um looks like I'm it says I'm live but I no watching now viewers or anything yet so it's a new link so me take a second to get the kids over there once you're in there yes it say live not seen a webcam I got on my side I'm not sure oh there you are no I think it'll be the same thing as last time I'll just need to know I might have the issue with the two microphones remember how last time I had the issue yeah yeah I will listen and uh go from there I'm going to go right to share screen just so when people do come in I'm already right yep and then I would just start going and then with everybody there so is even when I when I tried that SL presentes in the basement that wasn't working either maybe it is a laptop thing we'll see it would be which you know it's just one of those things what are the chances that the entire thing crashed right in the middle yeah I think so I'm gonna we'll all right thank you and just start talking okay yeah go it thank you bye bye all right guys we are gonna kind of pick up where we left off and I'm going to thank you for your patience as always I'm going to Jump Right In and kind of speed through the first stuff just so we can kind of get caught up and back on track I am so sorry about that we love technology it works so good when it's working right but let's Jump Right In I already kind of did the introductions and you already all know this and you guys are amazing so we know that you know we're recorded we'll keep everything neat if and clean and if you don't want your name to appear then change it um you might already have seen this the video here I'm going to kind of just play this just a real short video this is our pep talk from Amanda who is stud Amanda here from five we are literally giving away $100 to pay for your AP exams to like 50 different students how do you win easy you just got to post about the AP experience on social media on Tik Tok Instagram or Twitter use the hashtags yes wewe cram and with fiveable and tag at think fiveable so one person will win every single day and this is how you can win it is going to be a group of students who actually judge the winner they will pick the winners and this is how they're going to choose it has to capture the AP experience do they look at that post and think like that's 100% wor this feels is it creative you know is it funny does it have a really awesome song in it or really good use of of some sort of meme anything do wece creativity and engagement how many likes do you have that literally is going to help you with more likes the more likely you are to win and then finally does it incorporate five is it in the caption what you're wearing in something that you're doing how have you incorporated fiveable into it so this is how you can win a couple of quick notes make sure you follow than fiveable so that we can DM you to if you won you can post as many times as you want you can post today tomorrow every day EV times during the day as you want but you can only win once so keep that in mind and finally some of our best social interns came from this contest last year so if you're really awesome at social media and you're looking for a an internship show us what you've got because we want to hire you so I can't wait to see your posts see you on the on the flip side good luck on your exams talk to you later all right what up AP students Amanda here from five so we are fiveable and you can find us on social media anywhere so check us out and if you of course can follow through on Discord they will have help for you wherever you need it all right so jumping right in we have three administrations of the end of course exam the first one is Administration one that is tomorrow 8:00 a.m. local and it is paper it's going to be um whatever your time zone is it starts at 8:00 am so make sure you're there by 7:40 a.m. it is in school so we said about 80% of you that is your choice so keep that in mind that's you when we're done tonight eat well get a lot of sleep and Rocket in the morning uh Administration two and three those I put in Eastern Time zon so just change that for yourself uh you can always go to collegeboard.org to check what the correct time zone is those are the digital platform so we will talk about that because that's new this year in terms of because of covid so Wednesday 526 or Monday 67 now for those of you who are taking Administration 2 or three please remember this is recorded for you so you are here with us you benefit from it come back and check out the recording so if we talk about something today and it just doesn't stick in your head right you just need to review again or you need a little confidence boost the day before or the time before make sure you get back on here already hit this in our polls at the beginning but this Thursday at midnight 11:59 p.m. that's the deadline for the create test and friends that is 30% of your test grade so don't you know don't phone it in do it do a good job KCK butt at it and we will talk about that shortly as well okay so I in my those one hour crams that we've been doing for each big idea I asked you guys the last few times what is it that you want so I got Audia binary data numbers conversions hex aimal guess what not on the test this year so you will not have to do Hex this is awesome pseudo code yes I get it this is one that a lot of people think that they're not good at they want a little extra help we got it overview of Big Ideas got them we're doing about one an hour with big idea three kind of flowing into a little bit of the hours around it code tracing practice questions yeah I got some text base I got some block we we got it for you multistep questions yes I'm tracing in with that I like this somebody said content and topic review and what that means is not just the review questions and Sample questions but what big idea is where's it fall in that kind of thing as well as test taking strategies some people don't realize that the AP exam is um kind of gets harder as you go okay so we want to kind of talk about that Tes taking strategies so how long do you have you got 120 minutes for the multiple choice part of the test how can we do well well the easier ones come at the beginning of the test so we want to realize that right and not divide evenly all the time that we'll have to take all right so here we are test or hour number one I knew was going to be a little shorter than than one hour anyway so we are still great on time so our first hour I'm going to talk about the paper and the digital testing app the structure of the test the reference sheet and the create task I am also I'm going to try and start some big idea one give you a little bit of break depending on the time so I'm kind of keeping track of my time as well so we can take little breaks just give yourself a little brain break how's it going uh shoot some comments out to Rachel or myself and move on we're going to kind of if you look at this we're kind of going to go through Big Ideas one and two in an hour big idea three I have an hour but I also know that it may fall into or kind of creep over into hour for perfectly fine because that is a third of the test so we want to make sure that we give you a lot of the time for that and then we'll finish up big idea four at that point we'll give you another brain br break see how things are going and then miss Choy is going to take over for the last hour right remember she's in California got a little time change stuff going on and she actually had another conference so we're kind of working uh the way that works best for you guys today okay so again after paper exam those of you taking digital you can tune out for a second on the paper exam Readiness or just pay attention to see what everybody else has to go through tomorrow and then then what we want to do is we'll talk about the digital as well and if you then forget you come back to it before your test so if you're taking the paper exam please make sure you know when and where you're going so you are doing a bubble sheet response for this are you doing the bubble sheet tomorrow or have you already done it right so no stress do not stress if if some people are like oh yeah I did a week ago and you didn't it is completely a school thing you didn't miss anything okay when where and what are you supposed to be meaning especially because of covid what if your school is not open do you know where you're going in the morning and make sure you're there right get there remember your number two pencils get a good night sleep tonight eat before that test it's two hours where some APS are three so it's a little shorter but it's two hours right in the morning right so get yourself a little coffee get yourself some healthy good stuff to eat it's a long time to sit still don't bring your hat your phone food drinks that kind of stuff I'm gonna throw the next slide up which is talking which is really a thing I found on Twitter awesome um from the College Board little what to bring what not to bring tomorrow for the paper test so most of it is what I already said but it does clear up some uh little stuff about p uh food and and water drinks that kind of stuff bring your number two pencils you guys really don't have the black or dark blue ink you don't have um free response questions on this right you don't need to bring a calculator tomorrow if you are taking that fourth bullet if you are taking the test where um there we go if you are taking the test somewhere that is not your school building which could be right depends on Co so if it's not at your own school please treat it as if you were taking an SAT your an Act take a license or school ID with you that has your picture on it right um a mask it just is part of our attire right so take it whether you need it or not you probably do but take it with you anyway hand sanitizer if you are somebody that wants to bring hand sanitizer with you they will this year allow it in a testing room but it has to be under your desk right so if you are somebody want to walk in sanitize your seat or your desk or wherever you're sitting to take it and then you can store that under the desk water and snacks please realize they're not allowed in the testing room that's a college board rule but when you get to wherever you're taking the test say it's in a gym or a cafeteria or a class or something there will be an area outside of that where you can leave phones p that'ss food and drink please realize you can't have that during the test you will get a break and during that break with Proctor permission you can have a drink or a snack okay um the only exception to that is if you have some kind of medical condition where you have a letter in hand with you from the College Board saying that you can have food or drink that's the only exception all right so you also May if you have extended time if you have any other accommodation exceptions or adjustments that then would be a letter again if if you're taking this with your own you know guidance counselor there and everything they already know it they have it on record but if there might be a possibility that somebody doesn't know you then take it with you things to not bring don't bring anything electronic don't take your phone smartw watches fitness trackers any kind of stuff in there don't try and record the questions on the test like that's just silly don't bring any reference sheets notes anything with you don't bring scrap paper if you're allowed to have anything they will give it to you even just a regular watch if it is a watch that like beeps on every hour don't bring it they're not going to allow it in there anything that could distract or take away from anybody taking the test no earplugs and don't I know everybody owns lots of computer science t-shirts leave them home tomorrow so don't wear anything having to do with the test right all right now we're jumping into those the minority but those not taking the paper test tomorrow please realize you have to download and you have a teacher right who should kind of help you with this even if you're doing an independent study your guidance counselor or your AP coordinator should help you with this you need to download download and install the testing app that has to be installed on the computer that you're taking the test from it can only be a laptop or a desktop that does include school man Chrome books right so if you are a onetoone school that's what that means their practice example questions are in there I highly recommend them do that and it's not just for extra practice which is great too but it's to make sure you see how things are going to work the day of the test okay a fonts it's all showing up on the computer is it going to give you a headache that kind of stuff one to three days before each exam complete the setup again you have to take that or do this little setup check on the computer you're taking the test from then the day of the test be there on your computer 30 minutes ahead you need to kind of log in and give it time to um like get the lockdown browser all that kind of stuff and the last thing this is huge because it's different because it's the first digital exam platform we have if you skip a question you cannot go back and do it later keep that in mind I put a link there for you collegeboard.org a2021 says most of the stuff that I put in here just in I think it's 25 P so I kind of condensed it for us reference sheet is also there so hopefully you have seen the reference sheet throughout the year um it's called Uh student student sections or student um papers and that's all great so we will talk about that but be familiar with it right the interface the layout look a little different on the testing application than they do on the paper test so be familiar with what it's going to look like don't the day of the test be like oh no I don't remember where everything is Cam go back to the questions you see I'm going to say that a couple times just to remind us you can of course do that on the paper right you can flip pages back and forth all day long you cannot on the digital and it's not that they're trying to penalize everybody anybody it is a testing security thing feature so you get up you go to the bathroom you try and find out an answer you come back and you go back to a question right they're trying to keep everything fair so realize that exam description directions exam directions will not be read by a proctor if you're taking the digital exam they will be there in the application and the reason I point that out to you is you can look at the exam directions again I got some links in here for you you can read the directions ahead of time so if you're somebody that you either take a little time read slow get distracted you can absolutely they're the same directions on all of the practice test stuff so you can read those exam directions ahead of time and make sure you know what's going on I want to point that out to you because there isn't going to be a proctor where you click the button and somebody will read those directions to you they're just in written form also the exam timer starts when the directions appear so although you know teachers always say we want you to read the directions do so quickly and if you're nervous look at them ahead of time time so the full text of the exam section directions can be seen ahead of time check in 30 minutes ahead just to make sure everything is good no computer issues and then remember again my third time right if you skip a question you can't go back to it later all right I had some students say well which one is the easier test or is there a benefit should I take the paper should I take the digital and I do want to just point out to you there is an exam page I put the link here you'll have access to it after this recording you can go check it out yourself all versions will cover the full scope of the course content and I say that because it's not going to be that tomorrow's test will be easier because it's two weeks earlier or anything like that so I do want to point that out all three administrations are going to cover all the stuff that you learned okay both paper and digital the end of course exam will will consist of the typical multiple choice stuff right so I wrote it here for you you got 70 questions to do in 120 minutes that there's going to be a b c and d so four answer choices that's going to count for 70% of your grade the other 30% like I mentioned comes from our create test so notice here the is a little difference it's still not a benefit where you know somebody's test is going to be easier but I do want to point this out to you so the first 57 questions are choose the best answer right and then we'll have the five single select with the reading passage that's what used to be if you have anybody that you knew took it in the past that was what we called the explore task and then the last eight questions will choose the best two answers okay you do get partial credit if you get one of them right and one of them wrong so I did put here the note difference here the only difference is six of the choose the two best answers instead of eight that's the only difference okay all right so if you have any questions feel free type them into the chat the Q&A for Rachel and absolutely can unmute let me know if you have any kind of questions as well all right same thing going to the next sheet I have two links here just want to kind of show you they are a little repetitive or a little redundant I would say in the college board but but you don't have to log in to see them and if you haven't seen them yet or you lost them and want to see them again here they are so one link is 25 pages and it's called the student handout this is twofold it is uh the first few pages are how to do the create task and then the reference sheet if you just want to see the reference sheet that I sent you just a separate link for so this is absolutely available during the end of person exam and it is available on both paper and digital so don't worry that one has it one doesn't it also I like how it does go through the block based and the text based if you see this this is what it means okay so if you haven't seen that we absolutely can take some time to go through there but I think that at this point we did that in the earlier crams so you also would have access to those you know other one hour crams as well so that would be our first one our our cram plus big idea one there also was uh CRS for big idea one 12 3 four and five and then after that was a create task cram and all of the student handout I did in there as well going go back to the other recordings you have questions on that absolutely at any time Discord or slack reach out to us and we'll and let us know we will help you find the recording if you don't have access to it or can't find it so you will have that six-page reference sheet I really like to I've had some of my students every year say I didn't even use it true you might not but I want you to know it's there and I want you to have looked at it ahead of time and know what's on it and how it works and where stuff is moving right along this is our create task right again we did have a cram for it so I just want to kind of hit the big things and these are links right so if you want to come back to them or look at them you absolutely can any time so the very first one again is the link the same is the previous page that has the oh it's about 15 pages 15 or 16 pages on how to create how to do the pre performance task how to start to end also a create task walk through uh there is a one hour webinar and if you you know can't get it to work through here it's also right on the College Board website you can just do collegeboard.org go into courses look for create task under the CSP uh I like that because some people really would prefer a video instead of text walkthrough completely up to you also this AP digital portfolio you already have access to this and you have to submit your create task in there okay all right so we are doing amazing why don't you let me know if anybody needs more if I went too fast do we need to kind of jump in to anything on the first 14 slides before I move along so here is my kind of first use of pair deck for today to just kind of see how you're doing so for example you have and we're thinking that pair deex should be the same there should be a parck link on the summary tab below the video in Vimeo I also put the link right here on this slide I'm going to give a few seconds to do that see if you can access hair deck oh I'm just seeing um looks like we may have you guys may be so lucky you might have te house as well we might have two ta answering and questions for you now you will see myself and Miss Choy kind of bounce back and forth between the um Google slides that were in right now and pair deck I'm just going to leaving this here and then I will switch over so that I can [Music] see what your responses are and then I'll be back because there there's not the um captions in pair deck so kind of just be moving back and forth just to make sure that you are okay with everything but I wanted to give you a chance to check that out all right so I am just going to switch over to pair deck just to [Music] see how it's working honestly for for all right we'll see this might might give us a different link we'll see in fact I bet it will so I might have to bear with me while I check out I am sharing so you should be able to see this different link if it is different we will see sometimes pck will do that for us yep it in so I apologize for that being a little different I am sharing if you can give me a little bit of your thoughts in there I will come back into the slides and put the new Link in there for you you guys are so good so Flex all thank you guys so much we should really never know know but we should have like one more little change as myself was Choice switch and she'll have a different pair deck but we'll see so that might be affected by this uh change in the van link so we are about one hour in and so my big question to you is how are you feeling so far any questions you have on what I did on like the administrative stuff got any thoughts [Music] comments for okay awesome let [Music] us slide back here so I can put into present mode so we can get those captions back for you okay so there we go back back all right moving along awesome job on my on the first hour you guys are fantastic there's kind of the administrative maybe a little boring stuff but we will jump right into it so this is where people were asking can I have this overview of Big Ideas can I have the what's on it the content where does it fall what percent that kind of stuff so I tried to do that all on really one big slide okay so this is the slide slide 16 where if you're not sure what big idea is what what's it titled how much is it on my test and so on so remember we got 70 multiple choice questions that they're playing with this is the breakdown puet so that's where you can see where I said all right I am going to uh spend a little extra time on big idea 3 because it's a third of your test right so we want to give it kind of its due so where I had mentioned originally on the slides that I might start big idea one in that first hour didn't happen which is perfectly fine we will get big idea one and two done in the next hour and then we'll still have a good chunk of time for big idea three that's where you know people had asked me can we do some programming some uh code tracing different and stuff like that all right good moving on we are going to jump into big idea one so big