Erikson's Final Stage: Integrity vs. Despair

Dec 11, 2024

Erik Erickson's Psychosocial Development: Integrity vs. Despair

Overview

  • Erikson's theory is a stage theory of psychosocial development.
  • Each stage builds on the previous one.
  • The final stage is for those aged 65 or 70 and over.
  • This stage focuses on the end-of-life review, also known as "integrity versus despair."

End-of-Life Review

  • Individuals ask themselves: "Did I live a good life?"

  • Ego Integrity

    • Achieved if the answer is yes.
    • Individuals feel they have played their cards well, given their genetics and environment.
    • Leads to self-awareness, acceptance, and pride.
    • These individuals are seen as wise and deserving of respect.
  • Despair

    • Experienced if the answer is no.
    • Results from regret over unplayed opportunities or poor decisions.
    • Individuals feel regret and resentment.

Cultural Perspective

  • In many cultures, elderly people are revered and seen as wise.
  • They should be treated with honor and respect.

Life in the Final Stage

  • Some continue to invest in life and live their "golden years."
  • Concerns about death are less prominent compared to earlier stages.
  • Acceptance of life achievements and limitations is common.

Comparison with Previous Stages

  • Previous stage involved "midlife reflection" with time left for change.
  • Final stage involves reflecting with limited time to make changes.
  • Missed opportunities in earlier life stages can lead to despair in old age.

Life Lessons

  • Live life taking opportunities and risks.
  • Most regrets come from things not done, rather than mistakes made.
  • Aim to live without regrets and with a sense of integrity.

Criticism and Endurance of Erickson's Theory

  • Some critique the universal applicability of Erickson's stages.
  • Despite criticisms, it has stood the test of time better than Freud's theories.
  • Supported by research.

Final Thoughts

  • Reflect on your life to ensure you feel content and fulfilled.
  • The goal is to be able to say, "Yes, I did live a good life."