hey there folks welcome back from module 5 of the CompTIA a plus course this module is called configuring Network ad racing on that note this module is clearly going to be about well IP addresses all kinds of IP addresses to be exact we're going to learn today about public IPS private IPS Dynamic IP static IPS and much much more so us have a quick peek at the agenda that would be basic TCP IP Concepts that's going to be the first section we're going to be looking at the second section we'll be diving into will be compare network configuration Concepts and it doesn't seem like a lot but trust me that's a lot of nonsense we have to go and talk about speaking of nonsense if you guys haven't done it already please blink that like button that's one way you guys can show me support since this is all for free and if you'd like to know when module 6 of a plus comes out or well any of my other videos then remember to also subscribe otherwise you might miss it alright so that's my selfless promotion and now I believe we can jump into that first main section which is basic TCP IP Concepts another name sounds fancy but that's CompTIA for you so it was up to me I would have chosen a different name so in this section the first topic we're going to dive into is well you've guessed it IP addresses folks so what can we say about an IP address so for those of you that's entirely new to it or IP addressing at least that is basically your device's address for lack of a bit of description so if you guys wanted to invite me to your house for let's say a cup of coffee or a cup of tea how would I come to your house you would have to give me the address if you think about it so you're gonna have to tell me which country you're in you know maybe with subsection what region what town what street house number possibly you're staying in a complex I'm gonna have to know unit number you know that kinds of stuff and eventually I'm gonna end up at your house I'm gonna come and knock on your door and I'm gonna come and take you up on that offer for a cup of coffee or whatever this might be now machines work in much the same way IP addresses you can think of them as an address from one machine to another so if one machine wants to communicate to another IP addresses for the most part they're what they will go and use to do that you get many kinds of IP addresses but that's something we'll get to shortly later in this very same module now there is a bit of an IP address example for you guys completely random one with no significance so that's 192.168.0.15 no significance to that so we're going to show you guys how to go and configure these things as well in case and if you guys have no idea how I would go and do that don't worry we'll show you guys so the first thing we want to talk about when it comes to IP addresses is how many bits does an ipjs consist of if you look at the one I've given you guys there that first of all is an IP version 4 address now if you guys don't know you actually get more than one kind of version you get a version four and you get version six we're mostly going to be focusing on version 4 and a plus version 6 is generally only something you need to know from n plus territory if any of you folks plan on taking up n plus and sitting for that exam you definitely need to conclude yourself up on version 6 as well for now if version 4 is something you understand then well great you're on the right path so keeping it to version 4 the one we have there is a version for address it consists of 32 bits for those of you that's curious version 6 consists of 128 bits not that we need to know that at this point in time so when we say 32 bits what do we mean by that it's 52 binary digits 32 ones and zeros a one means something is on a zero means something is off now there is a bit of an example for you guys of a binary number or a binary version of an IP address would you guys believe me if I told you that that binary number that I've written there in green that ones and zeros is in fact the same IP address yes that's right folks so you can actually go and convert eyepiece you know the decimal form of an IP address to the binary form which is what I've done there and you can do it vice versa there's probably like 20 different ways you can go and do that and none of them is right or wrong they're actually all right you know so it's just going to come down to personal preference which one do you prefer to go and use which one is easier and quicker for you what works for me will not necessarily work for you guys so if you guys would like to know more about how to go about converting these IP addresses from decimal to Binary and vice versa I'm going to include a link in the video description down below to one of the N plus videos I've done for the latest in plus course because that's obviously a little bit more advanced and in that video you'll see I show you in great detail how to go and convert this and uh well even going could include a couple of other links to other videos of n Plus in that description not all of them just the ones that I feel is related to this specific module of a plus so maybe I'll include a video there about IP addresses in general subnetic for those of you that knows what's happening is that's the kind of stuff you will find in the video description down below good another thing I want to mention to you guys is an IP address actually consists of four octets now what is meant by that well there's four digits so we go check there's a 192 dot so that 192 is an octet the 168 is an octet the zero is an octet and the last one there being the 15 that is not dead so there's four octets there so that's what's mean by the octets these IP addresses can be converted from decimal to Binary and vice versa like with set and to help you guys understand that for those of you that's curious or for those of you that need to know that for the M plus exam the link will be in the video description down below all right so let's move on to our next topic of IP addresses that would be public and private IP addresses okay so for those of you completely brand spanking new to this a public IP address is a rootable one across the internet that is the kind of IP address you or someone would have when you go online and when you browse the internet to do whatever it is you guys do on the internet a private IP address those are restricted to local networks so that's the kind of IP address you or the user would have inside your home inside your office whether it's a small officer big office doesn't matter that's the kind of IP address you would have inside the building in other words so whenever you're inside the building on that private Network that is called a private Network and the IP addresses you have on Advent Network are private IP addresses as soon as you go through the router or router depending on which country you're from you might pronounce that differently some countries pronounce it as router some pronounce that as router so as soon as you go through the router out to the internet then you have a public IP address guys that is the one we use to trace you so if you ever get up to something naughty online that is the one I'm gonna Trace you of I'm going to trace you to the nearest router I'm not going to know exactly where you are in that building so if that building has a couple of hundred people in it no I'm not gonna know where you are in that building I'm only going to be able to trace you to that router and if there's a couple of hundred people at building then well it's not really going to help me now is it um so from there I'm gonna have to contact that company contact the administrators that company and ask them to go and check on the firewall or something who is the person that's up to Shenanigans but from the outside there's not much you can do besides tracing someone to that router guys that public IP address just FYI is the same IP address you would see on certain websites if you go online to some sites you'll find some websites are very tight in the security and they will try and recommend to you to go and use some sort of VPN or this or that to you know basically protect you you know and when it comes to that you'll find the IP address they show you there is in fact your public IP address so they're not lying to you when they tell you you are Exposed on the internet and you should go and use a VPN of sorts they're not lying to you that part is actually true now when it comes to these private IP address that you'll have inside your network behind the router there's different kinds you get folks you get plus a Class B and plus C so here is an example of a Class C IP address which is probably the most common kind of hybridges you'll get the majority of class CIP dresses will start off 192.1680 dot something that last zero will be dot something else we can ignore the slash 24 for now we'll get to that in a moment um and there is the subnet mask in green so if you were to go and get yourself a Class C IP address or if you go and type it in manually you'll find your subnet mask will normally be normally be the default Triple Two Five Five Dot zero now if you guys don't know what a subnet mask is that basically determines how big your network is in the sense of you know how many networks you've got how many available IP addresses it's got how many times has been sub divided excited yep there's a lot of things that that subnet Moss tells us and believe it or not that zero the back doesn't have to be a zero so as long as it's a triple two five five in the front that tells us we're dealing with a plus c network and the zero the back can now be swapped with a couple of other numbers that we will show in another video so I'm going to link that in the video description down below where I've explained that in an N plus video because that's in plus territory so if you guys are curious what subnetting