idea one here it is it's called creative development it's about 10 to 133% of your test right so we're talking maybe you know 10% of 7 they maybe seven questions on tomorrow's or whatever test that you're taking right so what I did is I I kind of gave you what each idea and this will be that way for each of the five what the big idea is called what percent it is and then in my next slide what are the content topics again this is what you guys asked for when I when I was kind of doing those one hour crams I had people asking me uh what what are the content strands what are the topics that are on each okay so for this one for big idea one it is four bullets I guess or subtopics right so what I did is I kind of broke that down on the next slide as well so here's the content slide or content topic slide to tell you our big idea one covers collaboration in computer science program function and purpose program design and development and identifying and correcting errors so again what I have on the next slide is a little more explanation to what each of those are because collaboration is huge right so like a little better explanation collaboration is computational thinking practices how can collaboration in the computer science World in problem based learning in a job that's problem based how can that help us so computational solution design and responsible Computing under our program function in purpose the next one again three little bullets or Min side bullets when I look at the questions this is what the College Board is putting on there so you have computational solution design abstraction which should sound familiar right from our create test and code analysis That's goes to one with our pseudo code stuff program design and development we have computational solution designs code analysis again right understanding that there's definitely some over over flow right in all three of these here and responsible Computing and the last one identifying correcting errors what we call troubleshooting right and computational solution design and code analysis all right moving right into some of these questions right so choose an option on pirac I will read it to you I know some people are kind of move through this quicker than me a company that develops educational software wants to assemble a collaborative team of developers from a variety of professional and cultural backgrounds which of the following is not a benefit at assembling such a team collaboration that includes diverse backgrounds and perspectives can eliminate the need for software testing collaboration that includes diverse backgrounds and perspectives can help the team anticipate the needs of a variety of software users collaboration that includes adverse backgrounds and perspectives can help the team avoid bias and finally colle collaboration that includes diverse backgrounds and perspective can reflect the strengths of individual team numbers remember here the word not which is not a benefit of a sembling of collaborative team with a variety of background so go ahead put your answer in let's see what to think nice oh good I love this guys you're doing [Music] awesome good good good looks like everybody's getting it of those right I apologize let me know if I need to slow down you guys are doing so good this again because of the word not right collaboration in diverse backgrounds is absolutely not going to eliminate the need for software testing right so the need for software testing is not going to be eliminated even with effective collaborators we're still going to need to um test the algorithm in the program to make sure that it is giving us our expected outcomes great job okay next moving right along right and I'm trying to notice up at the top right these questions here what you'll see if in case you are new to this pramming with me I'm going to hit each of those contents some the big ideas of big or the sections the sub ideas of the big idea I will give you the full question on my first slide and a lot of times on the following slide I will give you sometimes I'll explain why answers are wrong why I would not say because they will always say best describes not saying that they're kind of giving themselves a little break might not be the only right answer but this is the best one right I also you'll see that each Progressive slide that I do I will kind of narrow down and get rid of some of the Clutter of the question right so just kind of be aware of that you'll see me I kind of put dot dot dots or highlight different things right and when we get to the error errors troubleshooting I'll kind of walk through through those as well so in the following procedure again go ahead you don't have to wait for me some people are already answering on paradex which is awesome I give you this it's called a block based procedure little kind of language agnostic assume that X is an integer which are the following best describes the behavior of the procedure nice I love seeing all these answers coming in you guys are so good a it displays nothing if x is negative and true otherwise nothing if x is negative and false otherwise true if x is negative nothing otherwise and true if X is negative and false otherwise okay so look at this mystery right which is not a great name we talked about how we want good names for our procedures but they just call this mystery procedure X so X is less than zero gets stored in y if why display why okay so what we're looking at is X is negative and it's stored in y so we are going to find out that it is going to display true if x is negative because that's what this means X is less than zero so I'm looking for something like C or D and it does not tell me it just says if this is true so if you have a negative number stored in y right so if Y is true and it has a negative value in it display it it does not say otherwise display something else so I'm GNA go with Choice C good job so when X is negative Y is assigned to the value true and the value of y is displayed when X is not negative nothing's going to happen there is no display statement that's ever going be executed good job okay okay uh moving this one is program function and purpose the next one is the design and development so program design and development and you will notice I'm kind of throwing out and I will always throw the hard questions at you at the cray right I would love nothing more both Miss Choy and myself we would love nothing more than if the day of the test you're like oh my gosh this is a piece of cake the cray was so much harder right so we are p the tough questions we want to do the tough ones with you to move your learning along right so in this procedure the parameters X and Y are both integers which of the following is the most appropriate documentation I don't know about you but this is something my students would prefer me not make them do right we don't always love documenting but I can tell you as I was a programmer before I went into education huge right especially I work in a bank situation I couldn't do the entire Pro program just for security reasons so I couldn't steal all the money I guess but they take safety precautions right so you have got to document that is a really big thing if you're thinking about going into something in programming in the future so in the following procedure parameters X and Y are integers which is the most appropriate documentation right so as we're looking at this well I think even just for math right don't we have a real big issue with we can't have zero in the denominator right so that's the first thing that jumps up to me I think that I would definitely document something about the fact that if x is zero this thing's not going to work so as I'm looking at the choices um definitely seeing that we we actually it's okay whyly is zero so I definitely think X must not be zero so already my taste test taking strategies are saying let's move it down to a and C it's got to be one of those okay and the next uh they added they moved the parentheses that's what the issue is so a is not correct because notice they're going to do x + y first and then take that answer and divide by X so I need to do this first or put it in parentheses so I'm going to go with Choice C good job I only saw a couple people looks like everybody which I was wondering about that right if you're not somebody that loves math would you remember that it's only the bottom that can't be zero some people I was worried would kind of get distracted by D but looks like majority of you are giving that X must not be zero which is awesome nobody chose B and then looking at the order of the parentheses to kind of let you come up with that final answer of C so the code segment first adds it's pretty much what I said right we're going to add X and Y and then take that result and divide it by X so the value of x must not be zero otherwise we would get a divide by zero error be an issue okay good job all right so moving on to the next one next one up says identifying and correcting order or errors sorry not orders a homework assignment has 10 questions on it the assignment is going to be graded as follows so over here got this if you got nine or 10 questions you get a check plus get seven or eight that's a check under seven is a check minus right so let num correct be the number of correct answers for a student the code segment is intended to display the grade based on num correct okay so this one just because there was so much Lighting in it I did kind of spread it to a third slide so my first is just us looking at this but I know some of you are moving quicker and ready for that hair deck so let me just kind of show you the next slide that allows you to enter good so coming in for those who are a little hesitant or to join the the pair deck yet if the number correct is greater than seven then we need to also check is it nine or bigger otherwise if it's bigger than seven but not nine or bigger we did a check minus right now I will say please read you know when you're doing this the reason I have write your response instead of choose a choice is because right here says select two answers so I see some people are just kind of checking one right good all right so yeah you can you can just even rewrite the response or back that up change your response however you want to do that or if you just added one that's fine I'm still looking to see if you got one of them right awesome so uh it says which of the following values is it not going to give us the correct grade okay well let's look here and if we choose nine if the number is bigger than seven and nine are bigger I got to check closer okay that that came out okay right and great so so nine does work which one does not if I got an eight so I do have my numb correct my eight is bigger than seven got it then when I check the if numb correct is nine or bigger it's false right so that's going to give us a check minus so I think Eight's not going to work right right because eight is bigger than seven but not bigger than nine we're going to end up getting a check minus so going to walk through that and again I I see a lot of people gave me the eight or the B response especially if you were just check two answers you did great between A and B those of you now I'm seen a few more people it looks like yep coming in with the other um which is D the other correct answer if I have seven it's not bigger than seven so it'll jump all the way down here and give a check which is true so that works fine let's [Music] see um I'm just just getting the little comments on the hair jack is not being sync up and I'm seeing some responses so maybe not all so let's check let me move to this kind of while we're looking at it I'm kind of checking checking paod back as we go guys but you are doing well with this unless at least kind of yeah yeah okay so good so just kind of looking through at some stuff and if paru is working for you that is awesome and we're going to actually take a kind of brain break in a few minutes and that'll give me time to like play and recheck how's that so we talked about eight or Choice B also want to kind of talk about D which is my second correct answer right so this would be those last five eight questions on the test where you choose the best two answers when num correct is six you look at this and six is not bigger than seven so it actually goes all the way down and gives us a check but we should have a check minus so two times that it does not work correctly which is when we have an eight or a six okay so that was our big idea one and again that's maybe one of the tinier ones right it's about 10 to 133% so just going to kind of give you maybe um I'm just going to kind of Escape out of here for a second and just going to kind of check let see if I can just object quickly we'll see maybe not okay this is the slide I was talking about where the 10 to 13% so big idea one definitely that troubleshooting and documentation is something that I'm seeing the college gr Qui you know questions on the test on but still is one of the smallest and then we're kind of also going to hit big idea four is the next smallest right but I wanted to leave you know about 40 minutes or so to hit big idea two but I also want to be mindful of your sanity and you were amazing the first 20 minutes or so but I just want to make sure if you need a break my intent was to kind of give us a full stretch and stuff after big idea to make us you make sure before we get into big idea three that we're good let's see my link is up here so let's see if me switching to hear 's all right so we are looking at big idea two which like I just said a second ago I'm just kind of showed you the slide shut a couple to make sure okay so big idea two jumping right in into the next one this big idea too is all about data and it is 17 to 22% of your test score and of that multiple choice right and so that is maybe um you know 20% of it right of of 70 questions so that's a fifth of the exam it's a decent chunk right so we want to kind of be thinking about that and what I did again like the others I broke that down into into the little subtopics okay which again that was people asked for they wanted to say which content goes in each big idea so that's what we're doing so after each big idea and I explained the percentage and then brot down the bullets that are included in there as well as my third or my next slide on this is going to also have like a breakdown of that what the heck is binary numbers what do I mean by the um compression okay now I am just so that I have the uh just so I have the um just go here just so you guys have the captions I'm kind of going back and forth between the Google slides and pair deck okay but I do want to make sure that we have the captions and the laser pointer and I will just kind of continue to I'm kind of work in a second machine looking at the pair deck okay all right so next the breakdown screen that I just was on a few seconds ago binary numbers data compression extracting information from data and using programs with data this is where just going to Ed another screen and try to break this because I know it can be a little intimidating if you don't understand what they're asking for right so again binary is here hexad desin was not this year so that was another little change evaluate solution options Implement an apply an algorithm and explain how abstraction manages complexity of a program uh computational thinking practices evaluate solution options noce see right there there's some overlap in there extracting data extracting information from data computational thinking practices explain how knowledge can be created from the data right so that's some people think of it as like a statistics thing the more data I have or collect the more useful my knowledge is that can sometimes be true and Describe the impact of gathering data and the last of fourth content bullet for this one using programs with data Implement and apply an algorithm again you see the overlap from these two and explain how knowledge is generated from data again this is very similar but this is knowledge created from data and knowledge generated very similar okay I am moving into this few problems just going to kind of same thing you'll see that in my sample question it'll tell what which the questions are and it'll tell which of these content ideas all right so sample question one for the binary numbers a certain programming language uses four bit binary sequences and so I gave you an example here came in the question right four bit one two three four means a string of four digits they are binary sequences so each will be either a zero or a one or in length it is if somebody loves this kind of stuff when you have eight it is called a bit when you have four of them it's called a nibble so we have um these four binary four bit binary sequences representing the decimal value five using this programming language we are going to attempt to add the decimal values 14 and 15 and assign the sum to the variable total which the following best describes the result of this operation so you take a second see if we're having better luck with the hair deck and let's going of go over there was some question as we were looking at this some people saying that the pair deck is fro there we go okay good now I'm seeing them coming in so it looks like if we were having issues on the hairu looks like I had to come off of the Google Slides where the captions are but we will catch up in a second right so whether you're watching this later as a recording or kind of reading through it now good I'm I'm just kind of pausing here to give people a chance because it looks like like we just about halfway there for people who are participating in it so I don't want to show responses until okay for those who are just kind of like me almost halfway those of you who would like me to kind of read that along you have 010 one stands for five now we want to add the decimal values 14 and 15 we want to call that total tell me what's going to happen when we're looking at total doing well you have about 10 seconds if you want to finish up add to that and I'm going to kind of show it right on this presentation I apologize I don't know if what happened before the little freeze up but I was kind of working a second machine and so I also want to be mindful that if you want to see how you guys are doing I was saying oh everybody's doing well let's make it so you can see that as well okay got we're good we got more than half so let's kind of look at this oh yeah you guys are still doing well on this good so the majority of people are correct saying 95 I'm sorry saying Tracy good job so again I'm just going to kind of jump back and forth but I'll stay on the same machine and see if that keeps us from freezing so my captions just so you so you can still hear me but I also want you to be able to see the captions a certain programming language we already read that whole question an overflow error is going to happen because when we add 14 and 15 we'll get 29 but the largest binary value that we can do is if all of them are ones and that is 15 so we're going to end up with an overflow error because the biggest that we can do is 15 so as soon as we add any anything to that it's larger so we'll get a overl error okay next talking about data compression so which which of the following is an advantage of a lossless compression algorithm over a lossy compression Al right so again if at any point you need these definitions again when we get into the further ones I do toss up like especially the idea four has a lot of definitions so I did bring those into our earlier crams we've been doing in the last eight weeks or so but lossless and lossia I did not bring in so I just I think most people when you hear the the language it's not that bad for them so when we're talking about the loss less okay I always explain it to my students as um a picture whether it's a picture of an ocean or a forest or something let's think about an ocean we have an ocean there's a lot of blue right a lot of that same color lless means that we're going to keep it we're going to use all of that as is which is going to be a larger picture right larger memory views lossy means that if we could really just take one pixel of that blue or whatever color the water is and just kind of say yeah the rest is really like this so we can allow some ability to make things smaller right so um but when we're done we really want to re be able to reconstruct the data right so we can reconstruct the complete with loss less lossy that maybe a little worry when they lose a little so as we're looking at this again can you add it into the pair deck what's an advantage of lossless compression over lossing okay now there we go so it looks like that is I'm going to have to just make sure to use this otherwise it seems to be freezing a little bit on you so what's an advantage of a lossless compression over lossy compression as I I was giving the definition that kind of gave it away a little bit let's see how you're doing for all right let's see what you think on fire again um again like I mentioned we do try and choose the harder questions right I'm going to go back just so we kind of reee this you see where I wrote the definitions kind of down on the bottom just to maybe explain if you are that didn't get Choice B right so lossless compression guaranteed to be an exact reconstruction of the original lossy compression is not okay let's check the next one moving into extracting information from data and this one um because there are two answers I will when I kind of flip over to see that response again I'm just going to kind of go back and forth just so I can use the captions as I'm reading it a student is creating a website intended to display information about a city based on a city name that a user enters into a text field which of the following are likely to be challenges associated with the uh processing city names that users might give as an input so for a again we want two answers that's why my care de is a written response users might attempt to use the website to search for multiple cities users might enter abbreviations watch my captions a users might attempt to use the website to search for multiple cities B users might enter abbreviation for the names of cities C users might misspell the name of the city and D users might be slow at typing the city into the text field so we're looking at a student creating a website which are challenges and that's perfectly fine I'm seeing some people are just entering one answer but you guys are as you're kind of seeing in here you guys are watching it this is awesome we got um an A so I want to chck through the a answer but looks like people are getting one answer or both answers perfect fine good job scroll through rest yeah the only one I saw was an A or question on C good and I like that because again I wanted to kind of talk about some test taking strategy because we are taking this test right you guys see that pking off the captions all right we want to kind of talk about this as a from a test taking strategy correct and I think when we look at this question and it says which of the following is likely to be challenges maybe D is not a terrible it is wrong but maybe it's not terrible but if you find the two decent answers before that try to distract you from it which is probably fine next um majority of you got B and C or one or the other of them right I did have some people that put in a right so it says that we're looking for challenges which are likely to be challenges