must have the opposite charge now metals are always going to be positively charged so if we look it up and we look up nitrate which is no.3 we see that it has a minus 1 charge which means copper has to be equal but opposite or +1 so we denote that by putting a Roman numeral one in parentheses right so we've name the first element followed by its oxidation number as a Roman numeral we're gonna go the next question now does the formula contain a polyatomic ion yes it does is the polyatomic ion written first no name the first element we've already done that then the polyatomic ion and no.3 is called nitrate one last thing I just want to make sure that you guys know some common ones I mean the flow chart lists some but a lot of the elements that tend to have multiple charges and I'm just going to underline them here in red are found in the d-block elements now these D block elements tend to form multiple charges pretty easily because they have mixing of the s and this mixing between the s and the d block allows for some pretty complicated uncharged Church deform so you'll see lots of things in here molybdenum performs multiple charges palladium does cadmium tin lead let's see what am I missing here Oh gold platinum mercury notice how there's a there's a pretty intense concentration of elements that have multiple charges in this d-block region here some of the other structures here like tin and lead those tend to form multiple charges just because of their complexity of the higher energy level orbitals that they have so just to reiterate for chemical nomenclature your goal is to be able to take a chemical formula like this and be able to translate it into a name in this case calcium oxide a tool to use until you get familiar is this flow chart maybe won't be able to use this flow chart forever but to get you started you you should use this flow chart until you get comfortable with the rules of naming we work through three examples in increasing levels of complexity and now I think you're ready to try it on your own good luck