is how to subnet a network why we do that how we do that all that kinds of stuff go check that video in the video description down below and that'll obviously explain everything you need to know now as for the 24 that's behind the IP address that basically just tells us what the subnet mask is so if it's a slash 24 it tells us it's the normal default triple 25255.0 if that 24 was something else that triple 255 would be something else now here is another private IP address for you guys this is a 17216 dot something dot something that is normally Class B IP addresses a Class B subnet looks like this two five five two five five and then zero zero so instead of triple 255 it's just double two five five as soon as the subnet mask is double two five five it doesn't matter what the the digits behind the 255 is as long as the two front ones are two five five in other words to do the two first updates that tells us we're dealing with a Class B IP address the last one I've got here for you guys is the third one that is an example for class a IP address and a Class A IP address you can probably guess what that subnet is going to look like it's just one two five five on the front the last three octets doesn't matter now those IP addresses I've just given you guys there the 192 the 172 the 10. those are normally what they are so that's normally Class C the first one the second one is normally Clause B the last one is gonna be Class A that's not set in stone though folks there has been many cases where I've seen a 172.16 be a Class C IP address at the end of the day it's determined by the subnet mask so if I really want to I can go and make my IP or your ip17216. something.something and just make absolutely sure the subnet mask is Triple Two Five Five Dot something that would then mean that IP address is a Class C IP address because it's determined by the subnet mask but assuming I have not manually forced it like that the 192 will normally be considered plus C the 172 would only be considered Clause B and the 10 would normally be considered Class A it's very important you guys remember that for this exam in the exam you guys are going to be expected to understand and no IP addresses you need to know an IP address is you need to know what a public and a private IP address is you need to be able to identify the two and then when it comes to private IP addresses you need to be able to identify the different kinds we get which is the three I just listed there for you guys you guys are gonna have to be able to identify static versus Dynamic arbitraces static also known as Manual of fixed IP addresses um the dynamic ones are sometimes known as DHCP IP traces but it's basically the same thing you're also going to be able to have to identify or understand what an apipa IP address is and then lastly folks you also need to know what a loopback IP address is um I think just to help you guys understand that it's not actually part of this module but let me just list it on the screen for you guys so that you can go for those of you that's making notes that want to go write the exam I know it's not part of the module but I notice a lot of you guys need to write the exam and my purpose here is to get everybody to pass this freaking exams so on the right here let me just quickly recap for those of you that's taking notes you need to know what an IP address is you need to know what a public IP in a private IP address is you need to be able to differentiate between the two and identify the two within the section or category of private IP addresses you need to be able to identify Class A B and C which is the three on the screen there on the left and blue and you need to be able to identify a fixed IP address versus a dynamic IP address what's the difference between those two and all that kind of jazz and then lastly you need to be able to be able to explain and identify a p-pipe with this and a loop back IP address so there you have it folks now on that note let's move on to the next topic here of IP addresses which is static versus Dynamic IP addresses so the very first one here is static IP address I've mentioned it before and I'll mentioned again in this module static IP address is also known as a fixed IP address or alternatively a manual IP address now what that means is you or the user or the client will go and configure an IP address for something this is probably going to be a laptop or a desktop but in reality it can be anything you're gonna go and configure an ipages for something this will be done manually and that devices IP address will stay like that until you or someone goes into that device manually one day and manually turn it back off you know to dynamic or mainly going to change the freaking IP address other than that it will never change that's what they mean by fixed or static IP address then you get something called a dynamic IP address and this is actually what most companies go and use sometimes referred to as a DHCP address or IP address but I think it's more commonly known as a dynamic IP address so that means the device does not have an IP address this is the default setting for most devices not just laptops and desktops guys this also applies to tablets phones access points routers you name it every fingers on dynamic in the beginning until you or someone goes and changes it now let's keep it to something simple let's say this is a laptop or a desktop as soon as you take that laptop or that desktop and you connect it to a network via cable or you're connected to the company's Wi-Fi connection as soon as you do that that device is going to go and request an IP address yep request it's gonna say hey I am here my name is blah blah blah I would like an IP address is there anyone out there is the DHCP out there and if there is a DHCP on a network this could be built into the router if it's a small Network or it could be a legit big server if it's a medium sized or a large size company point is if there's a dhcpr network it will respond and say yes I am here how can I assist you and then the machine is going to say okay well I need an IP address can you help me out the ATP will reply and say yes my bra how about the following and it would basically offer a random IP address that's within the within their scope or within the range it's going to offer your machine and IP address your machine is going to say okay cool I like that one I will take it kind of like window shopping and then the server is going to say okay cool if you're gonna take that one here you go and it's going to hand it out to that machine and your machine will have an IP address for an x amount of time because these IP addresses have got leases associated with them which means they expire after a certain period of time and when that happens it will cease to function and you will have to either release it and get a new one or just renew the IP address to begin with something we're still getting to which is going to be in the second main section in this module they're still on the topic of dynamic IP addresses if your machine or your client's machine is unable to get an IP address a dynamic one for whatever reason this could be something as simple as the cable is plugged out this could be something like maybe you're out of range of the frequency you know you you're not in range of the Wi-Fi frequency maybe there is no IP addresses left yep that can actually happen there's a certain amount available and once they're up they're up whatever the reason might be the point here is if the machine is unable to get an IP address what actually happens then well folks that is something we call a pipa which is something you need to know for the exam expect no less than three questions about this new exams you need to know what a pipa is you need to be able to identify what another people address looks like so there's going to be some questions in the exam you may or may not get them and they'll say which of the following is an example of an apipa IP address they will present you a four possible eyepiece and one of them is gonna be a people one and I'll show you guys in a moment what that looks like and you'll need to identify that and then maybe a couple of questions later they'll actually ask you the same question let's just go and rephrase it this is kind of like asking what is one plus two you know five questions later ask you what's two plus one it's technically the same question but they're asking it in a different manner to see if you've memorized these answers by cheating or if you legit understand it and my mission my goal if you will here is to make you guys understand this so then maybe a couple of questions later they'll give you another people IP address and they'll say this is an example of what and you'll have four possible choices there's little the choices you can expect there's things like a beeper loopback IP private IP public IP that's the kind of ones you'll get so yeah there's going to be a lot of questions just that people are alone expect two to three questions about that expect a couple of questions about public and private IP expect a couple of questions about fixed and dynamic IPS and within private IP expect a couple of questions where you're gonna have to identify which one is Class A B and C so yeah you're gonna get a lot of Ip questions guys so clearly IP addresses is very very important all in all in the exam you know you're going to get about between 1900 questions of which I would estimate between 10 and 15 will be IP address related so this is about 10 to 15 percent of your exam yes so this could make you or break you in the exam in other words very very important so I apologize if I keep repeating myself on some of these topics but I cannot emphasize enough on how freaking important this is for the exam if anyone plans on writing the exams so yeah I've been bragging about our people let me show