with processing city names then they might put in so if they are trying to search for multiple cities I agree that that could be a challenge but I don't think that that's the the biggest challenge right and that sometimes is an issue that's why I chose this if we're using the website to search for multiple cities then we're not actually reading what that website was designed for and so that can be an issue but I also think that they're trying to process information and it says one City at time right so although that could be an issue it's not really a website issue it's probably a user issue okay so moving along to this my student is creating the website. that we're looking for the challenges city names users might enter abbreviations and if those are not kind of put in there you might you know confuse the website because cities could absolutely be abbreviated differently this might require the student to clean the data to make it uniform before it can be processed so might actually have to have like a programmer or somebody look at it to make sure you understand it before the process to use and of course the issue that if you misspell it how is that taken by the website so if you misspell there not going to be an exact match to the programming behind the website so again student might do need to clean or look at any data so how are we going to be dealing with those problems is what they didn't answer this question but what could be the challenges associated with it all right this one a little more involved just because you know it's a lot for one for one slide right so this is where kind of I wrote The question as I found this and then the next I kind of shortened up my question here so that I could then put the choices on the next page so let me kind of read this with you and then I'll bounce back to the parir deck just so we can see and make sure we're we're able to get the right choices and see count the number of shows that meet both of the following criteria one it has to be a talk show two it is on Saturday or Sunday then it tells us that genre contains the genre as a string so here's our genre right here that's going to be St as a string and day contains the day of the week as a string which will evaluate to true if the show should be counted and false otherwise okay so that was where again I put a lot of this and you'll see on the next slide I just kind of condensed it a little bit just so I can fit in the choices for and while you're kind of looking at that I'm going to kind of give you a second here and then bounce over to hair deck just to make sure that that doesn't freeze on us and that we can actually see and enter all right I'm going to mounce over to hair dck let's see how you're doing for for okay um broke our 50% part looks like people are still responding I'm just going to kind of move forward to one slide I won't give you the answer right away because people are still responding but I do want to kind of move forward and say as I was reading this question right can be a little intimidating because I have like a spreadsheet type thing it's different than I'm used to seeing I have to talk about genre which I don't even even know what those words might mean they're strings these are called booleans because they're true and false right so this can be a little intimidating again why we chose it right but what I did here is I kind of showed I have to go back a second just to see how many people responded but um I was able to cross out c and d and my main thinking for that is it has to be a talk show and Saturday or Sunday so the fact that it's an and anything that you know isn't a talk show or anything that has an ore in it is not going to be correct so my very first thing didn't really help me because all four choices said genre is talk right but the next part Saturday or this point here Sunday right so I'm really going to say I probably not see I also might be able to you know kind of say all right based on what I just said there would anybody get a because it says Saturday or Sunday so maybe the piece missing here is this it's a talk show and it's on Saturday or Sunday right so let's look I'm leaning towards B awesome nobody f for D that's that's the one that I would hope that we would be able to cross out right away right good so absolutely agree I am going to lean towards for it to catch up yep I'm going to lean towards B for a show to be counted genre has got to be talk and day has to be Saturday or Sunday so it did say on that very first Slide the criteria it has to meet both of the criteria so the reason that the the fact that it says it has to meet both of the criteria going back to the original question has to meet both of the criteria so that implies it's an end has to be a talk show and it either has to be Saturday or Som so you see how it's a little tiny and I thought Mr it could be a little U maybe confusing or make you think twice or doubt yourself because it said both it didn't say and right so it gave us the or but it didn't give us the in so if anything it made us doubt oursel a little bit so because it has to satisfy both of those I would say and has to be in between and then they gave us the or so hopefully that was kind of helpful to like majority of you did um to get rid of a and C good job okay so we are through two big Ideas we are doing fantastic and you guys are so good because we even made up or didn't lose any time that so we are right where I would love to be just kind of saying hey how are you doing how's it going I'm pretty good right now and maybe I'm just gonna kind of add in a question here if I could I think it got I don't know it's probably on one of the other ones or something but I want to make that into a slide for you so I can also go over the PA can see what your responses are okay I would love to know how you're doing so far what looks like I'm not getting responses from me so let's let's see if I can do a no I I don't want to do anything like M this up so I was hoping I could just incorporate that but I think because I'm already running it does not want to let me do that which is okay so if you want to either add to the discussion or unmute and just shout it out to me that is absolutely fine as well my intent here is just to give you a couple minutes right have a little brain break how are you doing so if you need to you know get up stretch do some jumping jets go to the bathroom get something to eat or drink that would be a great time to do it let's see my uh computer says 252 so oh how about we go five minutes so about 2:57 I'll be back not that I'll be here the whole time but I will give you so that you don't like Panic thinking that you're missing anything okay I'm going to keep this in present mod just so that I can if there are any questions the captions will be and the recording and all of that okay so what I just repeated again it's I'm going to give you five minutes so until 2:57 if you need to do anything stretch take a break for five minutes I am leaving this in Google slides with the captions on just in case anybody does unmute ask any questions or has anything for me I want to be able to see it in the recording so anybody comes back to this so go ahead and take a couple minutes and I will see you back in about four or five minutes e e e e e for [Music] this is your one minute warning and I am just playing with the captions there so I just wanted to make sure captions are still [Music] working I will resume here in about 10 seconds e for okay so here we are we are starting off and we are on to big idea three so this is the big one 30 to 35% of the multiple choice questions are going to fall into one second just working on the behind the scenes for you guys so we don't so we make sure everybody's here for you all right so this is big idea three and I always tell my students if and doubt this is where it is right so if you're not sure on how to do something or you are looking up practice problems or anything like this chances are it's a big idea three unless it's you know one of the other topics I've mentioned but this is the one where we're following through on sudo code and there are like 18 content ideas here okay so I'm going to spend a little more if you were able to be at the 2hour cram we actually you know extended F will extended this to a 2hour pram for you back a few weeks ago I'm going to use um different questions so some of the slides of your repeats on like definitions and stuff but the more the majority I brought the different questions in unless they were the hardest I could find already but we're looking for the ch challenging questions so that again the day of the test looks easier that would be our hope for you so big idea three algorithms programming 30 to 35% so you get one screen on the next one and that is because there are 18 content ideas so this one is huge all right so as we're looking at this I am going to read through them just so we catch it all in the captions for you so as we're looking at this again there are 18 content topics variables and assignments math expressions Boolean Expressions nested conditionals developing algorithms binary search developing procedures random values algorithm efficiency data abstraction strings conditionals iteration lists calling procedures libraries simulations and undecidable problems okay so without too much further Ado I really want to kind of jump into problems because of course as you could imagine there are some cases I do have more than one question but we're talking at least 18 questions to get through right so I do kind of intersperse every once in a while I will shorten questions talk to you about how um I think the test taking strategy can kind of help you how to eliminate some of the choices get the best choice we'll be still using pck and then we'll take another break because this is a long one and then we will do big idea 4 where it's a little bit more definitions okay so I'll be tossing in some some ideas for that for you so this one variable is open the variable called is open is going to be used to indicate whether or not a store is currently open which of the following is the most appropriate data type for is open okay I'm kind of giving you a second here if you want to pop your answer into parck I will wait about 10 seconds in case you're looking at these and want to answer right away but then before I give you the answer I did just write out the definitions for each of these for you because if you're struggling for that and taking the test tomorrow we want to kind of make it easy for you I don't want to leave tons of things you got to go okay so let's move on to the next one where again before I give you that correct answer I just kind of wrote out some definitions for you that I hope were helpful I'm looking at a variable is open and I'm going to use that to store whether a store is open or not you may have seen this even on ways and Google Maps look up a business it'll say it's closing in 20 minutes or it may be closed before you get there that's what we're talking about here so what kind of variable would be the most beneficial a Boolean variable allows for two options yes no true false on off for string string is going to be um allows for characters to be together kind of like a name c allows any number integer decimal Etc and a list allows for a list your group of values how you doing give me a second so you can get in these answers e all right let's see not tons and it it absolutely could be maybe low on the response if people are slow coming back but please let us know if it's more of an issue that you really don't know need a little extra help or again if something happens with that back okay good all right let's see how you doing absolutely good so um Everybody recognized if we're asking if a company is open we're not using a number so that is fantastic good all right and so I was just kind of like looking at the other choices that people did kind of choose so I agree that that is outstanding that nobody thinks num so very pleased with that and just kind of want to talk about why the thoughts would not be string and not be list for this so string is going to allow characters to be together like a mean so the distraction could be if you thought is open with store a yes or a no for example you would be thinking string could be ye s the two the three letters together okay um and list used more in uh the CSA class and the yva class so um we do deal with some list but for this one really we're going to stick with um boole let me show you I'm hide the responses jump back here for a second all right so here are my definitions again which of the following is the most appropriate data type for is open I absolutely would lean thorns a right because a is my Boolean type which is the the store is either open or not open there are only two options for it and that's the nice part about the mov I would say um like I mentioned when we were back in KC number I would be my least likely Choice okay and uh between the string and the list I kind of explained and I was able to add in a pair deck kind of slide for how are you feeling right here so PIR deck question how are you feeling did you have any questions you would like to ask after that you know the two ideas that we've done so far so I'm going to kind of just show the responses so that I can look as they're coming in also feel free to let me know if I'm talking too fast too slow anything else that you feel you're not getting answered to yay I love Boolean so Boolean is the favorite Topic in in computer science that's outstanding awesome I was in the majority of these questions are not two cards so far and I love that too I love that response because I'm picking the hard ones right yeah still nervous about this exam tomorrow and I am super hopeful that you will feel so much better by the time we're done with the big idea five and hopefully you're okay with this that we're gonna we'll take we will absolutely be here for you for the whole time to get through everything and so because we had those little technical issues at the beginning we will be here until it's done so if we run a little late that's absolutely fine okay so we will don't worry we're going to kind of get the whole five hours in we'll make it all up doing the questions doing well on the questions I'm worried that the questions are easier no I am um choosing questions that are the harder ones so you are absolutely this is awesome and that's what some would say oh I I really would like to just do easy ones the day before yeah but I really would like you to think that the day of the test is really easy so it is true we're we're going to both Miss Choy and myself we're going to choose the harder ones just means that you're doing well on the topic so far so I wouldn't say that I'm choosing easy questions right now but you may find that you're just really good at these so far these are definitions and topics that you're good at and I got some challenging ones coming up too right so we got like faultless lossy losses we got some stuff that um we'll challenge you maybe if not that's awesome okay uh and that is fine I had somebody say um I'm doing well so far yes you can get the slides absolutely so you have access to the slides in um because you paid for this so because you signed up for this and you have access to you then have access to the recording on everything and the slid so you can come back to it whether it justce tomorrow or later so if you do need to leave at some point absolutely you ACC good yay no questions wrong yet that's awesome nope I'm G to pick the I'm GNA pick the middle of the road up to the harder ones you'll see good most of these not too challenging good correct [Music] awesome no no we don't want anybody to be mentally dying we we'll get you through it believe me the first half hour I was probably there with you nobody wants things to like not go well so we're okay good feeling prepared good good good good um this would be why are numbers the last the least lightly and on the last question we just went over because the is open we're trying to see is a store open and so number would just give five right so we're trying to see you want to check like you you ask Siri or you check in Google is a store going to be open what time does this store close do I have time to get there or not right so I don't want them to give me five back which might tell us 5 PM but a variable is just is open so we're asking for a yes or no not how many hours until it's closed or not what time does it closed so that variable is open really is just going to have two options it's either open or not so on that question I'll go back to that slide in just a second that yeah of course and so it's not what time does it close right so back to that question just so that we see that that's awesome good good good yeah I I thought so I'm hopeful that doing questions is good for me as well I think yes your brain's turning to Mush this will this will come and go right and so those brain breaks every hour deeply important right to get up shake your head a little bit good an example for a string would be um the plaza or the address the address of that business for example okay or if they wanted to in the is open is it ye s or n o okay so we were going to put letters into an answer a number again would be how long until right enter the number of minutes until it closes or what time does it close but if you were doing a number it would just be five you wouldn't be able to do 5:00 p.m or 5 a.m. for example and a list usually our list is really going to be saved for multiple values so if we took um all of the businesses in a plaza and asked yes or no for each of them going from one name to the other that could be stored in the list okay so great questions and can I clear up some of those good yep and I think I just did and a string would be uh the street address of that or the word y EX yeah those paragraph ones especially like you know I'm somebody that I don't want to read if it's a long paragraph right I just I want to kept my short questions Boolean yes Boolean means yes no true false so when I say with this store is it open what I'm looking for is um the calculator or computer would store that as a one or a zero so if you ever look on a light switch and you have a zero which is the off and a one which means it's on so circuits any kind of things like that that's Boolean so a Boolean has only two options yes no true false on off okay so in this case my variable called is open only has two options it wasn't um what time will it open or how long until it closes it is just a yes not is it open yes we are going to do some pseudo code I do know that's a huge huge thing good this session um 10ed was supposed to be from 1: to 6 and we're just kind of messaging as you guys on break that we will go until we get it done so if you're cool to hang out until 6:30ish that is um fine Miss Choy is kind of good and the main thing is if I need to look little extra time on big idea three to get everybody know feeling good about this we may run a little over right so it was about 20 minutes of that technical difficulty so just saying if we need to be taking an extra half hour then we can okay good and that's good so seeing if I'm going too fast or too slow stressed all right I get it we'll get you there might be going a little slow but understanding everything yeah and that's always tough with over 200 people right but we will good good good all right I can absolutely go quicker as long as on the other end somebody says easy let's go awesome good one wrong so far but feeling good so that is good I'm just going to kind of scroll through um these questions are coming from different review sheets that I have and um some right from college board so I've been teaching the AP principles for a while there are some like how to get a um how to get a five on the AP and there's different places I'm taking these from just because I don't want to give you all questions that you might have seen in class right yeah okay so on one of the breaks so if you need help on that performance test that I can answer anything let me know good job you guys are doing good okay so I'm going to move on to the next and just don't let me fly through too much Co okay so if you at some point just need to message then I'm kind of keeping track of things also on my on my uh I got two computers and my phone going so I'm if I do go too fast you feel free to Slow Me Down okay so I am just because we're moving a little quicker I'm going to stay in um pair deck for this just so you can start yes see you guys are entering before I'm even reading the question which is awesome okay but we are are getting a little more into variables assignment pseudo code so do not panic make sure you let me know if I'm going too fast this one is for example I'm going to trace through this Cod some people are doing awesome and already answering give you a second to read it and then what I'm going to do like I said is I'm just going to kind of use a couple screams to trace through and see what happens some people do really well on this and some people struggle so I did start with an easier one here just storage right and what does this mean which of the variables have 50 in it after running these six lines of code good so I'll give you about 15 seconds you know to get a few more responses in here but then you know because people said don't slow down any anym right I also want to be mindful of that so let's get through some of this stuff all right so looking through here I'm not changing so you can still be adding in in questions and I'll go back and look at those responses in a few seconds or in a couple slides but I want to kind of look at this and see so my first thing my first assignment here is saying 25 gets stored in a box called x 50 gets stored in y 75 gets sord in Z so those are what I call my initialization my first few things now each variable can only have one number or one value in it so looking at the next what happens it says take the value from y it doesn't mean get rid of it make a copy of the 50 that's in y and now put it in X so that's how 50 ends up in X then take the Z value 75 and put that in y so Y is no longer 50 and and then take my x value which by the way is 50 and put that into Z okay so little bit of um kind of playing and showing you how I got that so my answer is C I'm going to go back to the pck and see how you guys are doing less responses on this but those who did respond are getting C right so good and again I don't think it's that they're jetting harder but for some people traveling through these pseudo codes and kind of tracing through is the issue and if you think about it that almost is like human nature we're okay with lighting a paper but then when we have to go back and debug it or write another draas of it it's where we don't like it as much right so when we have this reading through and tracing through the code sometimes is not a favorite or you write a program and when you're done you're done and you hit run and it gives you five errors you don't want to do it anymore doesn't sound fine right so that kind of is human nature so how are you tracing through I tend to trace in what I call like a t-chart I just kind of wrote out like a little chart like this and cross out as each value changes I just want of keep track of that all right so that one like I said my answer was C next I am just giving you a couple definitions before I move into the next slide so my next slide is going to be data abstraction but I thought that that would be a good