[music] The greatest obstacle to discovery is not ignorance, it's the illusion of knowledge. Daniel J Burstin. We live surrounded by certain voices. People who speak with confidence, who explain with authority, who reach conclusions quickly. The impression is that the world is full of experts and that everything is simple, as long as you look at it correctly. But this certainty almost always stems not from knowledge, but from ignorance. There is something graceful about the way ignorance masquerades as belief, and it is this disguise that transforms uncertainty into absolute certainty. The paradox is that the less we know, the more easily we build unshakable certainties. This little that we understand becomes a castle of ego, of opinion, of supposed logic, and we settle comfortably in it without realizing that its foundations lie in the void. This is not a bad intention. Most of the time it is simply the natural mechanism of the human mind trying to protect itself from the complexity of the world. We prefer the path of certainty to the long road of understanding. The danger begins when we confuse the feeling of dominance with actual dominance. When we believe that understanding a passage also means knowing the whole. And then the most common and at the same time the most invisible error arises. Don't know what you don't know. This is the most difficult form of ignorance. It doesn't look like ignorance. He doesn't hesitate. He doesn't doubt. We speak with confidence. It 's going straight. He points with his finger. She is sure of herself, but she is not right. This illusion is not noisy by accident. She is noisy by nature. Because noise drives away silence, and in silence doubt grows. The one that scares, that bothers, that demands humility. But therein lies the wisdom. The doubt that does not paralyze but expands. The doubt that does not cancel, but invites you to look again. Few people get to this point on their own because it's uncomfortable. Because it requires you to look in the mirror and admit that behind many of your certainties there was only haste. And right there, at the moment when belief begins to crack, something new is announced. What follows is not a fall, it is a beginning. There is nothing more terrifying than ignorance that does not know it is ignorance. unknown. A man once broke into two banks and tried to rob them in broad daylight. Without a mask, without a disguise, without the slightest fear of being recognized, he smiled at the security cameras. He was sure they wouldn't see him. When he was arrested a few hours later, he did not react with violence, nor with remorse. He reacted with wonder. He said with absolute conviction, "But I put lemon juice on my face." McArthur Will believed that since lemon juice could make ink invisible on old letters, then it would also make it invisible to cameras. His logic was perfect for him, but the real world does not obey our certainties. This absurd story became the subject of study, not to provoke laughter, but to give rise to a deep scientific concern. How can someone be so wrong and yet so sure they're right? David Dunning and Justin Krueger turned this question into research. They subjected volunteers to tests of grammar, logic, and thinking. They were then asked to rate their performance. The worst results were accompanied by the greatest self-confidence. People who made many mistakes, but thought they were doing great. The most capable, on the other hand, doubted their answers. The conclusion was clear and disturbing. Ignorance makes us blind to our own ignorance. Thus the diagram was born. At the beginning of the curve, self-confidence skyrockets. You've learned something new. You understand a part and feel like you are in control of the situation. It is the mountain of stupidity. A tall, bright and comfortable place, but terribly deceptive. Over time, if you continue to learn, you realize that the subject is deeper, more complex, more demanding than it seemed. And then you collapse, you fall into the valley of despair, you feel small, uncertain, but for the first time you begin to see clearly. There, at the bottom of the ravine, the real ascent begins, the ascent of consciousness. A slower, more humble, more true path. Knowledge returns, but without the arrogance of the past. Now it is accompanied by doubt, nuance, listening and above all, respect for the complexity of things. Because when you truly learn, you understand that you will never know everything and that the little you know is already a privilege. We live in an era where intensity replaces depth, where the one who shouts the loudest seems to be right. Noise took the place of reflection and belief became more valuable than truth. In many conference rooms, in family discussions, in video opinions, the same pattern is repeated. He who knows the least is also the one who declares the most. He who hesitates, who thinks, who counts his words, remains silent. And the silence of wisdom gives way to the noise of frivolity. The Daning Kruer phenomenon doesn't just exist in charts and academic research. It circulates among us every day disguised as a formed opinion. He shouts on timelines, in comments, in fiery speeches. Ignorance when covered with confidence goes unnoticed. They listen to it, they share it, they follow it. And so the one we are talking about confidently gains space. Not because he knows more, but because he doubts less. The internet made this mechanism the norm. Social networks reward certainty, not prudence. The algorithm reinforces extremes, not arguments. To question is considered weakness. Saying I don't know is equivalent to insignificance. And in this landscape, doubt, which has always been a driving force of intelligence, has become a burden that must be hidden. He who thinks slowly gets carried away. Whoever contemplates disappears. Deep thought does n't fit into the rhythm of a scroll. But the most tragic thing is not the noise itself. It is what is silent. Brilliant professionals hesitate to take positions because they take what they know for granted. Experts prefer silence to the battle for the spotlight. And meanwhile, hollow voices take over the center of the conversation. Not because of value but because of intensity. The audacity of ignorance has defeated humility, and where there is arrogance without foundation, there is influence without direction. Knowledge, when it is true, does not need to shout. He speaks softly, but with weight. He hesitates but does not avoid. He knows that there are more questions than answers and that speaking responsibly requires first listening. But in a world addicted to easy answers, those who doubt themselves are left behind. And so we end up following the one who shouts the loudest, not the one who understands best. The beginning of true intelligence comes not when we accumulate certainties, but when we begin to question them. It 's not a triumphant moment. There is no applause. It is often lonely, uncomfortable, and even painful. It is the moment when belief gives way to the silence of the mind. When the easy answer is no longer enough, when we realize that we may have understood things superficially. This turning point is called metacognition. The ability to observe our own thoughts. To doubt the certainties that support us. To understand that our perspective on the world is limited and we may only see what we want to see. It is a form of consciousness that is not imposed, it is cultivated and begins with humility. Not the passive one that withdraws, but the active one that seeks, that asks, that listens, that opens itself to the unknown. The mind that thinks metacognitively is in no hurry to win arguments. He doesn't try to look smart. He seeks to understand. And this is exposed not only to knowledge, but also to difference, to annoyance, to opposition. Because he understands that being right is not a destination, but a journey in progress, it is not about accumulating answers, but about the art of asking better questions. But this journey requires more than just mental effort. It requires time, pause, silence. In a world that demands speed, thinking slowly is an act of courage, and it is in this sparse space away from the noise that wisdom breathes. Because unlike chatty ignorance, deep intelligence is in no hurry to show itself. He prefers to mature slowly in the shadow of doubts. There is something deeply human about this process because it is not just about learning, but about transformation. True intelligence is not that which dominates. She is the one who listens, who adapts, who revises. She is the one who has the courage to say I don't know, but I want to know. and it is in this very moment between humility and searching that something rare happens. We do not become the possessors of the truth, but we come a little closer to it. let