you what it looks like that is what it looks like folks 169.254.something.something the last two octets does not matter so if you were to go and check your IP address and we'll get to that later where we can show you guys how you go and check your IP address but if you want to go and check your IP address for yourself or a user or a client whoever this might be and you see the IP address is 169.254 not something not something at first you might think oh okay this person's got an IP no no they don't that is not an IP address you can think of this as a placeholder that folks is a people so whenever you see that it means the device in question is unable to get an IP it does not have an IB and it's up to you to figure out why the heck that is this this can be for any amount of reasons so you just need to go and figure that out so that's that's going to be in your hands to go and figure out why it's got a pipa but for the exam just need to know that that is our people of course so I've done my job there when it comes to that so folks let's move on to the second main section within this module and remember if you'd like to know more about any of these topics I have included additional resources for you guys in the video description down below so it's your own fault if you don't use them use them don't use them I've put a lot of effort into this video for you guys to get you guys to pause and I've put a lot of effort into giving you guys additional resources as well should you need that so those other videos I'm not gonna lie about it I'm the one that made those videos as well because then I know it's done right not that I'm badmouthing anyone else it's just I don't have the time to go and double check if someone else is explaining a topic correctly or not so I'm just going to refer to the videos where I know for a fact it is going to cover what needs to be covered so the second main section here folks is compare network configuration Concepts and one of the main things we're going to be talking about in this section is going to be DHCP we're going to talk about you know how IP addresses get issued I think I might actually show you guys how we do that because that's just going to make this module more interesting the idea is for this information to stick and what better way to get that to happen than for me to physically show you guys what the heck I'm talking about here so I think we'll show you guys how to go and allocate an IP address we'll show you guys what DHCP is and where you can go and configure it so I'll log into my router uh because you know DHCP is built into some routers and then I've got a virtual machine running in the background who have server installed and there I've already installed DHCP and where we can also show you what DHCP looks like and behaves like on a server yep so on to our first section here within the second module that would be dynamic host configuration protocol now you can probably already guess what that is it is commonly known as DHCP for short now I know not everybody knows what DHCP is but at the very least I think any of you guys it's been an ID for a while would have heard of the word DHCP um I kind of accidentally did mention briefly under what a DHCP does so that is something that gives you or your devices an IP address so if there's a device on the network doesn't matter if it's why yet or Wireless and if that device is configured to obtain an IP address dynamically and not you know doesn't have one fixed or manually configured that device is going to go and ask on a network for an IP address and if there's a DHCP on a network which could be either in a router or an actual full-blown server that DHCP will issue that device with an IP address assuming of course it has got one available in its code because these IP addresses could actually get used up you can think of these IP addresses as parkings at the mall so we're going to go to the mall at payday or are we going to go there on Black Friday or Christmas or pretty much any you know holiday where it's really busy at the mall good luck finding in a parking there because at that point in time you're not going to even be bothered trying to get a parking close to the door you'll just be happy to get any parking quite frankly now you can think of these parkings at the mall as IP addresses if there's not a parking and you cannot park your vehicle you cannot go into the mall and do whatever it is you want to go and do IP address is work in the same manner folks there's only an x amount available and once they're up they are up you're gonna have to sit there and wait and wait and wait or at least your device is gonna have to wait and wait and wait and then eventually win one of the iPad races that's now been used gets freed up yep that can actually happen when your device is going to go and grab it up and essentially you can think of that as getting yourself a parking at the mall when someone vacates a parking so you might find yourself double parking there somewhere which is not entirely legal most of the time and eventually when you see someone going to their vehicle you know loading their groceries in their car and as soon as they okay they're parking immediately going there as quickly as possible using their parking which has not just been freed up IP dresses work in the same manner so when one of the current devices on the network plugs the cable out disconnects from the Wi-Fi frequency or quite frankly just turns itself off whatever IP address that device held this could be a laptop desktop tablet phone whatever whatever IP address it held it gets released back into the pool to wherever that might be router or server which means it's now available for another device to grab if there is another device in the queue of course all right so as I've just said this DHCP is a function that is commonly built into most routers however it can also be added as an actual role on a server if you guys know what a role is and what a server is so when and why we have this in our route as well pretty much all routers has this these days it's usually turned on by default and if you're using this in your home or anyone's home really or in a small office home office you know environment it's probably going to be the router that's going to be issuing IP addresses to devices in that network but if you start looking at networks you know medium to large size companies there it's probably going to be an actual server or something like a Windows server and someone like yourself might have added a DHCP role onto that server and that's going to consist of a couple of things so just to give you guys an idea of what this will consist of it's not limited to this list I'm about to give you but this is the main cheese the main gist of it so it consists of course of the DHCP scope so that's in other words how many IP addresses are available and where do they start and where do they end it consists of DHCP leases so all the IP addresses that's been issued to devices thus far how long are they valid for and when will they expire so the default I think with uh with a new server probably be about eight days but no no company ever makes this eight days normally we're going to reduce this to this to about 24 hours for the average company so if a device has an IP address after 24 hours if it has not been released it will still have the IP address but it will essentially cease to function then the DHCP also consists of reservations so that means there's a certain IP address or maybe multiple ones that are in fact being issued devices but these IP addresses that are being issued devices will always be issued to the same devices because normally that's not what happens normally a random IP a completely random IP in the scope range will be issued to any device that's requesting one now there are cases where device needs to have the same IP every day over and over this could be something like a printer and in those cases you can go and do something called a reservation I'll show you guys this is an actual server in a couple of moments and then the last one I'm going to add here which was actually not part of the course the first three I've just mentioned is actually the only ones that's part of the score surprisingly and yet I feel you need to know the fourth one which I'm about to list you guys that is exclusions all companies create and use exclusions just as much as reservation so it's I don't know I don't know why it's not included in a course don't ask me ask CompTIA so it's probably not going to be in the exam if it's not in the course but you definitely need to know this going out into the field so we'll throw that into the mix with you guys as well and we'll also show it to you guys because why the heck not we're going to be on a server anyway so on that note I'm going to first switch over to a browser and a background guys and the reason I want to do that I'm going to log into a router I'm going to really do that I'm not going to show you guys where I actually log on to throughout the you know the username and password section for obvious reasons because I don't want you guys seeing that and on the main page I'm not going to show you guys that either because there it shows my router's Mac address and there's a lot of weird weasels out there it's up to no good so I'm just gonna skip ahead to the DHCP section on that router so let's switch over to our router alrighty folks here we are in a web browser already logged in as you guys can see I've already gone to the top I've already typed in the IP address of this device in question and obviously this is a router once you do that it's going to take you to a page that looks like a web page but it's actually just the login page of this device which is a router it's gonna ask your username and the password which I've already provided and once you've done that it should take you to kind