thing to spend some time on because that is sometimes something that abstraction in lists and I thought a comment earlier could I gave an example of it so that not like I was ignoring but I knew I had that kind of covered in my okay and I do spend a little time with the definitions coming up just because I know that this is tough so abstraction is preserving information that is relevant and forgetting about the stuff that's not right so so it says preserving abstract is preserving information that is relevant and forgetting or ignoring information that we really could say is Irrelevant in the context um list list is a data type that represent a countable number of ordered values stored in a single collection where the same value can happen in more than once and that's where I gave you the example of the plaza so if I think of like a shopping mall or shopping strip where have all these different stores and each element of the list is the time that they open in Time series that would be a decent use for list so a basic idea example of containers they have values that can be added to removed from if they are number values they could even be added or compared with each other so how long how many more hours is this store open than this store right so that would be an example but those two at least start definite um definitions I find that my students need me to go through your all right so a question about this data abstraction again move it your pace so if you see this question on par feel free to kind start answering programmer needs to round number values to the nearest integer which of the following best explains the benefit of using a list as a dat multiple choice one answer I want to round numeric values or number values to the nearest integer which one explains the benefit of using a list as an abstraction and I like some people are saying I did better now reading these paragraph ones and ones that have a lot of words on it not as intimidating right so let's kind of look through this and what I did is I explained why the three answers I didn't choose first so as I'm looking a little slower on the responses right now which this is a text Heavy question right so reading the choices keeping the numeric values in a list makes it easier to round to the nearest integer at the algorithm to round just kind of talking through here as you're making the choices the algorithm that I round with doesn't change whether I use a list or not so I'm not really leaning towards a keeping the number value in a list makes it easier to apply the same computation to every element that's absolutely true if you think about a spreadsheet and I want to uh double every value in there right if it's in a list I could just think of it as a dilation the entire thing just by multiplying that by that list so B could definitely be a a ronner here for the answer C keeping the number values in a list makes it easier to prevent a program from unintentionally changing the value of a variable nope how you store it is not going to change whether a program the change gets rid of something in there so it's not going to it's not that a list is more secure for example I'm saying and D keeping the number values in the list makes it easier to prevent a program from attempting to access an index beyond the length of the list no it it would make it more likely that the program L could um access beyond the length of list not last so I don't really agree with d either so I would say on my Max looks like we got a few of these so how'd you do good a little more confusion on those and that's why I'm going to go back to my slides but I'm still seeing majority of people are saying B which is awesome what I did here is I kind of wrote in different thoughts for each of these so algorithm that rounds does not make a difference if it's a number or in a list doesn't make sure it doesn't make a difference over where it St at all uh said I do like B uh using a list does not prevent a program from changing the value of a variable so have anything to do with it and introducing a list to a program makes it more likely that the program will to access beond the L not less right so those of you who got B absolutely agree that would be the one I went with so I put a couple things on my thoughts with what I'm going with be using a list as a data abstraction and result in a Freer it's easier to develop and maintain okay once I create that list the first time I can keep adding and taking values away from it I don't have to recreate it to come up with another variable for example and it's easier to apply the same algorithm to every element like I mentioned the dilation if I want to multiply every element double every element and it's easier to do if over in okay decent let's um go to another one and I am going to stay in hair deck cuz my very last my very next slide is a hair deck so since we're already here let stay give a second to read that and not going to top for for looks like people are popping in their answers here if you are given some code what are the contents of your list after the code segment is executed so we have a list right these lists I know are something that can be a little challenging right so uh my next couple slides are just a trace three of it like I said um previously on the other one because I think that it is helpful for you to come up with a way to trace through list though so 20 40 60 80 are stored into something called your list 1030 5070 go into my list and it says my list goes into your list it says what is going to be at your list when this code runs so when you're done let's me Happ right so I'm just I am going to take a g at the uh responses just to see how you did and then we will for people who are confused on it go through that as well all right so what I started out with I just kind of took the choices away for a second and said all right how this starts out is 20 40 60 80 gets to in this container called your list 10 30 50 70 get stored into a group or a box called my list next that's my first two right so like my initialization my next one says your list now is replaced with my list so I take the contents of my list and I sore it into your list so I got this 103 50 70 now the code is done so that is is the result till I would go with Choice a so great job those who've got a and I want to be mindful about those there's only a couple of you but I also want to be mindful of you know coming soon and after the next question I ask you about um do you know what something means and when I talk about that I'll also say are you feeling okay with list or do you even now talking help exp so my next question the AP exam does seem to ask you do you know how to swap values so I wanted to kind of talk about swapping devies because what I find sometimes is you just kind of think about if you were walking up to a person and you swap you know a baloney sandwich for or something like that and you can just exchange it right but it doesn't work with computer science so I'm going to go back a slide and show you here that only one thing can be in there so once your list is replaced with these values this is no longer in there right also once my list wres over into your list these values are gone so I can't just swap them right so so big thing is when I'm swapping values with computer science I need to think about a temporary folder so the reason I say that is a is going to be my first rejection on okay and I didn't I did not do pair deck for this because this is really just me saying um are you okay and do you know how to work this so yes it is a multiple choice question but I find that so many I find that repeat it one more time I find that many of my students coming through the principal's class don't realize that you know where can I and where can I not so I did not make this air deck just because I wanted to explain the idea to you of how you swap those right so which of the following would interchange the values of variables num one and num two so I think I've probably already given the teaser and enough I pretty much said it is not a it's not done how we humanly could do that just swapping two things at the same time once something is gone it's gone I can't put it into the work so my big thing that I always tell my students is that you have to have a temporary storage location in order to SW ER so it is not Choice P right I am kind of stalling a little because the other choices are kind of close to each other so I I absolutely do want you to see if you could come up with the correct Choice CU they're very similar to each other now what I did on the next screen on my next slide is kind of explain the other two incorrect answers and why they wouldn't so if you are somebody that you kind of are looking at this wondering if your answer is correct B is the correct answer I'm first going to explain how come it's not being SE so what I did here again I really like the teacher so if you were somebody that you're working on this tracing through code and you don't have a way that works for you already may want to you may want to think about this okay so I start out here Choice B says put num one into 10 so we originally start out with I got num one and num two in their stots right so it says take num one and put it into 10 okay so take num one put it into 10th over here okay and then it says take num one and put it into num two num one put it into num to uh okay but that didn't really finish or do anything for me right so it didn't swap out like what my new num two is going to be num two didn't do anything and on the next one I see again I got num one num two and 10 I'm going to put num one into 10 I'm also going to put num one into num two but the issue is I then num two is gone write it out because I put num one into both num two and 10 this value is gone and cannot then removed into here right so those are both similar in the way that it's not going to be effective so what I did here is I kind of broke this down a little bit more but I said the the first statement so let's assume the first one here is num one num 2 10 each of those variables now the first one is going to assign num two to go into the temporary storage which is good right then it says take num two and put it into num one that's the difference between this choice and choice C Okay the third statement is going to take the original value which are going to be from 10th back into and then I'm able to start them out so I thought that this question was a little confusing because they're so close so what I want to do for this is I just want to go back to the original we already said and I'm hopeful that the majority of you could say it's not a but between BC and D the difference is why it is D these are pretty close to each other they both all three of them start with the same thing but this is putting my temporary storage into num one not num one num two I want to slap and num two in here which but at some point B is wrong because at some point num two or t going to num one and even a t go into num one I didn't put num two in there first right so it's just the temporary storage happening to soon and then see I talked about how it just took the num one and put it back in or num one got moved to num two which is good but in so doing it end like that n two and n two is gone so it never ended up making it into so Choice D is the right one I do now move my cursor in case take a picture or something to kind of redig that read which is perfectly fine okay so that's where I said all right D is my correct answer and it is it's not that the well for some people it is that these questions are getting harder right just because the top of so that's why they're they're newer the beginning Big Ideas one and two are a little more common sense to most people and I feel like you could even do those without being tossed right so big idea three is where temporary storage lists booleans some different definitions kind of or big and big idea three and four okay all right here we go time to write another response for me for pair deck my question is do you know what mod means but also if you have anything else to say feel free mod stands for modulous and modul and while I'm giving you time to do this I'm going to pop over to par deck in about 10 seconds check out some of your responses and if you are needing anything else from me and also then going to be moving because the next slide is going to be a math question with M so as you're looking at at mod really what mod is kind of weird to some people it is what is the remainder there I populating the responses I'm going to check in here and see how you're doing yes yes some people new awesome good when you divide a number let's see what that's going to be awesome it is a remainder not not really and that's what we're here for right it means to get a remainder so as you're writing yeah of course we are re we are reviewing we got you um so perfect I love this example I was just going to kind of write one through so if I take um good looking at this this is awesome so four mod two is zero and those who don't understand it are like yeah that didn't help me think about any even number if I divide an even number by two the remainder is zero so although this says four mod two could be any even number 244 mod 2 means that whatever number you take first divide it by this and your answer is the remainder so any even number mod two the answer will be zero because if I divide any even number by two it goes in evenly so if it goes in evenly that means there's no no remainder if I take any odd number mod two the remainder will be one I do want to be clear that the answers are not just one or zero though okay so for example yeah this is all about the good I don't know how to calculate it without a calculator good it is the percent key which which is true and what we're really doing if you think back to even Elementary School doing long division for example if I take um oh I don't know let's take um the number 25 and divide by three if I take that number 25 and divide by three that's going to give me what eight and so if we do our long division or you know if we do any kind of division with our calculator perfectly fine 3 * 8 is 20 24 I would need to add one more to get to 25 so if I do my mod function 25 mod 3 means if I take the number 25 divide it by three that is my remainder my remainder is going to be one if I took 26 right I still would get that same kind of answer eight so what * 3 can get me as close to 2 6 as I can it's still going to be eight which is 24 now I have a remainder of two so I would say 26 3 = 2 okay good yes so remainder and so that's what this this is good this is kind of what we're looking at again I got zeros and ones and I am yeah we either see M OD or the percent for computer science means mod so what I want to do is I want to give you an example so that you see what this thing works like okay so for example this is the the next part called math expressions and so I am G to again I'm going to hit the easy ones I think most of you can do the add subtract right it's the mod if you see this show up on a test question I want to be able to do that and some of you need to see that so I have kind of a a couple math expression questions coming up tracing through doing mod this stuff that I know that we need a little better help with right so there's going to be two two math expressions here the first one I know that these students prob scker or get confused on your mod function so looking at this consider the following and you can absolutely good I got some people answering already consider the code put 23 into X and now tell me that Z is going to be xod y so my first thing is like well great but I 23 where's the rest of it so the confusing thing for some is how this test question is down here right they didn't kind of put it over here where it was e seen it's not part of the procedure or the CL 23 goes in for x two goes in for Z and it's actually asking for y so not only do you have to know mod but we cently have to figure out that they're not asking for the mod right they're not asking for the they're asking or what could I divide by so that the remainder will be two so I thought this was even a little challenging if you did already know what is so what I'm looking at here is 23 divided by what gives me a remainder of two so I think all right 23 divided one anything is divisible by one right so that's going to give me a zero if I do 23 / two it's an odd number so my remainder is for two right either zero or one and that's it all right I'm going skip three or skip C for a second because that is the correct answer but if I look at this one if I do 23 ided by 24 right so think about that if I do 23 / 4 what do you get six is too big right so we should be getting five 5 * 4 is 20 so isn't that division a remainder of three need a of two okay let's see how you guys did excellent good good a little bit on that confusion of division by one anytime we divide by one we will get a remainder of zero because everything can be divided by one right and the part B or Choice B tells me that you're doing really well let division by two zero or one we won't have a remainder of two okay so my next slide kind of clears that up a little bit I think or hope when I divide 23 by three the remainder is two so I say 23 3 is two what I really mean by that is if I do 23 divided by three right isn't that going to be 7 7 * 3 is 21 with two last so that's what we're talking about with okay [Music] and next one I'm going to kind of walk us through this next problem so I'm going to switch back so that we can have our captions on what I did for this next one all right so we just walked through the mod and now we do know what mod means it means the remainder there's our answer now this next one um I'm taking a few slides we're going to walk through it so you may want a piece of paper or something I'm going to kind of walk you through uh how I would Trace through this with the math expressions especially because I thought this was tough but some of my students messed this up with the order of operations here and then near the end right um after we kind of traced your leg pen I'm going to kind of ask you how did you do so another little SE section to say how did you do did you get it right did you not get it right so you can absolutely Trace through this a little quicker than me and get your answer a little quicker and the next page has um our choices right but again I'm choosing this long line so it might be a little intimidating to some people I have this code segment long right no parentheses so I got to think about my math order of operations what happens what displays when this code runs I'll help you and say it's not an error so I'm going to leave it here for a second and like I said when I'm doing a little differently on this question is you'll notice I said you know I kind of once I see what the question is what displays when the code runs that to me this is the actual question consider the following code segment what displays when it runs and I'm like okay that makes sense to me now it then says now it's time to trace through this code I do so without these choices you'll see on the next screen I'm just going to take the choices away for a second just so they don't distract to I'm going to trace through those first four one two three four five lines are just really initialization so I'll start with my initialization and then these next three that'll give me my final answer the display will be off AB C and D po right so so here's the question and the choices you absolutely can kind of do that on your own I'm going to step through each and talk about them kind of in baby steps just so anybody that has no clue can work through this so my first five are my initialization for me again I use what I I thought to me as like a t-chart I'm just going to kind of say each of the things that's given to me those first five is initial my next says x + B so I can go here and I say x + B 20 + 20 that is the new value that's going to Beed in and 20 + 20 is going to be sored in B so I crossed out my previous value because that reminds me it's not a list it's a variable you can only have one value in there any given time next line I kind of do that as well x + 1 so 20 + 1 is okay so I have those two steps this is the one that I wondered if people would make a mistake though I know that some that could like gave in class so Order of Operations Division has to happen before addition there are no parentheses here that say c plus d happens first so the issue becomes do you remember that so I have some saying this is a computer class why do they have to do math they just do what happens so I need to do my division first so my division first is going to be D / 2 40 / 2 which is 20 right then my next step is to take that answer t0 and add it to my C value so 20 + 30 is 50 that now is going to replace what was previously in D right so what I did there for my last step my display value it's saying display a b c and d i highlighted those it's going to and I I do like to do that also because is it displaying ABCD or adbc for example we still need to be careful when we're reading that and see how you did and next slide gives you the answer and it says how did you do so I pop back into were you able to trace through that with me and how' you do you're able to get Choice d Yay good good good awesome I love dopy shock you're doing good ah my teacher used to say computers are gum that's not that's not bad right and I've heard somebody say the computer or calculator is only as smart as the user which is maybe insulting sometimes right but the computer cannot make any assumptions right it's not artificial intelligence it doesn't pick anything up from or build on it they are just dumb as a Breck because they have to follow the code as you told it mess up parentheses good and that's why I picked this one right awesome awesome good good good forgot the order of operations right pendas parentheses ex ex uh parentheses exponents multiply and divide are on the same level and add and subtract are on the same level the other sense made sense good good good good I got it correct good I got a B and C but the parentheses thing right and that's why yes there's our parentheses you got it and that's what they won't explain right they won't say don't forget order of operations so yeah and that you're good so now this is it right this is where of course this is where I want I want to pull the hard ones right yeah your brain it's 110% so some people are saying hey super easy right uh I don't understand how I got 50 for D yep yep let me jump back to that wrote it down step by step and that's what I have to do yeah that's what I like because I do kind of treat it uh how the computer is going to do it yes absolutely these questions are the correct difficulty yep if anything I'm just my enemy have anything uh I want your test tomorrow to look easier I want I'm doing today so the how did I get 50 I believe it's probably the order of operations we so many times do things reading left to right right but in this case order of operation says division has to come first so the D back to the one before the slide before D is 40 I'm going to do 40 / two and get 20 and then add it to the 30 that's in see so I believe that that's probably the confusion all right so moving right along I do have another definition but I'm going to stay in PIR deck because this is what you guys were asking for a little while ago Onan oh I'm sorry I String conation then I do hit blur in again just to make sure we're