of like I think this tab here which says State this is going to show me my router's IP address that's not the biggest concern because that's a private IP address so I'm not concerned about that but it's also going to show you guys the MAC address of this specific device which is unique in the world and I don't want people seeing that because they're going to get up to no good when they see that and they're going to try and hack me so good luck with that so I've gone ahead or skipped ahead and I've clicked on the DHCP section which is the only real section I want to bring you guys attention to now at the moment it is enabled the DHCP owners router that is in fact the default option this is the scope so there's not much we can go and configure when it comes to DHCP on a router we're actually quite limited so the scope is from where to where how many IP addresses will I have so my range is going to be 192.1680 and the very first IP address in this range some people call it Scopes will be 100 and it's going to be the exact same thing this side but the very last type is going to be 199 so there's about 100 to 99 yeah 99 to 100 IP addresses here so if any device it's not necessarily a phone or a tablet this can be a laptop desktop tablet phone whatever if any device connects to this network of mine you know however they decide to go and do that they will get an IP address within that range anything between 100 and 199 what that will be I don't know your guess is as good as mine it's going to be randomly assigned to that device and if God forbid I go and connect more than about 100 devices to my network that's what's going to happen is well nothing that device might just see the bottom next to the little Wi-Fi box at the bottom right or the little computer icon they might just see some sort of notification that says obtaining IP obtaining IP or no internet connectivity or no internet connectivity and if you were to go to command prompt for those of you that's Familiar of command prompt and if you were to go and check your IP address you would see you've got na pipa IP address which means you have no IP address remember we said that earlier so you would see you've got a 169.254 which means you're unable to get an IP address and this case the reason for that would be because while there is none available and then eventually when some other device manager goes and turns itself off this connects in some sort of manner that IP address that it held would be freed up and this device in question would obviously get I can if I really want to I can go and disable the hcp here but that's not something I want to do because I'm doing this at my home today and that would mean nothing in my house is going to work if this is a small office or home office or a home you're probably going to leave that on like I said if this is a medium to large size company you're more than likely going to turn that off because you're probably going to want to go and add with the HTTP roll onto a server where you've got more control over it now on that note I've got a virtual machine idling in the background and this virtual machine already has server 2019 installed so I'm going to switch over to that and I'm going to show you guys what it actually looks like with the HTTP on their server side of things so switching over a few moments later all right folks here we are on that virtual machine which is exactly like a real computer it's just virtual now that you need to know that at this point in time the point here is it's got server 2019 installed and you can see here we are in the server manager for those of you just remembered of that you don't need to know that on the left here it shows me which roles have been installed thus far not that it matters the only one we need to focus on right now is the one here it says DHCP so I've already gone through the whole procedure of adding the role here not part of this course but if you're curious how to go and do that I can show you guys in a different course I think I actually have done that in multiple courses so that might have been shown in the N plus course and um there's a couple of server courses on my channel as well where I've actually shown you guys how to go and do that so if you want to know how to do that go check out those videos so assuming their role has already been added you can go to the top right hand side here where it says tools go click on that it's going to give you a bunch of options here one of those options is going to be DHCP this option will only appear if you already added row so that's essentially going to go ahead and open the dhp console I'm going to go ahead and click on that opens it up very small here I'm going to minimize this stuff in the background I'm going to make this nice and big so you guys can go and see you can zoom in if need be you can pause the video if need be so there is your company's name so in my case that's my pertained protein name you know for same as my YouTube channel burning guys Tech I'm going to expand that up we're going to be talking about ipv4 today so that's going to be the only one we're going to focus on today I'm going to expand that and that's pretty much as default as things get doesn't get more default than that there's absolutely nothing going on here at this point in time so the very first thing you will need to do is create yourself one or more Scopes those ranges we talked about probably just gonna in one of most companies and here we're just gonna do one how do you do that you right click here where it says ipvision four there's an option here it says new scope sounds very fancy sounds very complicated but guys that's actually just the range like we saw on the router I'm gonna click on that I'm gonna just go for his little wizard by clicking on next give it a name the name really doesn't matter so I'm just going to call it test for now so let's say I don't know burning eyes take scope test that's one heck of a long name normally we would not advise you to go and do that next now here you get to go and do pretty much the exact same thing as what we saw on that router earlier I get to go and specify my range so just like the round that I can go and make this one nine two one six eight zero and what was the router I think it started from 100. and here I can go make a 192.1680 and just like the router it was 199. it's exactly the same thing if any of you guys are familiar of subnetting that kinds of jazz you can go and play with this stuff at the bottom that is not the topic today so that's about 99 to 100 IP addresses I'm gonna go ahead here and click on next now exclusions is one of the topics that was not included in this module and it's actually not included in a plus all together I'm adding this for you guys the next topic not because it's going to be an exam I don't actually expect you guys to get any questions about this in the exam but I can damn well guarantee you you will work with this in your work environment at some point in time sooner or later and if you don't know what it is or if you don't know what how to go and do it yeah it might become a bit of a problem so exclusions is any IP address in that range that we've just specified that you do not want to have dished out so the moment we've got about 99 to 100 IP addresses that will be dished out and if there happens to be by some chance one or more IP addresses in that range that we really do not want to have issue to some sort of device because of whatever reason most likely because these IP addresses have been statically assigned to something like a server or whatnot if that's the case you can go ahead here and exclude those IPS so enite range from 100 to 199 any and all IPS will be dished out except the ones you've added in your exclusions list so I can specify my exclusions here on this list right now I can also go and do it later if it's one IP address you're just gonna go and type it in there twice if it's multiple IPS and they follow back to back you can go and type in the first and the last one there but if it's multiple IPS but they do not follow back to back you're gonna have to go and go for the excruciating process of adding them one by one by one so how do we add one you're gonna do it like this one and two one six eight zero so what was that range of us 100 to 199. so I'm gonna Farm suck it and make it up let's say the IP we want to exclude today is 115. I mean that's pretty much in the range of between 100 and 199 would you not say so I'm gonna go ahead and type that twice like Sue and that's how you exclude one IP or if you want to go through one by one if it's multiple IPS and they follow back to back you're just going to go and add the last number here of the last one of course add and there you go folks next here we're going to talk about release remember the lease is one of those topics the least is how long will this IP address be valid for until it is expired once it expires whatever device it still holds that IP address if it has not been released that device is not going to be able to connect to the network and more importantly it will not be able to connect to the Internet or do anything on the Internet it's going to have to plug a cable out and plug it back in disconnecting the Wi-Fi reconnected Wi-Fi you know whatever connection it's on or you know just restart you've probably heard of that famous old it jug where they say hey have you tried turning it off and on again it's funny because it's true and it surprisingly fixes a lot of things guys one of the things it does is it actually releases your old IP renews your and asked for a new one so that's just one of the many many things I'm gonna go ahead here and make this a one that's basically 24 hours which you guys not say next can I leave this all for later that's fine for now finish and there we go folks so there is a scope you'll notice I know it's very small you guys probably can't see this without zooming in but there's actually a little folder icon there and it's got a little circle there so for those of you that can't see it's a little circle it's got a little arrow a red arrow pointing downwards now what does that mean that means the scope is there but it is not active yet more precisely it has not been activated yet you need to go and activate this scope first before it's actually going to go do anything you can think of this as a safety switch on a weapon it's not gonna actually fire until well you go and turn off the safety so the reason why that is there is well I suppose there's actually many reasons for it but one of the reasons is for tasting purposes so you can go and taste something safely in a secure environment without having to worry about it so if I were to go to this scope which I've already expanded here if I click on address pool it'll show me my current scope so you can see there is my one and only scope going from 100 to 199 it shows me all my exclusions at the moment there is just a freaking one if you would like to go and add more you can do that by right clicking here new exclusion and just going to add the same IP twice if it's one if it's multiple ones you can go and add the range there here we've got address leases now mine's blank at the moment because I literally just made this freaking DHCP but if this is a legit DHCP that's actually in production you would actually see all IP addresses which is probably going to be a lot mind you you're going to see all IP address that has been issued thus far two devices you can see which ones they are you can see to which device they have been issued how long they're still valid for all that here is the reservation section this actually was part of the course so this is where you'll have the ability to go and Reserve certain IPS in that range they will in fact be dished out but they will always be dished out to the same device over and over and over you can right click there new reservation here you're going to type the name of the device in question so I'm going to thumb suck it and make something up here to give you guys a bit of a scenario let's say this is a printer because that's actually a very good example of why you want to go and do this now if I install a printer on someone's machine right now that printer is going to have a dynamic IP and today it's actually going to work perfectly fine let's say this print has got an IP address of dot 120. now today when you install it it's going to have an IP obviously of 120 it's going to map it on that computer of that user as 120. so when that user tries to print that printer it's gonna send the print job to well 120 and then tomorrow will eventually come and the day after that that printer will have a different IP other than 120 possibly and if and when that happens guess what's gonna happen when that user clicks on print that user when he clicks on printer when she clicks on print it's gonna send that print job to the IP of 100 120 and guess who's there nobody Sue what we want to do here is we want to keep that IP for the printer so that when that user clicks on print and it grows to 120 there needs to always be a printer at 120. that goes without saying this example I'm giving you guys is not limited to printers but that's probably one of the best examples to give you guys so reservation name I'm going to give it a proper professional name I'm going to say printer so that I will know what this is if I come back here after a couple of months and it's also a professional courtesy amongst other technicians so if another technician comes here they will know what this reservation was for now if this company happens to have many printers in different locations you might be want to be more precise than just saying printer so this is reception I might say printer at well reception let's go and add the IP address in question the only thing that's left here for you to go and do is to go and add the MAC address of this device any and pretty much all devices that can connect your network has IP addresses and they've got Mac addresses these Mac addresses are unique you can think of the measure social security number or your ID number depending which country you're from and because they are unique that's one of the reasons I hide I hit my Mac address earlier when I was going into my router because I did not want anyone seeing that otherwise they're going to get up to some sort of shenanigans so you're gonna have to go to that printer get its Mac address it's up to you how you want to go and do that there's probably like a million ways of doing it and once you've done that you can go click on ADD here and then from that point forward their IP being 120 will always be dished out to that same device over and over and over all right folks so that is essentially the HTTP for now if you would like to know more about that I've added a link in the video description down below that'll explain DHCP in a little bit greater detail for you guys um quite frankly I've had a lot of videos in the video description down below um you'll see I'm going to give them nice little titles so you can see um which videos which videos are depending on what you want to know more about you can just go and click on that relevant link and it's going to take you straight to that video on my channel so if you want to know more about DHCP this is a video about DHCP if you want to know more about DNS which is still coming up next you can go and click on ADD link so whatever you want to know more about that was in this video if you want to know more about it in Greater detail you can just go click on that link but what has been covered in this video and though the amounts that I've covered that in this video is enough for you to pause the exam so if you're concerned about me adding videos in the video description um you know when it comes to exam don't worry what I've covered in this video is enough for you to pause the exam what I've added in the video description is simply for those if you'd like to know more if you want to become a guru or if you're planning to study for the N plus exam or anything like that so that is why I've added that there is a personal courtesy to you guys so let's go back to that list of topics alrighty folks here we are back on that list of topics so I think before we go ahead and move on to the next topic which is DNS I think you guys could have guessed that because of what I just said a few moments ago so we're gonna get to DNS in just a moment before we do that let me just quickly switch over to another virtual machine this one is called normal Windows 10 installed on it the reason I want to do that is because I want to show you guys what it looks like when you go and configure an IP address and how or where you can go and do that and essentially you know how you can switch between static fixed and dynamic so let's quickly switch over to that Windows 10 machine just a quick quick one a few moments later alright folks here we are on that Windows 10 machine I was just bragging about so there's many ways you can go about changing the IP so if you are on a Windows 10 or 11 machine one way would be to go to the bottom right here next to your system clock there's a little computer eye converter you can either right click on that or if you're on a Wi-Fi connection it'll be a little Wi-Fi boss icon there and you you can right click on that if you're using a very old build of Windows 10 if you don't update your windows if you right click on that you're going to see an option that says native Sharing Center but on the newer builds of Windows 10 11 it doesn't say that anymore it now says open network and internet settings now you can actually install browse into Sharing Center which is pretty much what I'm going to do in a few moments so you're gonna have to do that by clicking there give it a moment or so and this is going to essentially open what is known as the settings app now it's taking to us to a very specific section in the settings app so if you were to go to open Settings app this can be done by going to the bottom left here clicking on start you click there on a little gear icon where it says settings that is gonna go open what is known as the settings app now mine is already open on a Settings app but it's on a very specific section more precisely it is on the network and internet section if you were to go and open the settings app so it shows you what I'm on a Wi-Fi connection wireless networks or ethernet not if it's cable today you can see I am on a cable connection one of the ways you can go and change your ip3 settings would be to go here to where it says properties and if you scroll down you'll see it says IP settings at the moment it's on DHCP which is the default so that means this machine will automatically get an IP address every time it's turned on or connected to a network if you want to go and change that you can go here to where it says edit you can change this to manual ipv4 and you can of course go and type in your IP address your subnet Gateway that kind of stuff I'm not going to click on OK otherwise I'm going to disconnect this virtual machine because it's actually running online a cloud let me go back one step here there is another link there it actually says native and sharing sensor that's the old school way of doing things if anyone still has access to that if you go there just one moment it's going to show you once more if you're on a wireless connection or a wired connection So currently it's a wired connection going to click there on ethernet properties ipv4 properties and this is essentially the same thing this is actually the way we've been doing it for the last 10 or 20 years so the moment it's on what we call obtaining RPGs automatically that is the same as DHCP folks and if you go click there now