we're all good on that so uh question or another confusion sometimes can be what's the difference between a string and what does concatenate even mean so concatenation is like adding but when we have letters or words or uh it could be digits like in a zip code for example all right but a string is a sequence of characters or letters or numbers that are a literal con literal constant and what I mean by that is I cannot take two strings and add them together and get anything more than just shoving them together so I cannot take n and a and all of a sudden add them together and get G right or I Can't Take A and B and add them together and get d right so there's a difference there it's a sequence and sometimes we can talk about characters being integers but if I take the integer one and the integer two and concatenate them because if they're both sort of string now my concatenation is going to be the number one two not three so we can have integers or we can have values stored as string but the math or the operations that we're allowed to do on them are different so just kind of taking a second to point that out to you and talking about strings here so my next example I'm going to flip to or I'm going to stay with P deck but talking about the concatenation about the first name and initials and last name and stuff like that so that can be kind of confusing because if they put on the exam if you have a string of one and a string of three what happens when you concatenate or add string one and three it's going to going to give you string 1 three not the number four so we do need to pay attention to our data types what they're talking about so here's my question consider the following procedures for string manipulation variable initials is going to be assigned a string consisting of the first letter of the string first name followed by the first letter of last name which one will correctly give us [Music] initials e okay results are are a little slower coming in today or for this question anyway you're good and it could be you know some of the the little low respons I'm seeing 77 out of all of you oh they were coming a little bit more whether it just takes you a little longer to read it or you don't know and that's okay so uh let's just kind of look through this one concatenation of strings is going to Rune a string consisting of string one with string two if we have the words key or the string key and the string board we put them together concatenating means Plum them together with no space or anything between them a prefix of a string and length DET turns the first length of a character so for example if we have prefix delivery three it's going to return the first three letters and prefix delivery 100 means 100% all that time right which will return the whole So based on those two procedure calls that they're explaining to us which one then would work to give us the initials right and it could be you know for me if the answer is the first one which in this case is Choice a sometimes I'm like oh that's probably too easy I probably did something wrong and it takes me longer but even though a was the first answer was the correct answer I still want to look through so let me see how you did good still majority kind of questioning through a let's talk about those so um all of them have something stored in initials and you said initials is the first letter of your first name and the first letter of your last name so putting together or concatenating prefix take first name the first letter and last name the first letter and that's what this prefix procedure problem is defined as for that's why M towards a if I look at b c and d I did have a couple people choose each of those uh prefix first name two that's going to take my first two letters of my first name last so not B too many and then uh C says concatenate my first letter and my last sorry my first name and my last name put them together right so think of your first name and your last name put them together so for me it would be Marcy Boyd all shoved together and then take the first one letter so it would just be M right and then D might work but it depends and what I mean by that is for me it would not work but you are somebody that the second letter of your first name happens to be the same as the first letter of your last name you would get let get lucky and it would work but for me if we take Marcy void and put it together and take the prefix of the first two letters would be na when I need it to be MV so in this one if I take the prefix my first letter of my first my first letter of my last and then concatenate those that's really we have a okay so that's what I put here the statement will correctly for the initials it will use prefix to get the first letter of each then concatenate to put them together okay now I did have and I know that Boolean is is something that we kind of we talked about right but I also want to hit that again because it is another idea in the big idea three it's another one of those contents and so I do just want to kind of toss out another couple examples for Boolean so I have um two problems just to get a little more practice with bolean here and I am G to stay in parck for the next couple slides I apologize on the ability to show the captions but I do have you a little inactive for these little Boolean stuff two problems so to attend a camp a student has to be at least 13 and this is one of those that as I am looking at this as the questions get harder I'm going to highlight the things that I need us to jump out I need to jump out to us in the question and kind of get rid of the extras the extra stuff because some of you mentioned as you're trying to do this this is long this is like almost a paragraph they're having you do right so helping with that test ticking strategy and being able to kind of read through and see what I can just take over so you do have if you're taking a paper tomorrow you can highlight you also can do that on the Dig platform that you're taking Administration two and three they'll have a little annotation to it so in order to go to a certain Camp you need to be at least 13 or in grade n or higher but must not yet be 18 so keep keep in mind the at least 13 means 13 or bigger but not 18 so it cannot be like a choice a or C remember a solid line under the inequality means that you do include it so I'm looking for one here so this that does not have a solid line means less than 18 not including 18 where it has the less than with the equals means it can be including 18 so that's something we have to think about so age is how old are you grade is what grade are you in school which of the following Expressions will be true if the student is able to attend the camp and evaluates to false otherwise so what I did here to kind of help us before the I get to let you choose is kind of highlight those for you okay so I'm kind of walking through this one and my like perod deck is going to be kind of how did you do how are you feeling and then we'll do like another Boolean where I will actually like so two examples here the first one I'm kind of walking is through and I kind of already gave little cheaters on this but for some it's these math symbols that's wor than world so which one evaluates to true if the student can go to camp and comes to false otherwise so the first one I said no because it says not yet 18 the first one included 18 so I need to cross out A and C because they're including 18 also this or is highlighted and C and [Music] D we need to have um must not be 18 we need to have an and not inlo for these two this part so C and D have to be wrong because these ORS need to be and the first one is wrong because it included [Music] 18 So based on my expiration I already did kind of tell you that b is the correct answer and now I'm just kind of throwing out here how'd you do how you doing on this is this a little more helpful I'm booing and I'm going to quickly jump in and see how your responses are and then my very next slide is is one that you can try on your own for Boolean just so that you check in and see they feel good doing okay still nervous yep absolutely and I think we still have some definitions but relax I took a toide test it kind of BL down that can happen and it was a practice test okay like that good and I like that somebody said buing are easy and I also had other say this is a little tougher right good I love that as as this five hours it's better or comes on and hoping that would be now it's seeming easier rather than now it's getting worse right don't understand the first satisfaction we can absolutely jump back to that good awesome good let's toss out the next one and see how you do then it was that one was easy let's do this one so if I give you n is an integer value which of the following Expressions evaluates to true if and only if N is a two-digit number and so I did put two digigit integer I did kind of give a help in the range from 10 to 99 including that's what I R by two digit so it's not the number one written as A1 right but here I I thought that I was trying to pick a pretty tough one un tossing out mod I'm tossing out greater than the greater than equal to the and the ORS all that kind of stuff let's see how you do it for let's see the moment of truth let's see how you're doing oh you guys are awesome good so I got a couple people right walking through this um that I want to look at that the correct answer is B which is the majority let's look because we did have a couple people in each of the others which is the fing evaluates to true if you have and only if you have a two-digit number so as I look at this n mod 100 um 99 mod 100 right so this is what we're going to be asking about is it true but this is an equals so I'm not even sure that that's a brilant answer right n unless they told us that n n is a two digit integral so is n equal to that number mod 100 so what they're really saying is is n let's say it's 72 and 72 equal to the remainder when 72 100 right I want to know which one is true next one b b does look good to me um any so it's saying and right so let's just pick any value 72 right and so for pick any favorite number between 10 and 99 72 greater than or equal to 10 true and is it less than 100 true because that's what a two-digit integer means and that's what I was trying to write here from help robot bigger than 10 and smaller than 100 it is a twood digigit so B is absolutely true that makes sense uh n is less than 10 is going to be false and anytime you have a false with an and it's going to be false right remember an and is only true if both of them are true and that kind of FS out of logic right n is bigger than 10 which is true and less than 99 right in that case it it could be true but what if the N that you chose those was 99 99 is a twod digigit number but this part would be false so there is a case where this would be true and false which would be false so I would say d would be my best second answer but there is that one case where if n is 99 this thing would come out as FAL right so that's kind of my my little thoughts or explanations here B is the correct answer the best right answer the evaluates to true if and only at the given time and strictly less than 100 so between 10 and 99 inclusive okay all right so my next one is still with me right so get a little more involved I am going to on this Boolean one it is also a multiple choice and pair deck here this one uh I'll give you maybe 20 or 30 seconds to kind of work through and this was really one of the hardest ones I could find in this so don't panic if it's awful awful [Music] e [Music] e [Music] [Music] for for [Music] all right our results are slowing down a little bit so I'm going to kind of assume that some people are still working or just might be need to kind of talk through it a little bit either one is fine I think you can continue to answer their what I'm doing is bouncing back to the slid so that I can again I think that you can still continue to enter andair back but I want to be able to watch through this Trace through these slides and be a step with all right so looking at this one that some people were still working on I'm just going of want to walk through it now I'm getting you right the little tougher ones and it looked like the majority of people were choosing between B and okay so let's look through this got some kind of block code given to us this is like the stud code and the tracing through the stuff right so consider the following code segment what is displayed as the result so we have some logic stuff in here some Boolean and we have some storage so are you tracing through or what you want all right so as we look through I look at first three personally I look at the first three that are my initialization so I just create like my tachira sketch here and write in my true fals to that allows me my next line says now I'm going to be kind of looking at and I I wrote a bunch of the little thoughts here but I have to think about this this is like my parenthesis so I have a or V true or false so we in here true or false so it is not true or false anything we have an or true or false is true I not that which makes it false and going so when we're talking about order of operations for logical remember or realize that this is like our parentheses say A or B you use this scratch for example right we dragging and things so this is our parentheses then the negation of something comes next in priority and then we do the rest so for this I would think I rad it all out here but it really took me three thoughts coming so my true or false is true I negate true when I get F and then combine that with the and if you have two things with an end remember they both have to be tra to be true so false answer is false okay that now is going to be my new value in a so I took my true cross it out put my false moving on to the next it then says C and A C and A is true and false that is false that's going to replace my C container and then I then have that where now I have false false fs and that's what they're asking me to display my PR so I end up with f right so I know quite a few people a decent amount of people had see so just double check I have a feeling and and I could be wrong you let me know but it's either the order of operations with some of this stuff or not know now when I teach my kind of conditionals my hands and my ORS I think about going to an amusement park right whether you are able to go on the kitty rides or the adult rides right usually say the difference will be say big roller coaster right you have to be a certain age or a certain height right and so it's the end of are you a certain age and a certain height and you can go on the adult ones if you are not tall enough you know they hold that stick up and if you're not tall enough you can't go them don't guard so think about the ends and the ears okay all right we are going to jump in if you're doing okay still we are going to jump into conditionals so I'm going to kind of start here and I will move over to the um pair deck again in a second but have a couple of these because conditionals also can be something that can be confusing and again of course I'm going to toss one out it's all writing and then we'll have some tracing as well so the first one says in a certain game you keep track of the maximum and minimum scores gotten so far if numb is the most recent score which of the following algorithm updates the values of Maximum in based on is give you a second to think about that and meanwhile I will jump over to my hair deck and see how you're doing this for my students at least or you know when I'm I'm working through and helping with this this for some people can almost be as confusing as a swap right because what we're trying to do is we have a score we just got on a game we need to know is it going to be replacing the maximum right where are we in the leader board that kind of thing and the idea that if they were confused on swapper they also confused so I'm interested to see looks like we're kind of pushing almost through 100 responses here and we see what Happ can and we do have we have a four runner which is awesome you guys are doing amazing so I also agree as I'm looking at those I'm going to need to update my minimum if the new number is less than what's in the minimum and I'm going to have to update my maximum my leaderboard score if my new number is biger than the max so I agree it is the if number is less than the minimum I got to swap that out otherwise if n is bigger than okay good um I have another conditionals one because I I I thought that that first one that we just did was tough because it was all writing and words I think that the next one can be challenging because it's another Trace problem right so after conditionals then we're going to kind of slide into nested conditionals e e all and people are finding this one a little easier even that's good so it it is nice to see right which ones seem easier to you whether you are um preferring the ones that have the writing out the text or these kind the block right the ones they faing through so if they don't give you values choose vales right so watch what parameters they give you and use that to choose vales that work in this case X is three and Y is five so is three bigger than five so do you know what that sign means right they bring in the math math and computer science kind know really interactive with the so if three is bigger than five nope it's not so this does not happen at all so if three is bigger than five which is false it's going to go down to here and it's going to display 3 - I which is indeed two good job looks like majority of people did get that um okay so a couple for each of the other traces but just kind of walking through here x is three Y is five I highlighted that in the question to me because that was important so since three is not bigger than five it's smaller I'm going to jump right down to the El Mo which is then going to give the difference not the sun all right so we once we get okay with the conditionals which it definitely seems like the majority of us are let's go into these which are from nested conditionals mean conditionals are if now we got another if inside it so that's why they're called n so have um a couple of these again just because they get a little trickier and I want to be able to make sure that you're done at tracing three so consider the following code where integer values X and Y if x is seven and Y is 20 now what happens for [Music] got about a third of you kind of working through that we responding so just please let us know if you need to reach out a burd if I'm going too fast you need to slow down please absolutely um let me know don't wait till that next chat and and let me know for heav isues but as I'm looking at this I have X is the value of seven and Y is 20 so when I first start out with this it says X is um bigger than 10 which is not right seven is not bigger than 10 so this whole first thing is been to ignored or skipped over so then it says if Y is bigger than three which is true Y is bigger than three we're going to have three four four so hopefully you say yes for X is not bigger than 10 right seven is not bigger than 10 so we jump down here and then it says Y is bigger than three which it is so it's going to display the so my correct answer should be C awesome all right this next one I'm going to put put the the um parir thing up here and then before I give you the writings right am going to this is like another one we're just going to kind of Trace through it because up until now I've been doing kind of those block ones but I also want to switch from my block code over to this text code it's on the right hand side this may be a little longer question so if you need to you know run to the bathroom or do anything feel free I expect it might take a little longer to get responses into this but really [Music] not e e for okay so um no less than half responding but I want to kind of push through here it could be somewhere on breaks I'm just kind of step away or whatever but let's work through this okay store one is 350 store two is 210 what's the value of result going be so we kind of looking through here and I'm just gonna take a little sneak peek okay so it looks like C is on our leaderboard right now so let's kind of walk through and and see which is correct by the way a little sneak peek of the answer so what I did here same kind of thing is uh I took the choices off just so I could show you um my tracing here okay so one goes in for results and that is just kind of for our Loop here for for what Val here right so one gets s result if score one is bigger than 500 well score one is 350 so that's not true so I just said no my first line is Bal right therefore because the first line is Bal this whole part gets stripped right so it's the same it's just like this is a text based and that BL some people have a preference one so means I'm going to bounce down to the El quote and that's when run and then it's going to say result is going to be increased by five so what was one back at the beginning now I'm going to have five more than that so 1 + 5 is six then it says if score two is bigger than 500 right we have up here score score two is 10 is a to 10 right so another thought that's not true either so now I that that part's fault so I'm also going to skip another part and then the only real thing that's happening here is result is going to be changing again so I'm going to take my answer of result which is six and subtract it and decrease it by one which is is my final answer I thought that that was challenging right because sometimes I think it's in our nature to say oh they can't all be FAL so I must have done something wrong right and the score one and score two in this case are not with thinking into not changing result good job on that so now uh kind of moving to another definition that kind of shows here and this is iteration and so this question is one of those wordy ones and you stick with paradu because it's a l writing here but that's where our very first thing is going to be so I'm going to stop talking for 10 or 20 seconds give you a second to read all this my students hate this kind because they just want one choice they don't like the choices given with this so again show that for e for for for all right so I'm gonna kind of start talking through because it looks like we're slowing down on a little bit of the responses here but you know a few things like I said I think that this one is a tough one because there's so much writing right and some of us that maybe language barriers not understanding what's some of the words are written and then you throw in how these choices are right one two one and two two and three and that makes it a little more difficult for some people okay so what I did is I started out with these my one two and three and looked and see like what do I think about those which ones are true so my very first one I said number one does not work okay so for example let back to this slide first I'm going to read what's a small paragraph my three lines of text and then what you'll see is when I go to the next I just kind of bowed that so I'm pulling the things up that are important to me so whether you highlight those Circle them on a paper test on The annotation to and the digital and spine but I just kind of think what's important because that's three lines of writing so I got a large group of people in a room all born in the same year not sure I care consider the following three algorithms that are intended to identify the people in the room who have the earliest birthday based on just the month and day okay so obviously January 1 is the first one but then if I have January 1 and January 10 I also want to differentiate between those right so for example a person born on February 10th is considered to have an earlier birthday than someone born on March 5th so February is before March even acknowledging that 10 is after five but February still comes first so keeping that in mind which of the following three algorithms will work the right way the way that we're hoping so I just kind of bullet in all the people are going to be the same year so we're not worried about that I want the earliest birthday month and day which of the three is going to be the right one so as I look at this I said number one if all the people stand up they find a partner right form peers where possible leaving at most person without a pair so in case there's an odd number or modulus math again for each pair the person with the earlier birthday stays standing up the other one sits down if there's a tie they both sit down any individual not part of the pair stays up for the next round continue doing this until only one person stands this person is going to be the earlier birthday so it says the early birthday stands up that's going to keep happening until the end but the issue what if the vers two it said that um if two of them had the scene they sit down if there is a tie they will sit down what if the two people had the January 1 birthday but they were tied they had to sit down so I said algorithm one is not going to work because if we happen to have a tie for the earliest birthday they both sat down okay so as soon as I find that one doesn't work there goes traces A and C um next I and I work progressively so I start one then two some people will look at the choices first and say which one could I eliminate best so because three of the choices have two maybe I'll check two first it's completely up to you so next the algorithm two says all the people stand up everyone forms pairs same as we did before for each pair the one with the earlier birthday stands while the other person sits down if there's a by both stay standing up okay so that seems like a little improvement from from the first one any individual not par part of a pair also stay standing continue this until only one person remains or all persons standing have the same birthday anyone still sing has early's birthday oh that's the issue though because algorithm two allows both people to stay standing when they a tie person with the earliest birthday is not be eliminated it's going to continue until they all have the same birthday which will be early I'm sorry oh that's too bad I but one doesn't work and one does I was thinking I did the two wrong answers okay so uh any individual not part stay standing up continuous okay so that one would work okay right because it I said it's an improvement on the first one so that makes sense uh if two works I crossed out my ones now that really didn't help me though so [Music] maybe so uh next i' look at three to decide which one is going to be an issue there and when I move to the last one beginning with number one ask if anyone was born on that day of the week of the month that was kind of something I mentioned earlier is there an issue continue with persons to for on deals we keep it earliest one but algorithm 3 is not going to work correctly because February 1 would then be said that it had earlyer birthday somebody in January 5 so that's something I mentioned earlier that we have to go on the month and day so Roman R three is not going to so if you got Choice B you it awesome my next iteration uh is what they call um some call it a turtle problem some call it um like a robot problem these though I definitely think that my students do okay with but I want to make sure that that is always true so we don't want to mess up any of what some people think are the easier on so when we're talking about this the robot it says that the following grid uh has a robot represented as a triangle initially facing right if we run a code segment right and I I did include a text one but some people think it's a little tougher I want [Music] to move the robot to the gr Square which of the following can replace the missing statement so that it works the way it's supposed to okay now I definitely think that that sometimes is the tougher L move to the next slide where the choices are now give it some people are pretty quick on that so let's see how you do for for e [Music] good so by the responses I'm definitely seeing that um our leader seems to be be so far but we definitely have some choices also for the other three choices so I want to work through this and see because I do think they're getting a little more involved right a little more tricky so as I look through this what I did I have a couple slides here just the same thing kind of um helping us think about what might be right now so if I start with a repeat one time if I repeat one time and then it says repeat four times kind of Trace through this whole thing what I'll find out is um Choice a so what I did for each of these is say what happened when I Trac through each of those and why it wasn't AC and right so my first here is why each one might not work so we kind of already did say B is the correct answer so my next slide I do have like kind of walking through YB does work I just kind of looking through here and I think that maybe one of these if we go through any of the AC or D then kind of like shows you maybe what you do want it to be right so if I take any of these it doesn't make a difference but if I take something like C and I say all right repeat three times and then go inside and repeat four times I need to move forward four times and then rotate um rotate right one two three and turn right right so when we look at that we do that four times so once it turns right what's going to happen is this one is going to end up being one above the green square because that's going to happen four times and it's going to rotate left move forward rotate right so once it turns left remember uh one thing that I know some people make a mistake with when this robot when it rotates left it stays in the same box it doesn't turn and move so my very first step is it's going to move forward and rotate right each of these four times right so move forward turn right move forward turn right move forward turn right and then it's going to turn right move for turn right or rotate right and so we need to kind of be aware of that is each time that we rotate it's not moving it's just turning in that some else so the triangle will switch Direction by 90° it won't move out that and then what I did is I kind of wrote out why B did work for so if I repeat that two times when I go inside here return sorry repeat two times then it says from here I'm GNA move forward and rotate right do that four times so the loop that repeats four times uh returns it to the starting position then the three lines of code that follow the move it one row up and leave it facing right right here and then when that happens again so that's my first time the second time that it happens it's going to move here and that may actually even help to finish or to clarify where it wasn't three times three times one up here once is just okay so that one I think was probably a little tougher right next one um I'm moving off of the text and moving back to our block let's move there we go see how you do on that one for for all right moving moving along let's see how you good a little more scatter on that some people thinking a and some sticking with c and I would see for this one what I really want to concentrate on is working through this okay so when you have iteration and you have like repeated or messy boots you're really going to want to find a way to trace this toward yourself so C is the correct answer but when I want to do kind of look through this and trace this for you so here's my initialization each time I go through this I'm going to add results plus X so my X is my counter excuse me and I'm going to be increasing each time so 1 + 2 is three 3 + 3 is 6 6 + 1 is 10 and so on so some people I think might have got caught on that getting Choice a all right next moving into like the other than sudo code that we kind of talked about and see got some code over here to the right text based code X and Y are integers think about the value of the sum after the loot runs now this one we going to choose two answers so there's the code here's your Paradox slide with the choices go back for a second because it was a lot for one side got way too small so what you need to do for this tell me what the value of sum is when you're done once you get some in your head X and Y are any integers so don't choose 58 and 72 maybe choose two and three something small okay so you have the value of sum in your head as well as what you thought of for X and Y so my question is now if I give you four choices the end of which of the of each of the choices is your sum the same as what you find in this slide choose two answers apologize I think it it looks like I made this multiple choice not choosing two answers not the text it would be easier so just choose one and then we'll go through and see right there and I love this I think that even as the questions are getting maybe a little more difficult because they're still doing outstanding so even on this slide where it looks like I kind of just wrote where you choose one option but then I changed I changed the question and made it see there's two answers and you guys are still getting it is true that the correct answer that I that I have there really would be B and D so I see that those are the majority kind of flying in here right so don't be distracted by my change of that pair that question that you guys are doing well with it so the correct answers are b and d and I just kind of again you all have access to these slides I I mention to people who are asking earlier so I just kind of wrote up why B and D are the correct answers right so now we're kind of talking algorithms we're also talking about um Loops that are um repeat loops and they [Music] R all right now we're going to get into some lists which I know is a question earlier that uh people were asking could I explain a little bit more on list and absolutely I knew I knew which the problems were going to be right so we're all good so the next thing I'm talking about is list so consider the following code intended to store 10 consecutive even integers starting with two into a list called even list assume that even even list initially starts empty what can replace the missing code so that it works the way that it should I'm going to move to the next slide because the next slide gives you your choices at that point you can put in what you think and see do [Music] yeah they're getting a little tougher right so looking at this we're this and I know you know sometimes it can be a a little question here looks like uh we are having the majority of people close between c and d right and I completely agree those are the two choices I would think the correct one is C but I absolutely want to kind of talk through and make sure you're good with this so for my first iteration twice of I or two is put into the list and then it's incremented to two the second time we'll put four in and increment to three three * two and so on okay so that's where the append means add to it add into the list two times each of the first 10 digits so I have one two 3 four five six seven eight nine 10 I'm putting two times each of those into the list each RS so at the bottom should be the numbers 2 through 20 so just kind of looking back at here I think again between C and D these of how close they are right so my correct answer is C and the reason really is excuse me it says I'm starting at one the difference here is in D I'm increasing before I'm putting a in there so because this is already at one I want to put 1 * 2 in there before I inre so that's a tiny difference between C and two but the explanation why binary search St sent him mess up on this a little bit um only because binary search has a couple things and the biggest thing that my students forget is that B that binary search only can work on word list and so that's actually my second question so we have something that's already sorted it has to be in order to be binary searchable and if it is sorted in sorted means smallest the biggest orgest the smallest you have 200 elements in it which of the f is closest to the maximum number of list elements that we have to look at to do a binary search for one of the values in the list so I am looking at this what do you think is the most if I have 200 elements and they are in order from either smallest to biggest or biggest to smallest if you are looking for and and who knows maybe this is the numbers one through 2 and you are looking for it doesn't it doesn't mean it has to be the number one through 200 but they are in there from smallest to greatest the greatest to smallest you're looking for a certain element what is the most number of times that you will have to split that list so I'm really looking is that nobody's choosing a c and I do that a couple people right and that's what we want to be cautious of binary means we're splitting it into two lists right so I would absolutely be going with a or V closer and it usually is kind of cutting this in half each time we do that right so really it's say how many times can you cut this in half so binary search starts at the middle of the sort of list and it can eliminate half so if I'm looking you I got all these numbers in order and I look at the middle value decide whether it's too big or too small and then go that direction for the next so if I have a list of 200 elements the middle though this is going to be cut in half to go 100 and 50 and 25 right that's what I mean here is to be cut in half a maximumly seven times which then means eight elements would so if I look at the list starting at 200 then it's going to reduce down to 100 then 50 then 25 each time that I'm do so that's what I meant by eight most okay all right another one and this kind of I I already told you the answer I just don't know if you caught it when I said it so if you have this but this is a big one because it's saying why can I not not use a binary search so go ahead and write your response let me see if you heard what I was saying yay perfect you guys did catch it that's awesome so even if you're feeling like this is so long stop coughing sorry about that I swallow I swallowed some water and made me cough sorry about that yes but you're right because they're not not because they're not even because they're not in ordered list I can't use the binary search so they have to be ordered first so going from -4 up to one but then I went back down to two so that I can't do the binary search good and that's what I wrote binary search can't be used for this because it's not sorted and that is something that we will absolute tests I see to see that come up quite a bit next I am talking about calling procedures we are doing good on this huge huge um big idea three remember if I am going a little too fast you can always go back and look at the the slides of the recording in the next later but what I want to talk about is again tracing through this I have the following procedure what is displayed when this happens running Ro birthly to years so consider this what [Music] is this is calling procedures and the next one we're going to do is developing procedures a little bit of procedures in here [Music] and a little slower on that Swit absolutely know procedure is going to be a little tougher I'm going to see what you're thinking good D is the right answer so even though you're you know kind of taking a little longer moving slow through it seems like we're still getting it so looking there what I have here is my first call as I'm looking through this my call for the procedure two is GNA send birthday to string one and to you to string two right so I've got that as we're looking right here as it says my procedures here string one string two so so when I call to procedure two I'm putting birthday in string one and to you in string two first statement in procedure two calls procedure one and ass signs to you so that get a little confusing right so we got this but then it's going to call procedure one with my string two we just got done saying that string two is to you so that's going to go up so that's how it finally got backwards instead of birthday to you make up here my two U gets thrown up here okay so it'll display to you and then it'll display happen so that's what we're talking about this and procedure two we have the bir here so I'm to start here we're going to go up here and then finish so that was definitely a little more confusing now we're talking about developing procedures developing procedures um just going to go through the definition the the first one I think the second one is decent here I have a couple examples here because it gets a little more confusing so student is developing a program that looks for the definition of words that appear in a book student plans to perform a large number of searches through a dictionary continuing words and their definitions okay let me give you a second you read through there and let's see how you do on it [Music] there we go coming in a little quicker yes you guys are doing good okay so what we're looking at here I absolutely agree C is the Forerunner and just kind of writing here that student knows the procedure searches for a value without knowing how it does the searching so this is actually called procedural abstraction okay so good that I thought was a tough one because it pulls out some really random like definition stuff right so some deeper thinking for that for sure this also I thought was a little tougher which is not a benefit and I find that student sometimes and it says which is not a benefit sometimes they miss that not so student completes I'm trying to think I actually [Music] think this one I just didn't make um because I I just knew it was going to be a little quicker for that uh we complete a program and ask somebody for feedback so this brings in our collaboration from big idea one suggests rewriting some of the code to include more procedural abstraction which is not a benefit of procedural exraction right so the idea that making the code run faster is not necessarily a benefit for the exraction okay so modularity and cod reuse not really necessarily I'm going to mean it runs faster all right so now kind of pulling in we are doing awesome moving along talking about um libraries anybody need a break everybody doing okay good we're going to uh libraries is all right that's like the end of our definition stuff and then we'll talk a little bit about some random number values that kind of thing almost done with big idea three I'm going to try and squeeze in some big idea four and then this trt coming for five so this kind of thing you guys like doing awesome do this without me let's see how you doing good sweet so we got a data file with 10,000 values we're writing a program to compute the average of them which of the following procedures is most likely going to be useful yeah I I really think you're you're doing awesome on this I am going to leave to a c because it's the sum that's going to take the most time right the quotient when we divide one by another that's going to take the other right so I absolutely would say C is going to be the best the sum is what's going to take the longest and once we get that sum then we could do divide it by something very good all right now jumping into random values I just really have like one of each of the rest from big idea three So Random values which of the following cannot be displayed when as a result of this code one starts out in an I repeat until I is bigger than four we're going to choose a random number between one and I so the first time that's it it's between one and one right and that's going to display that so all of those do that it's not really super [Applause] helpful and then now once we increase this right now we're up to two so now we need a random number between one and two let's see good nice nice okay so same kind of thing as we're looking we get up to two we're going to have a random number that's going to be between one and two so it could be one or two they're saying which is not possible so D is not possible Right because the very second step says in the second iteration I is going to be two so the random is going to be between one or two so when it then is going to repeat or display that random it's either going to display one or two if can't display a three good job next we're talking simulate simulations I'll give you five seconds to kind of reach do this one and then put up why why I think what answers are wrong and then we're going to shift into a lot tougher definition good good remember simulation I'm just going to going to talk as you're doing this simulation is stuff that might not be economical or safe so I am going to do a simulation when I'm talking about plane flight out of an airport or into an airport and send million planes and risk lives if they're going to crash right so we're using simulation software to study crowd flow at a big arena after event ended the arena is located in a city which of the following best describes the limitation of using a simulation for this let I out a few and nice job so it's between B and D it looks like so my first SL I'm going to tell you why I don't think it was D so I I am glad like people were saying they didn't lean towards a or C but looking at the running a simulation requires a larger number of observations to be collected well in order to validate the results of a simulation you might need to observe data but running a simulation doesn't require observations before you can use it so that was kind of a little Nuance there a little fine line between that but because of that simulations are limited by the model that's used though there might be reasons for a simplified model all right um looking at the next one here is a definition definition of a heris aristic is a technique to solve a problem more quickly when classic methods are too slow or finding an approximate solution when we really can't find an exact solution in other ways right so a little definition there to help you with the next question which of the following Solutions is best to use a heuristic in order to find a solution in a reasonable amount of time [Music] [Music] you guys are doing good B looks like the right answer absolutely fine since it's algorithm has a factorial efficiency it's not going to run in reasonable amount of time so here is the find this an approximate solution okay now that brings us to our undecidable right so if we have something that's considered undecidable is any instance that we just can't get an answer to work for it and that is cases that they will talk about on the test so at that which is an undecidable which of the following explains how algorithms that run on a computer can be Sol used to solve problems say do good job undecidable problems cannot be solved with an algori absolutely true okay all right so next how you doing that was big idea three tired yeah all right here six okay started messing up and some of that is because it's been four hours now right good y yes yep absolutely why don't we why don't we take a break right now and while you guys