you or the user will have the ability to go and type this stuff in manually which means it's fixed or static it's going to stay like that until you or someone comes in here one day and come and change it manually so you're going to cancel this and I'm going to go back to that presentation of how so let me just leave this idle in the background in case we need it again later during the module so let's go back to that list and go cover dnas all right here we are folks domain name system so I think it goes about saying that this is commonly known as DNA since that's all I've been saying the last few minutes so it's commonly known as dnas what is it and what does it do it does a lot of things but in a nutshell it converts names to IP addresses and it converts IP addresses to names that's a bit vague I mean that can mean a lot of things so to give you guys an example if you were to go to something like a web browser any web browser of your choice and you go and type in www.youtube.com did you know your machine does not actually know what that is or where that is so as soon as you go and type in something like www.youtube.com what your machine is going to go and do at least the very first time it visits that website it is going to go and contact something called the DNS it's going to say Hey listen my bra someone just typed in youtube.com into the browser I've got no idea what this is or where this is help me out and the DNS is essentially going to go and look and look and look and look look for what is called a record it's got many kinds of Records but we're not going to focus on that today that's in plus territory it's gonna go look for a record you can think of this as going through the Yellow Pages in the old days looking for someone's name or the last name so you can go look up their phone number and see where they stay that kinds of stuff so the thing is going to go and look up a record also very much the same as when you go to the doctor and they ask you what your name or your last name is so they can go and pull your file and when they pull your file the doctor will know who he or she is dealing with and then they can see what other things they've prescribed to you and what your medical history is and all that kind of stuff so they're basically not going in blind for like a bit of description so the teenage will go and pull this record for youtube.com and when it pulls This Record it's gonna see in that record what the IP address for youtube.com is so just like the doctor when he or she pulls your record they will see who you are you're gonna see your whole medical history and everything they need to know about you if you've got any allergies they will be able to see that and then they know maybe not to go and prescribe certain kinds of medicine to you obviously right so it's very much the same as those things I know it's not identical but I'm from sucking it so I apologize I'm winging it as I go along so all of this that I just explained to you guys happens in the blink of an eye so as soon as you hit the enter key on your keyboard you know obviously right after you typed in the address within the blink of an eye your machine does all of that the DNS does all of what I've just explained it tells your machine where YouTube is and what YouTube is and when your machine proceeds to go to the IP address you might not see it you might not know it but your machine is actually going to the IP address yes folks so in reality what you could have actually have gone and done most people probably don't notice is you could actually go to your browser and instead of typing in the address of that website like youtube.com you could actually go ahead and type in the IP address of that website believe it or not that actually would have taken you to the website as well now none of us including myself know what these IP addresses are so for you to go and write down the IP address of every freaking website you want to visit in the days time is just mental We're not gonna do that this I think the last time we did something similar was probably about 20 years ago when we used landline telephones and we wanted a gun called grandma or call a butcher or a pharmacist or the doctor so back then there would be a phone in the house you know physically mounted to a physical telephone line and that's the only fun we had back then and if someone wanted to make a phone call they would go and stand or sit next to this phone there was possibly a book that they're called The Yellow Pages next to that if you want to go and look someone or something up and maybe there was like a little black book or something where you would go and write people's names down and their telephone numbers their landline numbers so if you want to go and call grandma or an uncle or someone you know some loved one or someone important you're going looking at little bookie we wrote down their names and their numbers and you would essentially go and call these people so that's kind of like a DNS if you think about it so if you had to go and imagine there's no for a moment imagine you had to go and time in the IP address for every website that you wanted to go and visit now it's possible you could go and write down all those IPS just like we used to go and write down all those phone numbers in the book we could go and write down all these IP address in the book but if you go and look at the fact that how many websites we go and visit it's just not feasible it's gonna drive you nuts to go and do that so instead some clever bloke out there came up with this magical idea called DNS and DNS takes care of all that inconvenience and heavy lifting for us so all we need to do now is we just go and type in something very easy to remember something very user friendly like youtube.com facebook.com twitter.com that's all we need to do that's very easy to remember it's very easy to type in as a user or human being and when you do that the DNA is going to go and take care of all the complicated inconvenient stuff for us so Dina is going to go and say okay cool what did you just type in It's Gonna See You typed in twitter.com it's gonna cool let me look that up for you it's gonna go check what the record says for twitter.com it's going to show your machine what the IP address is for twitter.com and your machine will essentially go to well twitter.com so what can we say here it resolves friendly names assigned to hosts to IP addresses that's the technical term CompTIA says but on its own that's very freaking complicated so I hope that my explanation has at least made a little bit more sense to you guys there's something you guys need to also be aware of is let's say I invited you guys to my company if I had a company the very very first day if you needed to come to my company let's say it was a training company where I trained UD a plus course the very first day you probably have no idea how to get there because well you've never been there you're gonna have to go and look up the address you'll maybe call us maybe you're gonna send me an email and I'll tell you what the address is you're probably gonna end up punching it into a GPS and on day one you're gonna use your GPS to navigate to my office you know so that is kind of like a DNS for like a video description now on day two and day three and day four are you gonna go and use the the GPS maybe but probably not because well you've got something called short term memory you've been to my office at least once and now because of something called short-term memory you will remember how to get there now let's say after turning the a plus course with me six months or 12 months goes by and then you decide to come back to me for the N plus course even though you've been to my offices before you might not remember exactly how to get there because while it's been too long your short-term memory has forgotten so what you could go and do then is just obviously go and ask for the address again and then obviously Day One You're Gonna use the GPS again and then from day two day three and day four and so on and so forth you will no longer need it because of something called your short-term memory now why the heck am I talking about memory the whole time here what the heck does this have got to do with DNS well it's got a lot to do with DNS people DNS works in the same way so just like you they don't know how to get to my office on day one your machine your desktop laptop or whatever does not know how to get to any website the very first time you want to visit that website let's say it's YouTube so your machine is hey bro where is youtube.com and youtube.com will be given to you by the dnas and now on Day 2 and day 3 and day 4 you might think your machine is asking the DNA where that is but it's actually not your computer has got a short-term memory and that allows your machine to remember the websites you visited recently just like your human short-term memory so your machine is not gonna go and ask the dnas where these websites are because it remembers where these websites are and if they have enough time obviously passes by it can eventually forget these websites if you have not visited them recently and the very first time you visit those websites again you know after a very long period of time it's gonna go and ask the DNS again how do I get to these sites I have forgotten now why am I spending so much time on a topic called DNS well guys because it's a question in your exam it's not just a question in the exam DNS is a pbq in the ex exam for those of you not familiar pbq in case I have not mentioned it yet but I'm fairly certain I've mentioned this somewhere in one of my modules pvq is short for Performance Based question also known as simulation so in the exam the average person will get about three practical simulations where you'll practically have to go and do something and these count for a lot of marks you can either lose a lot of marks or you can make a lot of marks they're not very difficult but if you don't understand them you can't they can actually kind of catch you off guard so the question exam if you're unfortunate enough to get this question is they will give you a command prompt window and they're going to tell you I can't remember exactly what the question said but it's going to come down to you need to go and erase the computers short term in memory when it comes to Denise that is called your DNS cache your DNA's cash is your computer's short-term memory as to which sites it has visited recently so it's kind of like me clobbering you over the head and you having Amnesia and you can't remember the last couple of days or a couple of hours of what you've done so you need to go and give your machine amnesia for like a bit of description how do you do that well guys let me show you guys a quick command from window here all right folks here we are on command prompt so like I just said you're going to be presented with a command prompt window in the exam and all you need to do in the exam to get this question right is Type in the correct command and in reality this could be anything it could be a lot of commands but you guys are lucky it is just a one line command that is it you're gonna type the online command you can hit the enter key and you're done you can click on the next button you're gonna move on to the next question so that is the good news is actually very easy so I can't remember exactly what the question said like I said earlier but I do know it comes down to erasing your DNA's cache how do you do that you type in ipconfig there's a lot of commands and sorts of ipconfig and there's a lot of commands it's got a forward slash off track so you're gonna type forward slash except now comes the unique part which is uniquely going to go in your race for cash that is Flash DNS that is the full command guys it is that it is so short it is so straightforward that's all you need to remember so you're going to type I be config forward slash um flash DNS that's going to go and erase your DNA's cache so will you still be able to browse absolutely yes everything is going to work completely like normal the only difference here is this computer on which I'm doing this on will not remember any of the websites that is visited recently so what's going to happen is I'm forcing this machine now to ask where DNS where these sites are so in reality to use the user or whoever the user is nothing is going to look any different whatsoever every site will load perfectly normal the same speed everything will be normal but in reality in the background it is very different because the machine is now actually Austin the DNS in the background where are these sites where are these sites because it's got no cooking clue where these websites are that is a pbq in the exam and that counts for a lot of marks in the exam so let's go back to our list of topics all right so we have just more or less covered in it so I think it's safe to move on to our next topic here which is virtual land so this is very commonly known as VLAN quite frankly I don't know anyone that calls this virtual land anytime I ever hear people saying that is in some sort of I.T course like the one you guys are doing right now other than that anyone there's anyone on it will always refer to this as VLAN but it obviously does mean it's a virtual name so what is a VLAN this is something that is configured on managed switches you would remember earlier we spoke about switches there's many kinds of switches you get so you get hubs and switches we're specifically talking about switches we're specifically talking about a managed switch not an unmanaged switch and manage switch is a switch that's usually more expensive and the reason that is is because you can actually log on to the switch or log into it you can go to a browser that's one way to do it you're going to type in the IP address of the switch just like a router you're gonna log into the switch and you're gonna go and configure the switch how you do that and what you're gonna go and do I cannot tell you because it depends on the brand it depends on the make but quite often most of these switches are command based so this could be something like a Cisco switch it could be an HP switch there's many many many Brands guys the point is once you or the technician logged into the switch he or she will essentially have the power to go and configure or create more importantly what is known as a land now what a lot of people people don't know is actually all switches even the dumb ones the ones that's just unmanaged even they actually have a VLAN on them by default this is called VLAN one so that means all the ports on that switch are on the same network which you might think okay well duh that is obvious not necessarily because if you look at a managed switch just because all the ports are physically on the same switch that does not mean they are the same network so if I plug my computer's cable into that switch and one of you guys gonna plug your network cable into that same switch you might think we're on the same network but that is not necessarily the case when it comes to manage switch we could very well be on two very different networks because of the VLAN Factor so if it's an image switch there's only one VLAN it's called VLAN one that means everybody is physically and logically on the same network now looking at this from a managed perspective some technicians like us can log in there and we can go and create more vlans other than VLAN 1. so I can go and save this is a let's say this is a 16 Port switch I can go and say Port 1 all the way through to Port 8 will be VLAN one so in other words the default and Port 9 all the way through to port 16 will be VLAN 2. so physically all of these 16 ports on the same switch but logically they're not the same network so if me and one of you guys plug into any of the ports between eight and and one or one and eight we will be on the same network but let's say I don't plug my cable out and I plug myself in between something between 9 and 16. so you guys are something between one and eight I plug into the very same switch but something between 9 and 16. we will not be on the same network we will not be able to find each other on it or digitally speaking so physically we're using the same physical infrastructure the same physical switches on our Network same physical cables there's no extra switches no extra cables no extra any hardware really but logically you have just created extra networks digitally speaking so this is a very cool way for us to create extra networks within our Network without having to go and while putting extra cables in the walls or the ceilings and add additional switches and that kinds of stuff because that's going to be a lot of work nobody wants to go and do that it's a lot of Maintenance and it's very very expensive and very very time consuming so it saves us on costs it saves us some time and quite frankly just the inconvenience of it all so I can go and put myself on two different networks you'll find a lot of companies does this I would say pretty much all medium to large size companies does this the reasons they do that is completely unique to every company I've seen some companies will go and use these virtual networks for different types of traffic you'll find VLAN one might be for desktops and laptops VLAN 2 might be for VoIP traffic so that's telephones and stuff VLAN free and VLAN 4 might be for other kinds of traffic so depending on the kind of traffic that might determine how many vlans you've got and what they are and all that kinds of stuff this could also just be a matter of I want to divide people if I've got an example I've got two switches and both of these two switches each have two vlans so switch one has got VLAN and one VLAN two switch two it's got VLAN one and VLAN two so if I were to go unplug myself into VLAN 2 on switch one and you plug yourself into VLAN 2 on switch two even though we are plugged into two different switches as long as we are plugged into the same VLAN folks we can communicate it's as if we've plugged into the the same switch when we talked about the old unmanaged switches so somewhere along the line as long as these networks are physically connected and as long as we are on the same VLAN communication would occur but if we're not on the same VLAN you can forget about it so what can we say here subdivides networks into more logical networks but Remains the Same amount of physical equipment so like I said earlier you're not going to use any extra additional physical equipment no extra cable switches or what have you you can use the exact same equipment only difference is some Joe like you or me is going to log into one of these managed switches and we're gonna go and configure it and we're gonna go and create additional vlans and once you've created the VLAN you actually have the power to go and choose exactly which ports you want on read about VLAN pretty nifty right okay folks and here is the very last topic for this module virtual private Network commonly known as VPN I think everybody's heard of a VPN it's a VPN and you probably noticed already allows remote connectivity to places like the office it was originally designed for that within mind so originally it was designed so that people can go home for whatever reason and connect to the office safely which brings us to this point it's a secure encrypted connection why do we need it to be encrypted because when you or someone connect from home or wherever you're doing this from to the office what infrastructure are your user going to go and use well you're gonna have to make use of the internet folks and since we know everybody's got access to the internet that means anyone and his uncle could potentially hack you hijack