are on a little break I'm going to kind of swap over with Miss Choy okay she is going to do because we're at 5:24 let's take a break and we'll say that we'll probably do till 25 after or 6:30 eastern time um and she can then do the big idea four and five how is that awesome yep I'm just going to check this [Laughter] good good yes go take a break I'm just reading the chat I'm reading the comments I'm going to switch over okay you guys are GNA kick butt tomorrow welcome so let me go ahead and start by sharing my screen with you mama mama we're going there you go okay okay so I see that chat has been disabled um but I'm just going to enable it for a second just because when I'm taking over I need to give you a new link to pair deck I hope you don't mind that so just go into the chat really quickly just to uh click on that all right good I see that you guys are joining this session right here so we'll start with big idea four over here uh it is called computer systems and networks and it will be uh 11 to 15% all right so let's continue on over [Music] here current topics in big idea 4 the internet fault tolerance parallel and distributed computing so before I even continue on I just wanted to let you know that with big idea 4 and big idea 5 suddenly computer science is not even about coding anymore right so this now this is now kind of like a social studies class where uh truly if you choose to um you know read all the things that you're supposed to learn that would definitely prepare you for the um actual test and so what do what do I mean when I say that I'll go ahead and explain to you in a bit okay so for now let's continue on over here okay all right so here is our simple question I'm going to go into the slide deck and take you to slide 141 that is a long ways down there you go I'm going to try and make this easier for you to read there you go all right so let's go ahead and take a look at this question over here which of the following best explains how messages are typically transmitted over the Internet I'll give you a minute let's go ahead and and put in your answer all right so let's take a look at how many of you have responses for me 48 responses 50 all right let me just go ahead and wait a little bit longer all righty let's take a look at your responses all right so most of you have answered B right all right so let's take a look at the answer yes the correct answer is B the message is broken into packets the packets can be received in any order and still be reassembled by the recipient's device so just remember that when we send a message uh through the internet messages are broken into little packets and each packet contains data to be transmitted as well as metadata and in case you forgot metadata means data about the data right all right and um once those packets res um reach the other destination then it gets reassembled so it's all in order and then you know it's sent to the receiving person okay or the receiving computer all right here's the next question this is slide 143 so let's go to slide 143 there you go which of the following best describes the relationship between the worldwide web and the internet all right let's take a look at your responses all righty let's take a look at your answers now all right most of you said see let's see if C is the correct answer there you go it was correct the worldwide web is a system of linked Pages programs and files that is accessed via a network called the internet good job all right so let's move on to the next question as you can see we're kind of like um hurrying to solve as many problems as possible because it's just a matter of remembering what we learned in class right just refreshing our memory let's go all righty I'll wait a little bit longer all right let me hop on to the other screen to look at your responses oh you guys are still responding so I'll wait a little bit longer all right let's take a look at your answers most of you said a so let's hop on over and see what our answer is there you go good job so remember fall tolerance means we have more than one pathway because if something happens like if a mouse came and ate up the wires because yes the internet you think that it's not connected and it goes through the air and all that but actually they do go through um Fiber Optic Cables right and so uh if they get disconnected then we'll have a different route to go to so awesome let's move on F tolerance in a network can be achieved by see that was the question that you just looked at right providing multiple paths between devices so if a mouse eats up a fiber optic cable it's okay we have another pathway enabling routing to occur even in the presence of a fail component when a system can support failures and still continue to function it is considered fault tolerant vocabulary words are really important right so don't forget this one if you are taking notes right now is a good time for for you to write down this highlighted vocabulary word redened routing within a network allows it to support failures and still continue to function yes awesome let's continue on the Internet is considered fa tolerant system because there are multiple paths right redundant routing allowing messages to be sent even when part of the network fails messages can be transmitted even in the presence of network failures all right so p AR benefit of making a Computing system fall tolerant is that if one component of the system fails user can still access it right otherwise we'll have problems if we cannot access the internet because one little portion of it broke down all right so now I'm going to go ahead and give you a minute just to read this okay so we have three different kinds of computing systems just read okay so then at this point you should know that sequential Computing means we have just one computer and things are happening from the beginning to the end that's it in order parallel Computing is when there's just so many data so much things to do and so we're going to go ahead and divide it up in between maybe two or three computers and they're all working the same thing at the same time but of course not the exact same task right so we're going to do different things but all at the same time right Distributing Computing means there are many many devices like all of us using our own devices okay to solve a problem or do something okay sequential solution obviously takes as long as the sum of all of the steps parallel solution is probably going to take a little bit shorter because you would still have to go through the sequential task um but then there's this other portion where multiple computers are div dividing up task and doing them at the same time so if three computers or you know are working on the same thing then the one computer that takes the longest well that's the time that we'll have to add to the sequential task right and then the third one one parallel and distributed computing leverage multiple computers to more quickly solve complex problems or process large data sets uh distributed computing is the best way to solve problems where we need data from everywhere all right distributed computing each processor has its own private memory par Computing all processors have access to a share memory to exchange information between processors all right so let's move on to slide [Music] 153 there you go let me give you a minute for all right guys so let's take a look to see what you have for your responses I see 43 responses and Counting so I'll give you a little bit more time for all right so now let's take a look at your responses oh most of you said B let's take a look okay B is 30 seconds yes the correct answer is B so running the two processes one after the other on a single processor requires 30 plus 45 which is 75 seconds right because we have to do both of them but we if we run them in parallel then it only requires 45 seconds because they start doing the process at the same time and process P will be completed in 30 seconds and we'll just be waiting while we wait for the other um Pro processor Q right processor to finish um Q which is 45 seconds right okay so therefore the amount of time saved by running the two process in parallel is so remember when you add them together is 75 seconds and then uh you got to go ahead and subtract the 45 because if they run it parallell that would be how long it would take so that is 30 seconds right okay awesome let's move on yes how are you feeling so far we got to go through that yes there you go any questions thoughts comments you can go ahead and type your comments really quick and then go get a glass of water so I'm gonna read through it so you know I love the the yay yay yay so if you have a yay yay yay because you're getting everything in this section of uh the CSV test is easy for you just goad and give me a yeah yay all righty if you are done typing your responses go ahead and take a water break for like two minutes I think that's how long it would take for me to read everything Bueno checked out o okay hey guess what if this is your weakest section you have no problems today just read through this link that I'm going to give you soon and then you're going to be okay okay [Laughter] awesome all right you are feeling good overwhelmed good yes yes R I am not even in the cram oop what does that mean oh oh I'm I'm getting rough no I'm nervous as always okay awesome awesome you're such a great teacher yay yay yay after the switch over yay no it's because the topic is easy yay yay yay feeling good do we have to know the difference between TCP and nud P yes you do if you don't we'll have a problem and if you want to know what the difference is you know we have our favorite ta Rachel Yen right I hope I said her last name correctly or one uh oh she's gonna correct me soon right okay all right oh I thought that was it I felt a little unsure about parallel Computing but the last one really helped yes parallel Computing is not that difficult yeah it's just two two processors working at the same time what's the difference between parallel and distributed oh parallel means two processors are working at the same time they might be doing different things right so we can finish the same task faster distributed computing is and you're going to talk about that in this big next big idea uh where you have all these different devices so say for example it's like Crow sourcing so I'm not going to talk about it right now because we're going to talk about it anyway okay so stay tuned um let's see oh okay yeah all this vocabulary and all that you know it's not that difficult just write it all down in in your notebook and then kind of skim through it remind yourself what the terms are and it will come to you can you talk about the memory needed for parallel versus distributed versus sequential all right so let's just talk about parallel and sequential sequential means you have one processor so you have to start from step one to step 100 let's say I have 100 lines of code well with sequential Computing you got to go from step one to all the way to 100 that's it 100 steps now if I have parallel Computing right then I could divide it up into like maybe 40 and 60 different instructions right so instead of doing having one processor go through step one through 100 I'm going to give One processor 40 steps and then the other processor 60 steps right so it's obviously going to take a shorter period of time for uh parallel Computing to finish any kind of task we good okay yeah the biggest thing about taking the test is you got to read the questions carefully and that's something that teachers do a lot teachers have been teaching forever guys ever and when we try and solve problems you always make mistakes you know why because we think we know everything and so we don't read the questions carefully so please pay attention to the words like not or like difference in time or the best or the least or not not Nots okay all right Dead brain cells trying to act cool yep that's how I feel sometimes feeling good yay my brain is in pain but I'm holding on this pretty easy so far yay yay yay I'm tired too good I'm confident too procedural assertions from big idea three oh no okay we have to move on okay uh yes we have to move on and we're gonna depend on Rachel okay so you lean on Rachel little confused but I will replay it one more time replay is the best way to go all right um the difference between parallel and disted Computing yes okay oh yeah I love your energy too okay is parallel Computing more than one computer or more than one processor it could be more than one computer because you know a computer could have only one processor right I mean you know the old ones but you know these days you have more than one processor right yes no yeah so it all depends it could be more than one computer it could be one computer with more than one processor because you know there are different kinds of computers right yes pmas pemus is important okay yeah oh no I can't read everything but I'm going to go ahead and oh okay so this this one you know what I'm going to go back to that question because you guys are really really thanks for not coughing okay I'm going to startop reading all that you guys are too amazing and telling me too many things okay I have to go back here because uh you're asking me too many questions here okay we have a computer computer with two processors okay so this is one computer with two processors you know that we have computers with four processors right quads okay anyways the table below indicates the amount of time it takes each processor to execute each of two processes okay so process p means like the steps whatever code it has to follow okay so we need to do two things p and Q all right and then this is what what it takes let's say we have one processor we're going to call this processor one and processor one is going to take 30 seconds to complete p and then processor two is going to take 45 seconds to complete Q now of course if we go through a sequential process right then we have to do process p and then Q obviously because we only have one processor right so then we're going to have to go 30 plus 45 seconds so it would take a total of 75 seconds right okay but then it says which best approximates the difference in execution time between between what running the two processes in parallel so that's one option we're going to do p and Q but we're going to use parallel Computing versus instead of okay so versus instead of running them one after the other on a single processor so if we only had a single processor then we got to do p and then we got to do Q so it's going to take 75 seconds right but then if we have parallel Computing then p is going to take 30 seconds for processor one and Q is going to take 45 seconds for processor to so let's say we started the timer right now and 1 2 3 4 5 six blah blah blah now we're at 30 seconds processor one is done what is processor Q done no so we are not done with uh p and Q yet right so we got to wait for processor 2 we gotta wait 15 more seconds for processor Q to finish doing its work so in the end if we use parallel Computing it took us 45 seconds to complete the task the process p and Q right so all we have to do is go 75 minus 45 because we need to know the difference in execution time the difference means subtract right that's why it's 30 seconds all right so I better get more yay yay yays after I do another check on you after big idea five okay so I'm gonna have to move on if you guys are still writing comments I'm sorry but I can't read all right big idea five impact of computing 21 to 26% of your test dun but again it's not going to be a big deal Trust TR me all right here are the five Big Ideas beneficial and harmful effects digital divide Computing bias craft sourcing legal and ethical concerns and safe Computing all right so here are the five things that we have to look at please let me know if I'm going too fast well you can't let me know but if you let Rachel know she will let me know but be nice because I'm nice to you I think all right uh let's see oh so there was a lot of students asking about about distributed computing right so I just want you to think about this word here crowdsourcing it's kind of like the same thing okay all right all right so right away I'm going to give you a question let me take you to slide 160 there you go let's solve this problem this is not multiple choice obviously right so you have to think about it and type it in and preventor that's a cool name huh I made it up is a craft sourcing app that allows people to place different items such as spices or soap water where they spot ends to create a barrier and Report whether the placed item deter the ends from passing the barrier after a few hours the app stores the location of the spotted ends the items that was placed to create a barrier and the result after a few hours what are some data privacy concerns for M preventor users H so you got to think I am using m preventor what am I worried about in terms of my data privacy okay I'm going to stop talking go ahead and give me your answers alrighty let's check this out going to show responses the location of users might be able to might be able to be found after multiple geographical inputs in an area yeah yeah could reveal users's location can you imagine like I I said where I am because this is where the ants are and then I have to come back a few hours later so somebody somebody could be like oo I wonder who this user is her name is pretty cool her name is Princess maybe I want to go check that location out and see who she is oh that's very scary all right they are putting the barriers and stuff near their own house or inside their house so they app knows where they live oh that's a very good one huh storing location yep location oo scary if someone hacks the app then they can get the user they don't even have to hack the app because you know it's right there geolocation and preventor can see where the items were used if it stores the locations of the spotted ends and the user spotted the ends in their home which is where most people usually spot ends yep where their houses would be stored you can G give away their location yeah I mean most of you got it awesome awesome bright group here address yes oh yeah all right you guys are all correct so let's move on so then the next question says it's the same app okay what would be a benefit though to users of the application this time this time we're thinking about benefit all right guys let's check it out 53 responses this time I'm going to try and start like uh go like towards the middle or something okay there you go learning how to prevent ants with others input users who are having trouble with ends can see what worked for others yes yes they can see what remedies generally work to get rid of ends yeah and you know the keyword was natural you know like spices you know soap no chemicals right help others own ways to create a barrier for their ends users can learn which methods work best and yeah because a lot of people are using this app right you know you can see many different things right people know to stay away from nasty people that have okay I don't know but that's a good one okay the F can give data on the most effective way to stop ants they can figure out a way to deter ants from their house controlling the ants you can find out what deters ants from where you are like your pantry or something yes finding out what deter the ends from passing the barrier after a few you guys are awesome okay I'm going to go back to my slide let's move on that is awesome yes that is a benefit and that's the whole purpose of this app right okay same thing kind of similar all right so internet so here's the thing guys about digital divide right I want you to read this first by yourself and then kind of think about okay what is a digital divide so big idea four and five is mostly about just you know things that you you could read and and it's just common sense right so you understand it so the only difference is you have to know the key terms so that way when you hear the word digital divide you need to understand what it means you already understand the concepts you did not know that those Concepts were connected to this word digital divide so that's the only thing you have to do okay so let me give you a minute to just read all right so if while you were reading this you were thinking oh my goodness inequality no access unfairness you know anything like that then you're yeah you're good so this is the truth internet access is not really a thing for everybody in the world right all right so we're going to move on because I know you read so here's your question that you have to answer let me give you a minute read the question carefully it says which of the following activities has the greatest potential to contribute to the digital divide and we just read the definition of the digital divide all right I'm going to go take a look at your answers let me see 57 responses I'll wait a little bit longer all right let's take a look o so you know that's like a even divide between a and d right because A and D are absolutely correct like both of them are very close to the answer right but if you had to pick between A and D what would be the best one the greatest so you know both A and D have potential to contribute to the digital divide but which out of the two do you think think has the greatest potential so you know these are tricky words greatest so if a student has to sign up online to speak to a counselor to take AP classes does that contribute more to the digital divide knowing what digital divide means or signing up online to take classes on how to use online programs would contribute more to the digital divide right think about it do we have people changing their minds yes yes guys okay the greatest potential would be D right because all right if if you have to sign up online to speak to a counselor to take AP classes that is contributing to the digital divide the students um who do not have access you know to maybe internet or they don't know how to use um you know internet platforms they might not be able to take AP classes because the only way they can talk to a counselor is through online right by signing up online so if they don't know it they're not going to get the AP classes but look at D this is even worse because look you got to sign up online to take classes on how to use online programs that is offered by the school now this child okay you don't even know how to go online you don't have access and you don't know how to use anything online but it's even worse because this lesson that you have to sign up for is going to teach you how to use all the online programs offered by the school now you're really really really you know going to be in the darkness and that is not okay all right so I hope that helped you always read the question carefully greatest potential so let's move on next question which of the following actions are likely to be helpful in reducing the digital divide this time you have to select two answers okay two answers this time is not most likely it just says are likely e all right let's see what you posted 57 responses are we still going up okay maybe I'll give you like 30 more seconds okay you have to select two answers these are really key things right you have to pay attention to things like select two answers and this time it says which of the following actions are likely it doesn't say most likely so it's not like you got to pick one answer whatever is likely and you're going to select two answers all right so now let me check your answers all right so a lot of you said BNC a ANC BNC BC BC BC BC let's see okay so yes if you're regulating citizens access to websites that's what's happening in China right uh that's not cool because then we won't be able to get information that everybody else in the world is getting and then um D allowing members with monthly premiums to access different TI of websites really so what if I want to get information on how to prevent cancer and I can't get that because I need to pay a monthly premium for that well then are you telling me that all the people with no money are not going to be able to prevent uh you know UHS themselves from getting cancer that is so so so unfair this is like a a Humane issue right anyway so yes the answer is B and C okay so hey uh you're homeless I know we don't you don't have money but I'm going to go ahead and give you the government is going to well the government is all of us you know that right so we're going to give you free cell phones because we don't want you to be so far behind that you'll never you know uh go back to being self-sufficient again right okay and then providing training for seniors right because like my mom she doesn't know how to use a cell phone right well she does now CU duh I helped there right so this is really important all right let's move on what are some ways to reduce the digital device you should already know by now but let's go ahead and type that out what are some ways to reduce a digital divide all right let's see what you got 54 responses maybe I'll wait a little bit longer Al righty let's start looking at your responses yes provide training is really important you know hopefully for free too right not charging people for that Wi-Fi access yeah wouldn't free Wi-Fi be awesome yes awesome and are you trying to tell me your name a okay awesome okay give laptops to students in school give free cell phones put all government forms on paper yeah everything is online these days H provide technology for student who do not have any portal hotspots yes like a bus with a Wi-Fi router I think that's awesome and I see you're still writing provide greater access to Internet connection lessons and libraries for those with economic disadvantages awesome provide training for I'm waiting I'm waiting technology yes very good keep keep your ideas flowing having government provided phones for those unable to afford it teaching someone your personal life about new technology that's so important help people around you give poor people free Wi-Fi and free devices allow libraries to give computer access for free Supply people with internet access yeah most of you are saying the same thing right so free information is kind of important um yeah internet in places where there's less access very good guys very good have isps bring internet access to rural areas that's very important you know I I went to a rural area and yeah everybody knows each other because you know in a whole school there's like 80 students and that's really awesome but some students you know they they focus on other things in those areas because they you know don't know yes good job you guys educating and providing access that those are like the main things right uh to bridge the gap with the digital divide yes yes yes yes it is unrealistic yes we're not you know we're just you know talking about ideas right okay so we're I'm going to stop looking at your responses I think you got the idea let's move on oh no what have I done okay no never mind no worri I'm good all right next slide more questions guys you see how I'm throwing questions at you like boom boom boom and then you're supposed to be like yay yay yay okay let's do this all right so in case you didn't notice we are no longer talking about the digital divide we're talking about bias it says least likely least let's see how many of you responded 33 let me wait a little bit longer there's only one response the question says least right so maybe there is more than one an good answer but we're picking the one that is least likely to introduce bias all righty let's let's take a look at your answers okay so most of you answered B yes okay so just remember with a question like this there's always bias in anything so whenever you you do like a random sample that's that's like the best way to do things right because think about it if you're enticing users to spend more time by providing the new feature to players who play more than five hours a day there is bias in there right we're only providing uh services to users who are already playing a lot right and then for C only players who are experience levels isn't not the same as a right okay and then the last one providing the feature only to friends of the developer really so then that's really really biased because maybe all your friends like lived in the same neighborhood you know like the same kind of food because you know they're your friends right and so you would definitely not get a good uh sense of what needs to be fixed in terms of bugs right okay let's move on so please spend a minute reading this Computing bias so listen guys computers do not have bias but then the people who program things have biases right and so that's why we have to actively always think we should always think um to figure out you know if there is bias in my algorithm that I created okay because when we get into this field of computer science we're trying to make the world a better place right if you're not if you're trying to make this world a worst place please don't go into computer science all right but even though we have good intentions sometimes bad things happen and even though we mean good for everyone sometimes there is bias and so some people end up not being treated fairly and that's not okay so then here's the next question same question about M preventor but this time it says which the following best best explains why such an approach is considered useful for this project all right let's go ahead and see what you said for your answers only 27 responses I'll wait a little bit longer all right all right guys so let's take a look at your answers let me hop over there 81 responses okay some A's and then but mostly Seas let's take a look yes okay so which of the following best explains why such an approach is considered useful the answer is C oh wow I I gave an option for D I wonder why I did that there was no D in this question so the six of you um okay thank you for participating but there was only a b and c but uh the correct answer is C see because it's true distributed individuals are not more accurate because this is just random people providing information right but this is also not something that require somebody with a lot of knowledge about ants or anything like that right so B the scientists do not have time to try different barriers uh that is not true the scientist well the scientists really yeah they're always busy but it's not that they do not have time to try different things it's just that the correct answer is C this is the best answer which is you can collect more information much faster than the research team if the research team had five people versus let's say you know a thousand people are using this app you'll be able to get information way faster and so guys some of you when you were saying hey distributed computing how how does that work it's kind of like this one a craft sourcing app like all these different computers all these different devices doing uh something to produce a result right so when it comes to distributed computing you cannot talk about a time because it really all depends on how many devices are working together right so that kind of ties ties into big idea four for those of you who had that question I just want you to know that I answered that question right now let's move on next question all righty let's see if you have your responses [Music] 17 I'll wait a little bit longer Al righty let's take a look at your answers now 68 responses okay so most of you said D when a parent takes a picture of the child's homework and posts it on a website anyone who knows how to solve the problem responds and explains how to solve the problem you guys are so amazing yes D is correct so if you look at options a b and c this is really a great way to help the parents during the pandemic who want to help teach their children at home right right having a website is really cool but you know this is just the website doing the work with B when a parent takes a picture of the child's homework and the app gives the answer along with explanations um okay that's very nice but it's just the app working by itself kind of like uh there's an app for math photo photo math right and then C when a student is struggling and app pings the child's teacher and sets up so again this is what the app is is doing D is the only one that uses crft sourcing crft sourcing is using distributed computing right we have all these people available who are just sitting at home wanting to make this world a better place and a parent who's frustrated but don't know the answer to this computer science question takes a picture of the child's homework and post it on a website and oh miss Choy is sitting here going oh my goodness this poor parent let me go ahead and respond to her so she can help her poor child right so this is crowdsourcing anybody in the world who has the answer can help this poor parent out and the child okay all right good job you guys let's move on next question boom boom boom questions question questions so crowdsourcing is the practice of obtaining input or information from a large number of people via the Internet duh we just figured that out as you were solving the problems science has been affected by using distributed and citizen science to solve scientific problems like the end preventor app right so citizen science is scientific research conducted in whole or part by distributed individuals many of whom may not be scientists who contribute relevant data to research using their own Computing devices okay so now tell me what are some benefits of crowdsourcing for all right guys let me hop on to the other side to look at your responses 62 already you guys are quick all right potential for massive amounts of data yes that's really awesome because you know we can get data from everywhere everyone reduce bias yes because it's not like you're right it's not like you have to pay to upload and you everybody is just helping out right that's the whole point you get more perspectives yes that is always important whenever you know you don't want to just maybe you and your friends think like wearing straw hats is like the most fashionable thing in the world but you know what you need to get more perspectives right you need to crowdsource some information so when you go outside with your beautiful straw hats you understand why other people are giggling at you right when you're trying to go to like a a conference wearing straw hats right yes okay helps connect people with each other and be able to help each other by giving examples versus say just Googling getting a straight up answer it's more descriped good job perspectives better Solutions get yes Gathering info at a faster rate that's very important yes yes yeah kind of like when you going to Facebook and you say something like um I need to take my mom to a really great restaurant but I know it's too late where would be really good because I don't want my mom to be angry at me and you know you get all these kinds of information that you never really thought about because people are all you know willing to help good job yeah red reducing bias is one of them right because you know but it really all depends the bias thing is is a very very big animal all right yes diverse perspectives more efficient yay yay yay is my favorite answer okay guys let's continue on good job you guys I think you got it next one so wait a minute did I not make this into a question did not I'm sorry guys okay so anyway you wrote a beautiful novel for your language arts teacher because you guys are AP students and that means you guys are awesome it took you the whole semester you must have been like really into writing this beautiful novel and then a few years later you learned that your teacher published a short novel and it was the one you wrote oh my goodness oh my goodness how do you feel about this situation too bad you can't talk talk about it right now but think about this how do you feel about this right oh you know by the way your teacher is making money right because she published it it was the one you wrote but she said she wrote it oh no all right so let's go ahead and read this as you feel your anger okay just read this remember material created on a computer is the intellectual property of the Creator or an organization okay ease of access and distribution of digitized information raises intellectual property concerns regarding ownership value and use measures should be taken to safeguard intellectual property and the use of material created by someone else without permission and presented as one's own is plagarism plagiarism and may have legal consequences May mostly they do have legal consequences they get sued right you should see your teacher all right the use of material created by someone other than you should always be cited she should have at least said that you wrote it right as with any technology or medium using Computing to harm individuals or groups of people raises legal and ethical concerns okay so then there's like so many things that I'm writing here just stuff that you have to read because these are things that you have to know it's like common sense but also these are things that's going to show up on the test so here are some examples of legal ways to use materials created by someone else which is like if your teacher wanted to use your novel and publish it you could have you know maybe oh not her but if you if you went through creative comments right and said it's okay for anybody to use my novel and make money off of it or even modify it then your teacher could do that and you cannot be angry because uh you said it's okay right but if you never did that then legally it's still your own so uh your teacher is bad so what is creative commments anyway a public copyright license that enables the free distribution of an otherwise copyrighted work this is used when the content creator wants to give others the right to share use and build upon the work they have created and a lot of people actually do this guys and and that's a great thing like maybe I took a beautiful picture of the sunset and I just love beauty and so I decid that I'm going to use the Creative Commons um license so that everybody can enjoy this beauty and if they could make it even better they could and if they want to sell it they could well no I don't want them to do that but anyways open source programs that are made freely available and may be redistributed and modified Open Access online research output free of any and all restrictions on access and free of many restrictions on use such as copyright or licensed restrictions these are really awesome right really awesome things uh to reduce the digital divide okay so here's your next question this slide 174 five let me take you there that was a lot of reading you had to do okay let's go tricky question all right so this question is supposed to be easy 56 of you responding maybe I'll wait like 10 more seconds all right let's go take a look at the answers most of you said a of course that was too easy right so uh because you already purchased it and if you're just watching the movie with your family from your laptop there's no problem with that when you make a copy for your friend uh oh nah you should have bought another copy right and then when you charge your friends to watch the movie from your laptop that's not okay you didn't buy buy the movie to make money off of it right there's a different license that you have to purchase when you upload your video to a peer to peer Network that actually happened a lot recently right and uh that's not okay um so yeah let's move on safe Computing so again a lot of reading a lot of things to remember right so you already know that um personally identifiable information is probably things like your social security number age raise phone number medical information Financial uh information and your biometric data but then nobody remembers that pii is all of that stuff right it happens to me too so just remember pii what does that mean okay personally identifiable information and what would that be some stuff that would help people identify who I am okay all right so search engines can record and maintain a history of searches made by users and that's totally okay did you know that unless you said no website ites can record and maintain a history of individuals who have viewed their Pages that's totally okay too did you know that devices websites and networks can collect information about a user's location nothing wrong about that too all right technology enables The Collection use and exploitation of information about by and for individuals groups and institutions this is all very true right so if you feel a little bit uncomfortable about a few things good all right so then starting from here you know what I did there was just so much to tou so I just did a screenshot because really in big idea five the biggest thing that you really have to do is just read all these stuff right all this stuff if you're getting frustrated because I just went through all of those slides and did not give you a chance to read it okay I'm gonna tell you this right now okay so if you look at the bottom of the comment section you should have a link and when you click on that link you should see this the apcsp course and exam description I don't know if your teacher ever talked to you about this quite frankly I never uh told my student this so I feel like a a cheating teacher you know like I'm cheating on my students and giving you some goodies and not giving goodies to my own students so I feel bad but what you're going to do is when you click on that link right I want you to just kind of scroll down these are basically basically what your teachers are reading um to make sure that you guys understand these things you see what I mean so basically whatever is going to be on the AP test is going to be like all here I know you don't have enough time to read everything duh nobody does right but I was just thinking that big idea four and big idea five especially big idea five is worth reading because a lot of the questions are basically just listing the things that are here so I'm going to tell you to go to big idea 5 which is going to be page hold on I'm going to tell you so see here's more information on Parallel and distributed computing and this is on PDF page 114 right but that's not where I want you to go right now here is big idea five starting at page 116 on the PDF not on this because it says page 110 in the actual CED right but I'm talking about the PDF page so you can just type in a number in there and get there super fast and so I just want you to go straight to page what page are we on 121 so starting from page 121 click on that link and then go in that into that box right there and type in 121 and then enter and then you will see this and you know what I'm going to have you do I'm just gonna have you read everything here everything here and if you read everything and you understand everything over there you're going to be good for the test when it comes to topic five because there's no coding for big idea five it's just you understanding a lot of things which is which is happens to be common sense okay so I need you to bookmark this right now and write down the page number because this is like a massive uh massive thing you can see that it's out of 2060 pages so I need you to go to page 121 and that's where you're going to start reading and you're not really reading anything just where it says Essential Knowledge just all these things make sure you understand every single sentence though okay you can also look at my slides obviously but why not go straight to the source right okay so now that I have given you that very important present that my students don't have yet I'm going to tell them on Monday don't worry they're not taking the test on Monday so anyway I am not really cheating on my students I love my students and they're going to do well so there you go here's the question I'm gonna wait all right let me see if you guys are ready 25 responses all right let's take a look at your answers most of you said a yes good job so when you're browsing in an anonymous window what happens is they delete your cookies okay and your browsing history is no longer seen however it does not protect you from virus attacks right and uh you can still log into your email account and everything it's just that um it won't save the cookies so when you try and go back to your email account if somebody types in on the browser gmail.com it will not go to your email um you know account it would go to the other users uh account all right so the correct answer is a the cookies are deleted okay all right so honestly guys there are more questions but I can't go over them with you because time's up okay uh so I apologize but I'm going to tell you that um you know the best way for you to get anything done in terms of doing a good job with the see all these questions that I'm asking you there's only a few slides left but all these questions I'm asking you you can answer by just reading these things okay it would tell you over here see it talks about the digital divide and I basically already wrote all that information for you on the slides Computing biases here crowd sourcing is all here but see if you look at legal and um ethical concerns all these things I already wrote in my slide okay so just read through this it's talking about creative comments see creative comments open source open access this is our teachers um cheating guy right and so yeah I am totally over time so I'm going to tell you that you have to look at all of this pii information is right there right so uh I asked you questions like what is key logging so if you read through this it will tell you what a key logging is it tells you what a multifactor authentication is so you have to read this before you take your test tomorrow please promise me you're going to read this because when you do and then you understand what it's saying over here or take notes right what is fishing it tells you what fishing is this is what teachers look at and we know we have to teach this to you okay so you're going straight to the source I'm giving you something really really special now before I let you go I just want to say um of course tomorrow everybody is taking the test that's the first Administration but some of you are going to be taking the test on the 26th or June 7th the credit task is due on Thursday May 20th at 11:59 p.m. eastern time don't forget that and if you just can't get enough and you want more resources here's all of the links that Miss Boyd has created for you but of course don't forget the link that I gave you the CED is very important this is the teacher's Bible I'm telling you all right so think fiveable and please keep the conversation going in Discord thank you so much for being with us today um and yeah if you have questions continue to ask Miss Rachel Yen she is an amazing ta thank you so much for showing up today and the very best of luck on the test bye guys