your session I mean what's happening if you're not getting hijacked at your local traffic light you're getting hijacked online these days it's just in saying what the world is coming to so because of all that security you know concerns this connection is encrypted yep encrypted and when you go and use this connection to go and remote connect to wherever it might be let's say to the office you can think of this as digitally teleporting yourself somewhere where you're not it's not something that's in the course I'm adding that as an extra for you guys it's a nice way of explaining it so physically you might be sitting at home you might be on your own internet connection at home on your own laptop at home and when you vape into the office or wherever it is you're beeping to it's as if you are there digitally speaking anything you could normally do while you were aware you can now do but it is also a double-edged sword anything you could normally not do when you were aware that also applies folks so if you could normally let's say not access YouTube or Facebook while you're at the office because that's something a lot of companies don't allow this they have to do as soon as you VP into the office it's as if you're in the office so all policies and rules and procedures get forced down upon you good and bad including the ones that blocks you from certain websites so when you try and access Facebook or YouTube while deepening to the office you're gonna notice even though you're on your internet and your device it's not gonna work you will have to go and disconnect from that VPN connection first before you'll be able to go and access your personal nonsense whatever that might be pretty cool right so um I think that is pretty much all I need to explain to you guys but just to emphasize on VPN a little bit actually here you know since we're pretty much done with this module let me give you guys a blank window here and I'm gonna draw something for you guys just humor me I'm trying something new for one of these videos so I'm gonna draw a little black or well not black white block here there's a bit of a white block there why am I drawing a white block there because well that's going to symbolize your office so I'm going to write it there I'm going to go and say off first and that could also be seen as on premises let me type that there for you guys let's try again a little bit to the right so this is the office it's on premises and at the office we've got a couple of users there's one there's two there's three and various four so I've got a couple of users at the office in reality we know this is not off the scale this is probably going to be a couple of hundred or a couple of thousand people to go for us but that is what we've got imagine these circles as being laptops or desktops at the office and imagine there's a little square at the top right hand side there as being some sort of server or servers that's just going to add that there so that's some sort of server or service at the office now this little bloke there that little piggy there that could be you now normally if that's you and you're at the office in the office building you can go and access any of your colleagues no problemo you can access the server no problemo why is that because you are in the same building and you are on the same network whether it's why yet or Wireless it doesn't matter you're in the same building on the same network now imagine now there's another building here on the left that is your home I'm gonna add a little title there guys let's call that home it could be anywhere this could be a local coffee shop and you're working from home now why that is I don't know maybe you've got covid-19 and your company policy is you've got to work from home until you're clear maybe while you just decide to work from home because half the people are working from home these days if you want to work from home can you contact your your fellow colleagues or the server that you just contacted no you cannot that's a different network guys your home network is a different network so how do I get myself to the Internet so well not to enter into the office I'm gonna go and use the internet as my medium so let's go and add a little movie Cloud here I know it's not up to scale but we can imagine that cloud there being the internet as we know it so I need to get my butt into the office I'm gonna go and VPN to the office through that cloud so that cloud is the internet I'm using the VPN connection to go through the internet safely and securely so when as soon as I go for the internet you can imagine yourself going through like a little tunnel there there's a little tunnel I wish I could take credit for that but it's not something I can take credit for any manual you grab a plus n plus from any vendor or whatever they always show you some sort of cloud picture with some sort of tube and um I think that basically just symbolize the concept of encryption you can imagine yourself being in the little pipe or a little tube when you go for the internet and anyone has anyone that's on the internet cannot penetrate that pipe without tube it's kind of like those tunnels that goes underneath you know rivers and oceans and stuff I think in Europe for those of you that's from Europe they've got these pretty cool tunnels there's you know basically links one Island to another one section you know to another section you've got to go and drive underneath a riverbed or something really really cool engineering I think you can find a couple of videos about that on YouTube or Discovery Channel and essentially here the the point I'm trying to make is cars that go into the tunnel from the one side they will eventually come on the other side unscathed and completely bone dry not a drop on them the water from that River or that ocean or that lake that is unable to penetrate that tunnel that water could basically be seen as everybody on the internet so just like that water that's not able to penetrate that tunnel with the cars are driving through and now I'm just making it up it's not my best example but hey so just like that this tunnel you're going through on the internet digitally speaking can kind of be seen as that you are in a safe encrypted tunnel and anyone who tries to hijack you or see what you're doing you know they're not going to be able to get anything or see anything because well it's encrypted folks so now when you VP into the office besides what I just said now I I am basically at office you can see where I am at the office now everything I could normally do while I'm in the office I can do that anything I could normally not do while I was the office I will not be able to do so any good rules and battles will be forced down to me so there's a bad rule it gets forced down upon me and there is a good rule gets forced down upon me good rules would be something like a server if I wanted to gain access to a certain server I will have access to that server now because it's as if I'm at the office a bad you know rule of something would probably be the fact that I cannot access certain things either you know like Facebook and YouTube and that kinds of stuff so I hope this makes a little bit more sense to you folks what a VPN connection is you're essentially teleporting yourself somewhere where you're not safely and securely and if anyone at that remote location tries to trace you you know in case you're wondering about that because I've had questions about that no they cannot Trace you and they will not know where you are folks so yeah guys please let me know in the comment section down below what you think about the drawing thing should I do more of that as something new I'm doing that's actually the very very first time I've done that in any video on this channel so I'm trying something new if you guys find that interesting if that works for you guys because that's actually what I do in real life when I train these courses I'm a professional trainer in real life and then I actually do draw but it's a bit difficult to do this kind of stuff and videos you know on YouTube but if you guys find it interesting if it helps you guys to understand the topics a little bit more if I draw please let me know in the comment section down below yes that works it makes it easier to understand or no please don't do that again sucks or you know I I'm not gonna know unless you guys tell me so if if I find you guys like it or you enjoy it or it works then I'll do more of it if it doesn't work you guys then I'll stop it you know so yeah I need your feedback to know if it's working or not on that note guys we are actually done at this specific module don't disappear just yet if you have enjoyed this video including my drawing please give the video a like pretty please and if you'd like to know if module 6 comes out like usual subscribe and then the usual thank you to all my sponsors guys thank you very very much from the bottom of my heart I really do appreciate it so that is everyone from the patreon and PayPal sponsors to those of you that's been clicking on the thanks button and including those of you that has just been buying me a coffee or a milkshake and yes I did end up giving it to my kids so and I did say I would so if any of you guys would like to sponsor me as well you can find that information in the video description down below you can see there it is the list of patreon sponsors and PayPal sponsors currently the list is growing and growing um and like I've said before and I'll say it again if you guys are going to buy me a coffee or a milkshake I'm probably gonna end up spending it on milkshake on my kids but either way it goes to a good cause so yeah there is that right guys that is me I shall talk to you guys again on module six what is next module six yeah module six we'll talk again in module six have a nice one guys [Music] [Music] foreign [Music]